The Influence of Customized Mouthguards on the Muscular Activity of the Masticatory Muscles at Maximum Bite and Motor Performance During Static and Dynamic Exercises
Background Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasing biting, has not been clarified. This study’s aim was to investigate the muscu...
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Published in | Sports medicine - open Vol. 7; no. 1 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Cham
Springer International Publishing
01.12.2021
Springer Nature B.V |
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Abstract | Background
Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasing biting, has not been clarified. This study’s aim was to investigate the muscular activity of the maxillary and peripheral musculature and motor performance during a rest and exercise test.
Methods
Our study comprised 12 active, male, professional young handball players (age 18.83 ± 0.39 years). Their performance, electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity (
Σ
), and lateral deviation (
Δ
) of the masticatory and peripheral musculature were measured during rest in a maximum bite force measurement, one-legged stand, a kettlebell swing exercise and a jump test while wearing a customized mouthguard (CMG) or not wearing one (Co).
Results
Maximum bite force measurements did not differ significantly in their mean values of muscle activity (
Σ
) for the masseter and temporalis muscles (Co 647.6 ± 212.8 µV vs. CMG 724.3 ± 257.1 µV
p
= 0.08) (Co 457.2 ± 135.5 µV vs. CMG 426.6 ± 169.3 µV
p
= 0.38) with versus without CMG. We found no differences in the mean activation values during a one-legged stand, the kettlebell swing, and jump test (
Σ
) in any of the muscles tested. Lateral deviations (
Δ
) wearing a CMG were significantly less in the erector spinae during the kettlebell swing (Co 5.33 ± 3.4 µV vs. CMG 2.53 ± 1.8 µV
p
= 0.01) and countermovement jump (Co 37.90 ± 30.6 µV vs. CMG 17.83 ± 22.3 µV
p
= 0.03) compared to the performance without a CMG. Jump height, rotation moment, and balance were unchanged with versus without CMG.
Conclusion
Our results at rest and during specific motor stress show no differences with or without a CMG. The improved peripheral muscular balance while wearing a CMG indicates improved muscular stabilization. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Background
Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasing biting, has not been clarified. This study’s aim was to investigate the muscular activity of the maxillary and peripheral musculature and motor performance during a rest and exercise test.
Methods
Our study comprised 12 active, male, professional young handball players (age 18.83 ± 0.39 years). Their performance, electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity (
Σ
), and lateral deviation (
Δ
) of the masticatory and peripheral musculature were measured during rest in a maximum bite force measurement, one-legged stand, a kettlebell swing exercise and a jump test while wearing a customized mouthguard (CMG) or not wearing one (Co).
Results
Maximum bite force measurements did not differ significantly in their mean values of muscle activity (
Σ
) for the masseter and temporalis muscles (Co 647.6 ± 212.8 µV vs. CMG 724.3 ± 257.1 µV
p
= 0.08) (Co 457.2 ± 135.5 µV vs. CMG 426.6 ± 169.3 µV
p
= 0.38) with versus without CMG. We found no differences in the mean activation values during a one-legged stand, the kettlebell swing, and jump test (
Σ
) in any of the muscles tested. Lateral deviations (
Δ
) wearing a CMG were significantly less in the erector spinae during the kettlebell swing (Co 5.33 ± 3.4 µV vs. CMG 2.53 ± 1.8 µV
p
= 0.01) and countermovement jump (Co 37.90 ± 30.6 µV vs. CMG 17.83 ± 22.3 µV
p
= 0.03) compared to the performance without a CMG. Jump height, rotation moment, and balance were unchanged with versus without CMG.
Conclusion
Our results at rest and during specific motor stress show no differences with or without a CMG. The improved peripheral muscular balance while wearing a CMG indicates improved muscular stabilization. Abstract Background Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasing biting, has not been clarified. This study’s aim was to investigate the muscular activity of the maxillary and peripheral musculature and motor performance during a rest and exercise test. Methods Our study comprised 12 active, male, professional young handball players (age 18.83 ± 0.39 years). Their performance, electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity ( Σ ), and lateral deviation ( Δ ) of the masticatory and peripheral musculature were measured during rest in a maximum bite force measurement, one-legged stand, a kettlebell swing exercise and a jump test while wearing a customized mouthguard (CMG) or not wearing one (Co). Results Maximum bite force measurements did not differ significantly in their mean values of muscle activity ( Σ ) for the masseter and temporalis muscles (Co 647.6 ± 212.8 µV vs. CMG 724.3 ± 257.1 µV p = 0.08) (Co 457.2 ± 135.5 µV vs. CMG 426.6 ± 169.3 µV p = 0.38) with versus without CMG. We found no differences in the mean activation values during a one-legged stand, the kettlebell swing, and jump test ( Σ ) in any of the muscles tested. Lateral deviations ( Δ ) wearing a CMG were significantly less in the erector spinae during the kettlebell swing (Co 5.33 ± 3.4 µV vs. CMG 2.53 ± 1.8 µV p = 0.01) and countermovement jump (Co 37.90 ± 30.6 µV vs. CMG 17.83 ± 22.3 µV p = 0.03) compared to the performance without a CMG. Jump height, rotation moment, and balance were unchanged with versus without CMG. Conclusion Our results at rest and during specific motor stress show no differences with or without a CMG. The improved peripheral muscular balance while wearing a CMG indicates improved muscular stabilization. BackgroundSome studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasing biting, has not been clarified. This study’s aim was to investigate the muscular activity of the maxillary and peripheral musculature and motor performance during a rest and exercise test.MethodsOur study comprised 12 active, male, professional young handball players (age 18.83 ± 0.39 years). Their performance, electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity (Σ), and lateral deviation (Δ) of the masticatory and peripheral musculature were measured during rest in a maximum bite force measurement, one-legged stand, a kettlebell swing exercise and a jump test while wearing a customized mouthguard (CMG) or not wearing one (Co).ResultsMaximum bite force measurements did not differ significantly in their mean values of muscle activity (Σ) for the masseter and temporalis muscles (Co 647.6 ± 212.8 µV vs. CMG 724.3 ± 257.1 µV p = 0.08) (Co 457.2 ± 135.5 µV vs. CMG 426.6 ± 169.3 µV p = 0.38) with versus without CMG. We found no differences in the mean activation values during a one-legged stand, the kettlebell swing, and jump test (Σ) in any of the muscles tested. Lateral deviations (Δ) wearing a CMG were significantly less in the erector spinae during the kettlebell swing (Co 5.33 ± 3.4 µV vs. CMG 2.53 ± 1.8 µV p = 0.01) and countermovement jump (Co 37.90 ± 30.6 µV vs. CMG 17.83 ± 22.3 µV p = 0.03) compared to the performance without a CMG. Jump height, rotation moment, and balance were unchanged with versus without CMG.ConclusionOur results at rest and during specific motor stress show no differences with or without a CMG. The improved peripheral muscular balance while wearing a CMG indicates improved muscular stabilization. |
ArticleNumber | 64 |
Author | Lässing, Johannes Lingener, Lennart Falz, Roberto Kwast, Stefan Pökel, Christoph Schulze, Antina Busse, Martin |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Johannes surname: Lässing fullname: Lässing, Johannes email: johannes.laessing@uni-leipzig.de organization: Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig – sequence: 2 givenname: Christoph surname: Pökel fullname: Pökel, Christoph organization: Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig – sequence: 3 givenname: Lennart surname: Lingener fullname: Lingener, Lennart organization: SC DHfK Leipzig Handball – sequence: 4 givenname: Roberto surname: Falz fullname: Falz, Roberto organization: Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig – sequence: 5 givenname: Stefan surname: Kwast fullname: Kwast, Stefan organization: Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig – sequence: 6 givenname: Antina surname: Schulze fullname: Schulze, Antina organization: Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig – sequence: 7 givenname: Martin surname: Busse fullname: Busse, Martin organization: Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1111_edt_12809 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm13051328 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jesf_2022_12_004 |
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Keywords | Improved activation symmetry Concurrent activation potentiation Performance enhancing effects Remote voluntary contraction |
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Snippet | Background
Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a... Abstract Background Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which... BackgroundSome studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a... |
SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest crossref springer |
SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Publisher |
SubjectTerms | Medicine Medicine & Public Health Muscle function Original Original Research Article Sports Medicine |
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Title | The Influence of Customized Mouthguards on the Muscular Activity of the Masticatory Muscles at Maximum Bite and Motor Performance During Static and Dynamic Exercises |
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