The institutionalized Buen Vivir: a new hegemonic political paradigm for Ecuador
Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The article focuses on its Ecuadorian variant and, more specifically, the institutionalized version embodied in the 2008 Constitution and the policies of the...
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| Published in | Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional Vol. 64; no. 1; p. 1 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Brasília
Instituto Brasileiro de Relacoes Internacionais
01.01.2021
Instituto Brasileiro de Relacoes Internaciðnais Instituto Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais |
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| ISSN | 0034-7329 1983-3121 |
| DOI | 10.1590/0034-7329202100101 |
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| Abstract | Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The article focuses on its Ecuadorian variant and, more specifically, the institutionalized version embodied in the 2008 Constitution and the policies of the Citizens' Revolution governments. This version is the particular result of the convergence of three different currents and has become the hegemonic ideology in the country. The article describes its main thematic axes and appraises its originality, as well as the theoretical and practical contributions. Keywords: Buen vivir, Sumak Kawsay, post-development, Ecuador, Citizens' Revolution, XXI-century socialism. |
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| AbstractList | Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The article focuses on its Ecuadorian variant and, more specifically, the institutionalized version embodied in the 2008 Constitution and the policies of the Citizens' Revolution governments. This version is the particular result of the convergence of three different currents and has become the hegemonic ideology in the country. The article describes its main thematic axes and appraises its originality, as well as the theoretical and practical contributions. Keywords: Buen vivir, Sumak Kawsay, post-development, Ecuador, Citizens' Revolution, XXI-century socialism. Abstract Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The article focuses on its Ecuadorian variant and, more specifically, the institutionalized version embodied in the 2008 Constitution and the policies of the Citizens’ Revolution governments. This version is the particular result of the convergence of three different currents and has become the hegemonic ideology in the country. The article describes its main thematic axes and appraises its originality, as well as the theoretical and practical contributions. Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The article focuses on its Ecuadorian variant and, more specifically, the institutionalized version embodied in the 2008 Constitution and the policies of the Citizens' Revolution governments. This version is the particular result of the convergence of three different currents and has become the hegemonic ideology in the country. The article describes its main thematic axes and appraises its originality, as well as the theoretical and practical contributions. In the 80s and 90s, Ecuadorian governments implemented a set of neoliberal policies which included tariff reductions, a downsizing of the State, privatizations, labor flexibility, and further development of the oil and mining sector which, combined with high levels of corruption, resulted in a massive rise of poverty and very high levels of social unrest (Marchán 1992 ; Vos 2000 ; Larrea 2004). Buen Vivir can be considered a particular expression of a more encompassing paradigm that features other ideological variants across Latin America, which stem from the singularities of every local context (Gregor Barié 2014). The same, we contend, can be said of the Ecuadorian Buen Vivir itself. Academic analyses on the subject (Capitán et al. 2014 ; Vanhulst 2015 ; Cruz 2018) agree it is a multifaceted paradigm. Cruz (2018), in fact, would rather talk of Buenos Vivires (plural). This alleged polymorphic nature seems to be the logical result of the emergence of Buen Vivir as a phenomenon collectively constructed by a wide variety of social actors. The article will first identify the main currents within the Ecuadorian Buen Vivir and analyze the relations that exist among them, as well as the process whereby they converged into the constitutional version. Then, it will identify and describe its main themes. In order to achieve these goals, we have undertaken a thorough review of the existing literature, which includes most of the works written by the authors politically engaged with Buen Vivir , as well as the more neutral academic studies. The article also uses our fieldwork in indigenous communities in Nabón (Azuay) and Dr. Carpio’s inside knowledge of Ecuador’s political processes acquired during the years he worked as a political consultant. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Carpio Benalcázar, Patricio Ullán de La Rosa, Francisco Javier |
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| Snippet | Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The article... In the 80s and 90s, Ecuadorian governments implemented a set of neoliberal policies which included tariff reductions, a downsizing of the State,... Abstract Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The... |
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| SubjectTerms | Buen vivir Citizens’ Revolution Colonialism Corruption Downsizing Ecuador Environmentalism Ethnic identity Flexibility Hegemony Indigenous peoples Influence Institutionalization Mining Native peoples Neoliberalism Political economy post-development Poverty Social relations Social unrest Sumak Kawsay XXI-century socialism |
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| Title | The institutionalized Buen Vivir: a new hegemonic political paradigm for Ecuador |
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