Dynamic changes in sensitization to specific aeroallergens in children raised in a desert environment
Summary Background Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross‐sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been p...
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| Published in | Clinical and experimental allergy Vol. 34; no. 10; pp. 1563 - 1669 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science Ltd
01.10.2004
Blackwell Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0954-7894 1365-2222 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02088.x |
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| Abstract | Summary
Background
Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross‐sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been paid to whether individual aeroallergen remittance occurs, which could distort or mask relationships to disease.
Objective
To access the incidence and remittance of skin test reactions to individual allergens in children aged 6–11 years.
Methods
Longitudinal sensitization to six aeroallergens and total IgE were assessed in 828 children raised in the semi‐arid US southwest at ages 6 and 11 years.
Results
New sensitization (to any allergen) between 6 and 11 years occurred in 30.2% of children compared with 39.7% before age 6 years. The rate of complete remittance from positive to negative between ages 6 and 11 years was 8.2%, and total IgE at age 6 years was not predictive. Remittance rates for individual allergens were high and variable (19–49%). The perennial allergens Bermuda and Alternaria were early sensitizers and had low remittance rates. Early sensitization to the four seasonal allergens was less common and more subject to remittance with the bulk of sensitization occurring between 6 and 11 years.
Conclusion
This study shows that sensitization to individual aeroallergens in childhood is dynamic and indicates the limitation of single point assessment of skin test reactivity. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Summary
Background
Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross‐sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been paid to whether individual aeroallergen remittance occurs, which could distort or mask relationships to disease.
Objective
To access the incidence and remittance of skin test reactions to individual allergens in children aged 6–11 years.
Methods
Longitudinal sensitization to six aeroallergens and total IgE were assessed in 828 children raised in the semi‐arid US southwest at ages 6 and 11 years.
Results
New sensitization (to any allergen) between 6 and 11 years occurred in 30.2% of children compared with 39.7% before age 6 years. The rate of complete remittance from positive to negative between ages 6 and 11 years was 8.2%, and total IgE at age 6 years was not predictive. Remittance rates for individual allergens were high and variable (19–49%). The perennial allergens Bermuda and Alternaria were early sensitizers and had low remittance rates. Early sensitization to the four seasonal allergens was less common and more subject to remittance with the bulk of sensitization occurring between 6 and 11 years.
Conclusion
This study shows that sensitization to individual aeroallergens in childhood is dynamic and indicates the limitation of single point assessment of skin test reactivity. Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross-sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been paid to whether individual aeroallergen remittance occurs, which could distort or mask relationships to disease.BACKGROUNDAllergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross-sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been paid to whether individual aeroallergen remittance occurs, which could distort or mask relationships to disease.To access the incidence and remittance of skin test reactions to individual allergens in children aged 6-11 years.OBJECTIVETo access the incidence and remittance of skin test reactions to individual allergens in children aged 6-11 years.Longitudinal sensitization to six aeroallergens and total IgE were assessed in 828 children raised in the semi-arid US southwest at ages 6 and 11 years.METHODSLongitudinal sensitization to six aeroallergens and total IgE were assessed in 828 children raised in the semi-arid US southwest at ages 6 and 11 years.New sensitization (to any allergen) between 6 and 11 years occurred in 30.2% of children compared with 39.7% before age 6 years. The rate of complete remittance from positive to negative between ages 6 and 11 years was 8.2%, and total IgE at age 6 years was not predictive. Remittance rates for individual allergens were high and variable (19-49%). The perennial allergens Bermuda and Alternaria were early sensitizers and had low remittance rates. Early sensitization to the four seasonal allergens was less common and more subject to remittance with the bulk of sensitization occurring between 6 and 11 years.RESULTSNew sensitization (to any allergen) between 6 and 11 years occurred in 30.2% of children compared with 39.7% before age 6 years. The rate of complete remittance from positive to negative between ages 6 and 11 years was 8.2%, and total IgE at age 6 years was not predictive. Remittance rates for individual allergens were high and variable (19-49%). The perennial allergens Bermuda and Alternaria were early sensitizers and had low remittance rates. Early sensitization to the four seasonal allergens was less common and more subject to remittance with the bulk of sensitization occurring between 6 and 11 years.This study shows that sensitization to individual aeroallergens in childhood is dynamic and indicates the limitation of single point assessment of skin test reactivity.CONCLUSIONThis study shows that sensitization to individual aeroallergens in childhood is dynamic and indicates the limitation of single point assessment of skin test reactivity. Background Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross‐sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been paid to whether individual aeroallergen remittance occurs, which could distort or mask relationships to disease. Objective To access the incidence and remittance of skin test reactions to individual allergens in children aged 6–11 years. Methods Longitudinal sensitization to six aeroallergens and total IgE were assessed in 828 children raised in the semi‐arid US southwest at ages 6 and 11 years. Results New sensitization (to any allergen) between 6 and 11 years occurred in 30.2% of children compared with 39.7% before age 6 years. The rate of complete remittance from positive to negative between ages 6 and 11 years was 8.2%, and total IgE at age 6 years was not predictive. Remittance rates for individual allergens were high and variable (19–49%). The perennial allergens Bermuda and Alternaria were early sensitizers and had low remittance rates. Early sensitization to the four seasonal allergens was less common and more subject to remittance with the bulk of sensitization occurring between 6 and 11 years. Conclusion This study shows that sensitization to individual aeroallergens in childhood is dynamic and indicates the limitation of single point assessment of skin test reactivity. Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross-sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been paid to whether individual aeroallergen remittance occurs, which could distort or mask relationships to disease. To access the incidence and remittance of skin test reactions to individual allergens in children aged 6-11 years. Longitudinal sensitization to six aeroallergens and total IgE were assessed in 828 children raised in the semi-arid US southwest at ages 6 and 11 years. New sensitization (to any allergen) between 6 and 11 years occurred in 30.2% of children compared with 39.7% before age 6 years. The rate of complete remittance from positive to negative between ages 6 and 11 years was 8.2%, and total IgE at age 6 years was not predictive. Remittance rates for individual allergens were high and variable (19-49%). The perennial allergens Bermuda and Alternaria were early sensitizers and had low remittance rates. Early sensitization to the four seasonal allergens was less common and more subject to remittance with the bulk of sensitization occurring between 6 and 11 years. This study shows that sensitization to individual aeroallergens in childhood is dynamic and indicates the limitation of single point assessment of skin test reactivity. Background: Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross-sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. However, little attention has been paid to whether individual aeroallergen remittance occurs, which could distort or mask relationships to disease. Objective: To access the incidence and remittance of skin test reactions to individual allergens in children aged 6-11 years. Methods: Longitudinal sensitization to six aeroallergens and total IgE were assessed in 828 children raised in the semi-arid US southwest at ages 6 and 11 years. Results: New sensitization (to any allergen) between 6 and 11 years occurred in 30.2% of children compared with 39.7% before age 6 years. The rate of complete remittance from positive to negative between ages 6 and 11 years was 8.2%, and total IgE at age 6 years was not predictive. Remittance rates for individual allergens were high and variable (19-49%). The perennial allergens Bermuda and Alternaria were early sensitizers and had low remittance rates. Early sensitization to the four seasonal allergens was less common and more subject to remittance with the bulk of sensitization occurring between 6 and 11 years. Conclusion: This study shows that sensitization to individual aeroallergens in childhood is dynamic and indicates the limitation of single point assessment of skin test reactivity. |
| Author | Halonen, M. Stern, D. A. Wright, A. L. Lohman, I. C. Martinez, F. D. Taussig, L. M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: D. A. surname: Stern fullname: Stern, D. A. organization: The Arizona Respiratory Center and The Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, The University of Arizona HSC, Tucson, AZ, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: I. C. surname: Lohman fullname: Lohman, I. C. organization: The Arizona Respiratory Center and The Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, The University of Arizona HSC, Tucson, AZ, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: A. L. surname: Wright fullname: Wright, A. L. organization: The Arizona Respiratory Center and The Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, The University of Arizona HSC, Tucson, AZ, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: L. M. surname: Taussig fullname: Taussig, L. M. organization: The Arizona Respiratory Center and The Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, The University of Arizona HSC, Tucson, AZ, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: F. D. surname: Martinez fullname: Martinez, F. D. organization: The Arizona Respiratory Center and The Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, The University of Arizona HSC, Tucson, AZ, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: M. surname: Halonen fullname: Halonen, M. organization: The Arizona Respiratory Center and The Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, The University of Arizona HSC, Tucson, AZ, USA |
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| Keywords | Human Allergy Immunopathology IgE Alternaria Exploration Atopy Fungi Immunology Dynamics children Environment Aeroallergen Sensitization Fungi Imperfecti desert longitudinal Child Thallophyta Allergen Skin test |
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Gender and allergen related risks for development of hay fever and asthma publication-title: Clin Exp Allergy – volume: 4 start-page: 155 year: 1993 end-page: 60 article-title: Building characteristics and importance of house dust mite exposure in the Sonoran Desert, USA publication-title: Proc Indoor Air – volume: 84 start-page: 718 issue: (Part 1) year: 1989 end-page: 25 article-title: High mite‐allergen exposure increases the risk of sensitization in atopic children and young adults publication-title: J Allergy Clin Immunol – volume: 151 start-page: 663 issue: (Part 1) year: 1995 end-page: 8 article-title: Longitudinal observations of serum IgE and skin prick test response publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med – volume: 16 start-page: 15 year: 1992 end-page: 35 article-title: Water balance and humidity requirements of house dust mites publication-title: Exp Appl Acarol – volume: 106 start-page: 832 year: 2000 end-page: 9 article-title: Development of seasonal allergic rhinitis during the first 7 years of life publication-title: J Allergy Clin Immunol – volume: 103 start-page: 1173 year: 1999 end-page: 9 article-title: Natural course of sensitization to food and inhalant allergens during the first 6 years of life publication-title: J Allergy Clin Immunol – volume: 21 start-page: 235 year: 1991 end-page: 41 article-title: Relationship of total serum IgE levels in cord and 9‐month sera of infants publication-title: Clin Exp Allergy – volume: 323 start-page: 502 year: 1990 end-page: 7 article-title: Exposure to house‐dust mite allergen (Der p I) and the development of asthma in childhood. A prospective study publication-title: N Engl J Med – volume: 4 start-page: 155 year: 1993 ident: e_1_2_6_23_2 article-title: Building characteristics and importance of house dust mite exposure in the Sonoran Desert, USA publication-title: Proc Indoor Air – volume: 61 start-page: 83 issue: 2 year: 1988 ident: e_1_2_6_7_2 article-title: Natural history of food allergy publication-title: Ann Allergy – ident: e_1_2_6_2_2 doi: 10.1136/thx.54.3.268 – ident: e_1_2_6_9_2 doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115242 – volume: 107 start-page: 301 year: 1995 ident: e_1_2_6_21_2 article-title: Dog and cat allergens and asthma among school children in Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA publication-title: altitude 7200 feet – volume: 80 start-page: 669 year: 1987 ident: e_1_2_6_12_2 article-title: The prevalence of allergic skin test reactivity to eight common aeroallergens in the U.S. population publication-title: results from the second national health and nutrition examination survey – ident: e_1_2_6_29_2 doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb05093.x – ident: e_1_2_6_25_2 doi: 10.1080/00173139209427827 – ident: e_1_2_6_20_2 doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(85)90812-7 – ident: e_1_2_6_8_2 doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-84-2-129 – ident: e_1_2_6_5_2 doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.155.4.9105079 – ident: e_1_2_6_10_2 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00836.x – volume: 108 start-page: E33 year: 2001 ident: e_1_2_6_3_2 article-title: Sensitization to common allergens and its association with allergic disorders at age 4 years publication-title: a whole population birth cohort study – ident: e_1_2_6_6_2 doi: 10.1067/mai.2000.110098 – ident: e_1_2_6_16_2 doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(89)90300-X – volume: 79 start-page: 919 year: 1987 ident: e_1_2_6_32_2 article-title: A longitudinal study of serum IgE in a community cohort publication-title: correlations with age, sex, smoking, and atopic status – ident: e_1_2_6_22_2 doi: 10.1007/BF01201490 – volume: 23 start-page: 812 year: 1993 ident: e_1_2_6_19_2 article-title: Importance of house dust mite and Alternaria allergens in childhood asthma publication-title: an epidemiological study in two climatic regions of Australia – volume: 32 start-page: 40 year: 1993 ident: e_1_2_6_27_2 article-title: Relationship between airborne fungal spore presence and weather variables publication-title: Cladosporium Alternaria – ident: e_1_2_6_11_2 doi: 10.1016/S0091-6749(99)70195-8 – ident: e_1_2_6_17_2 doi: 10.1056/NEJM199008233230802 – volume: 85 start-page: 65 issue: 1 year: 1990 ident: e_1_2_6_4_2 article-title: Longitudinal changes in atopy during a 4‐year period publication-title: relation to bronchial hyperresponsiveness and respiratory symptoms in a population sample of Australian schoolchildren – volume: 90 start-page: 579 issue: 1 year: 1992 ident: e_1_2_6_13_2 article-title: The association of individual allergen reactivity with respiratory disease in a national sample publication-title: data from the second national health and nutrition examination survey, 1976–80 (NHANES II) – ident: e_1_2_6_30_2 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00279.x – volume: 4 start-page: 189 year: 1993 ident: e_1_2_6_28_2 article-title: Indoor residential mold concentrations as represented by spore and colony counts publication-title: Proc Indoor Air – volume: 34 start-page: 387 year: 1977 ident: e_1_2_6_14_2 article-title: Causes of respiratory allergy in Arizona. Part I publication-title: Ariz Med – ident: e_1_2_6_18_2 doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/143.5_Pt_1.983 – volume: 46 start-page: 30 year: 1981 ident: e_1_2_6_26_2 article-title: Frequency of airborne Alternaria spores in Tucson, Arizona over a 20‐year period publication-title: Ann Allergy – volume: 151 start-page: 663 issue: 1 year: 1995 ident: e_1_2_6_31_2 article-title: Longitudinal observations of serum IgE and skin prick test response publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med – ident: e_1_2_6_15_2 doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(89)90128-0 – ident: e_1_2_6_24_2 doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.3.2008042 |
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Background
Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases.... Background Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross‐sectional... Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross-sectional studies have... Background: Allergen skin test reactivity and total serum IgE are objective measures used to characterize and help diagnose allergic diseases. Cross-sectional... |
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| SubjectTerms | aeroallergen Air Allergens - immunology Allergic diseases allergy Alternaria Alternaria - immunology Amaranthus - adverse effects Amaranthus - immunology atopy Biological and medical sciences Child children Cynodon - adverse effects Cynodon - immunology desert Desert Climate Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fundamental immunology Humans Hypersensitivity, Immediate - epidemiology Hypersensitivity, Immediate - ethnology Hypersensitivity, Immediate - immunology IgE Immunoglobulin E - analysis Immunopathology Incidence longitudinal Longitudinal Studies Male Medical sciences Morus - adverse effects Morus - immunology Olea - adverse effects Olea - immunology Prevalence Prosopis - adverse effects Prosopis - immunology Prospective Studies Sex Distribution skin test Skin Tests - methods Southwestern United States - epidemiology Southwestern United States - ethnology |
| Title | Dynamic changes in sensitization to specific aeroallergens in children raised in a desert environment |
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