Tracking the Mind’s Eye: Primate Gaze Behavior during Virtual Visuomotor Navigation Reflects Belief Dynamics
To take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects’ belief dynamics from natural behavior. We tested whether eye movements could be use...
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| Published in | Neuron (Cambridge, Mass.) Vol. 106; no. 4; pp. 662 - 674.e5 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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United States
Elsevier Inc
20.05.2020
Elsevier Limited |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0896-6273 1097-4199 1097-4199 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.02.023 |
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| Abstract | To take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects’ belief dynamics from natural behavior. We tested whether eye movements could be used to infer subjects’ beliefs about latent variables using a naturalistic navigation task. Humans and monkeys navigated to a remembered goal location in a virtual environment that provided optic flow but lacked explicit position cues. We observed eye movements that appeared to continuously track the goal location even when no visible target was present there. Accurate goal tracking was associated with improved task performance, and inhibiting eye movements in humans impaired navigation precision. These results suggest that gaze dynamics play a key role in action selection during challenging visuomotor behaviors and may possibly serve as a window into the subject’s dynamically evolving internal beliefs.
•Humans and monkeys virtually navigated to a memorized goal by integrating optic flow•Eye movements tracked the goal location as subjects steered toward it•Better goal tracking was associated with better navigation performance•Forcing humans to fixate impaired navigation precision
Humans and animals constantly maintain and update beliefs about latent world states, but those belief dynamics are notoriously difficult to measure experimentally. Using a naturalistic task in which subjects navigated to a hidden goal in virtual reality, Lakshminarasimhan et al. demonstrate that this could be achieved by tracking eye movements. |
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| AbstractList | To take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects’ belief dynamics from natural behaviour. We tested whether eye movements could be used to infer subjects’ beliefs about latent variables using a naturalistic navigation task. Humans and monkeys navigated to a remembered goal location in a virtual environment that provided optic flow but lacked explicit position cues. We observed eye movements that appeared to continuously track the goal location even when no visible target was present there. Accurate goal-tracking was associated with improved task performance, and inhibiting eye movements in humans impaired navigation precision. These results suggest that gaze dynamics play a key role in action-selection during challenging visuomotor behaviours, and may possibly serve as a window into the subject’s dynamically evolving internal beliefs.
Humans and animals constantly maintain and update beliefs about latent world-states, but those belief dynamics are notoriously difficult to measure experimentally. Using a naturalistic task in which subjects navigated to a hidden goal in virtual reality, Lakshminarasimhan et al. demonstrate that this could be achieved by tracking eye movements. To take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects’ belief dynamics from natural behavior. We tested whether eye movements could be used to infer subjects’ beliefs about latent variables using a naturalistic navigation task. Humans and monkeys navigated to a remembered goal location in a virtual environment that provided optic flow but lacked explicit position cues. We observed eye movements that appeared to continuously track the goal location even when no visible target was present there. Accurate goal tracking was associated with improved task performance, and inhibiting eye movements in humans impaired navigation precision. These results suggest that gaze dynamics play a key role in action selection during challenging visuomotor behaviors and may possibly serve as a window into the subject’s dynamically evolving internal beliefs. •Humans and monkeys virtually navigated to a memorized goal by integrating optic flow•Eye movements tracked the goal location as subjects steered toward it•Better goal tracking was associated with better navigation performance•Forcing humans to fixate impaired navigation precision Humans and animals constantly maintain and update beliefs about latent world states, but those belief dynamics are notoriously difficult to measure experimentally. Using a naturalistic task in which subjects navigated to a hidden goal in virtual reality, Lakshminarasimhan et al. demonstrate that this could be achieved by tracking eye movements. To take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects' belief dynamics from natural behavior. We tested whether eye movements could be used to infer subjects' beliefs about latent variables using a naturalistic navigation task. Humans and monkeys navigated to a remembered goal location in a virtual environment that provided optic flow but lacked explicit position cues. We observed eye movements that appeared to continuously track the goal location even when no visible target was present there. Accurate goal tracking was associated with improved task performance, and inhibiting eye movements in humans impaired navigation precision. These results suggest that gaze dynamics play a key role in action selection during challenging visuomotor behaviors and may possibly serve as a window into the subject's dynamically evolving internal beliefs.To take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects' belief dynamics from natural behavior. We tested whether eye movements could be used to infer subjects' beliefs about latent variables using a naturalistic navigation task. Humans and monkeys navigated to a remembered goal location in a virtual environment that provided optic flow but lacked explicit position cues. We observed eye movements that appeared to continuously track the goal location even when no visible target was present there. Accurate goal tracking was associated with improved task performance, and inhibiting eye movements in humans impaired navigation precision. These results suggest that gaze dynamics play a key role in action selection during challenging visuomotor behaviors and may possibly serve as a window into the subject's dynamically evolving internal beliefs. To take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects' belief dynamics from natural behavior. We tested whether eye movements could be used to infer subjects' beliefs about latent variables using a naturalistic navigation task. Humans and monkeys navigated to a remembered goal location in a virtual environment that provided optic flow but lacked explicit position cues. We observed eye movements that appeared to continuously track the goal location even when no visible target was present there. Accurate goal tracking was associated with improved task performance, and inhibiting eye movements in humans impaired navigation precision. These results suggest that gaze dynamics play a key role in action selection during challenging visuomotor behaviors and may possibly serve as a window into the subject's dynamically evolving internal beliefs. SummaryTo take the best actions, we often need to maintain and update beliefs about variables that cannot be directly observed. To understand the principles underlying such belief updates, we need tools to uncover subjects’ belief dynamics from natural behavior. We tested whether eye movements could be used to infer subjects’ beliefs about latent variables using a naturalistic navigation task. Humans and monkeys navigated to a remembered goal location in a virtual environment that provided optic flow but lacked explicit position cues. We observed eye movements that appeared to continuously track the goal location even when no visible target was present there. Accurate goal tracking was associated with improved task performance, and inhibiting eye movements in humans impaired navigation precision. These results suggest that gaze dynamics play a key role in action selection during challenging visuomotor behaviors and may possibly serve as a window into the subject’s dynamically evolving internal beliefs. |
| Author | Lakshminarasimhan, Kaushik J. Neyhart, Erin Pitkow, Xaq Avila, Eric DeAngelis, Gregory C. Angelaki, Dora E. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 6 Tandon school of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA 2 Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 7 These authors contributed equally 3 Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA 4 Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA 5 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA 1 Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA – name: 5 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA – name: 3 Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA – name: 6 Tandon school of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA – name: 4 Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA – name: 7 These authors contributed equally – name: 2 Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kaushik J. surname: Lakshminarasimhan fullname: Lakshminarasimhan, Kaushik J. email: jkl9@nyu.edu organization: Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Eric surname: Avila fullname: Avila, Eric organization: Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Erin surname: Neyhart fullname: Neyhart, Erin organization: Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Gregory C. surname: DeAngelis fullname: DeAngelis, Gregory C. organization: Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Xaq surname: Pitkow fullname: Pitkow, Xaq organization: Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Dora E. surname: Angelaki fullname: Angelaki, Dora E. organization: Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Conceptualization, K.J.L., G.C.D., X.P. and D.E.A.; Methodology, K.J.L., E.A., X.P. and D.E.A., Investigation, K.J.L., E.A. and E.N.; Data Curation, K.J.L. and E.A.; Formal Analysis, K.J.L.; Writing - Original draft, K.J.L.; Writing - Review & Editing, K.J.L., E.A., G.C.D., X.P. and D.E.A.; Funding Acquisition - G.C.D., X.P. and D.E.A.; Supervision, X.P. and D.E.A. Lead contact |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Animals Behavior Decision Making - physiology Eye Eye movements Female Fixation, Ocular - physiology Human subjects Humans Macaca mulatta Male Models, Neurological Navigation behavior Oculomotor behavior Optic flow Sensorimotor integration Spatial Navigation - physiology Standard deviation Young Adult |
| Title | Tracking the Mind’s Eye: Primate Gaze Behavior during Virtual Visuomotor Navigation Reflects Belief Dynamics |
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