Effect of saccharin on inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the related mechanism

• Published in: Nutrition research and practice Vol. 14; no. 2; pp. 109 - 116
• Main Authors: Kim, Hye Lin, Ha, Ae Wha, Kim, Woo Kyoung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) 한국영양학회 01.04.2020; Korean Nutrition Society; The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition
• Subjects: Adipocytes; Cell proliferation; Cyclooxygenase-2; Cytokines; Gene expression; IL-1β; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; Lipopolysaccharides; Monocyte chemoattractant protein; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Monocytes; NF-κB protein; Nitric oxide; Nitric-oxide synthase; Original Research; Preadipocytes; Proteins; Saccharin; Sweeteners; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; 생활과학; cytokine; Saccharin; NF-kappa B; inflammation; adipocytes
• ISSN: 1976-1457; 2005-6168
• DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.2.109

Excessive intake of simple sugars induces obesity and increases the risk of inflammation. Thus, interest in alternative sweeteners as a sugar substitute is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of saccharin on inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes. The adipocytes were treated with saccharin (0, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL) for 24 h. Inflammation was induced by exposure of treated adipocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 18 h and cell proliferation was measured. The concentration of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by using Griess reagent. Protein expressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inhibitor κB (IκB) were determined by western blot analysis. The mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by real-time PCR. Compared with the control group, the amount of NO and the mRNA expression of iNOS in the LPS-treated group were increased by about 17.6% and 46.9%, respectively, ( < 0.05), and those parameter levels were significantly decreased by saccharin treatment ( < 0.05). Protein expression of NF-κB was decreased and that of IκB was increased by saccharin treatment ( < 0.05). Saccharin decreased the mRNA expression of COX-2 and the inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α) ( < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that saccharin can inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via the NF-κB pathway.