Prediction of Cognitive Decline in Normal Elderly Subjects with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose/Positron-Emission Tomography (FDG/PET)
Neuropathology studies show that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease typically have lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus (Hip), and temporal neocortex. Related observations with in vivo imaging have enabled the prediction of dementia from MCI. Alt...
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| Published in | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 98; no. 19; pp. 10966 - 10971 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Washington
National Academy of Sciences
11.09.2001
National Acad Sciences The National Academy of Sciences |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
| DOI | 10.1073/pnas.191044198 |
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| Abstract | Neuropathology studies show that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease typically have lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus (Hip), and temporal neocortex. Related observations with in vivo imaging have enabled the prediction of dementia from MCI. Although individuals with normal cognition may have focal EC lesions, this anatomy has not been studied as a predictor of cognitive decline and brain change. The objective of this MRI-guided 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose/positron-emission tomography (FDG/PET) study was to examine the hypothesis that among normal elderly subjects, EC METglu reductions predict decline and the involvement of the Hip and neocortex. In a 3-year longitudinal study of 48 healthy normal elderly, 12 individuals (mean age 72) demonstrated cognitive decline (11 to MCI and 1 to Alzheimer's disease). Nondeclining controls were matched on apolipoprotein E genotype, age, education, and gender. At baseline, metabolic reductions in the EC accurately predicted the conversion from normal to MCI. Among those who declined, the baseline EC predicted longitudinal memory and temporal neocortex metabolic reductions. At follow-up, those who declined showed memory impairment and hypometabolism in temporal lobe neocortex and Hip. Among those subjects who declined, apolipoprotein E E4 carriers showed marked longitudinal temporal neocortex reductions. In summary, these data suggest that an EC stage of brain involvement can be detected in normal elderly that predicts future cognitive and brain metabolism reductions. Progressive E4-related hypometabolism may underlie the known increased susceptibility for dementia. Further study is required to estimate individual risks and to determine the physiologic basis for METglu changes detected while cognition is normal. |
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| AbstractList | Neuropathology studies show that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease typically have lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus (Hip), and temporal neocortex. Related observations with in vivo imaging have enabled the prediction of dementia from MCI. Neuropathology studies show that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease typically have lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus (Hip), and temporal neocortex. Related observations with in vivo imaging have enabled the prediction of dementia from MCI. Although individuals with normal cognition may have focal EC lesions, this anatomy has not been studied as a predictor of cognitive decline and brain change. The objective of this MRI-guided 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose/positron-emission tomography (FDG/PET) study was to examine the hypothesis that among normal elderly subjects, EC METglu reductions predict decline and the involvement of the Hip and neocortex. In a 3-year longitudinal study of 48 healthy normal elderly, 12 individuals (mean age 72) demonstrated cognitive decline (11 to MCI and 1 to Alzheimer's disease). Nondeclining controls were matched on apolipoprotein E genotype, age, education, and gender. At baseline, metabolic reductions in the EC accurately predicted the conversion from normal to MCI. Among those who declined, the baseline EC predicted longitudinal memory and temporal neocortex metabolic reductions. At follow-up, those who declined showed memory impairment and hypometabolism in temporal lobe neocortex and Hip. Among those subjects who declined, apolipoprotein E E4 carriers showed marked longitudinal temporal neocortex reductions. In summary, these data suggest that an EC stage of brain involvement can be detected in normal elderly that predicts future cognitive and brain metabolism reductions. Progressive E4-related hypometabolism may underlie the known increased susceptibility for dementia. Further study is required to estimate individual risks and to determine the physiologic basis for METglu changes detected while cognition is normal. Neuropathology studies show that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease typically have lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus (Hip), and temporal neocortex. Related observations with in vivo imaging have enabled the prediction of dementia from MCI. Although individuals with normal cognition may have focal EC lesions, this anatomy has not been studied as a predictor of cognitive decline and brain change. The objective of this MRI-guided 2-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-deoxy- d -glucose/positron-emission tomography (FDG/PET) study was to examine the hypothesis that among normal elderly subjects, EC METglu reductions predict decline and the involvement of the Hip and neocortex. In a 3-year longitudinal study of 48 healthy normal elderly, 12 individuals (mean age 72) demonstrated cognitive decline (11 to MCI and 1 to Alzheimer's disease). Nondeclining controls were matched on apolipoprotein E genotype, age, education, and gender. At baseline, metabolic reductions in the EC accurately predicted the conversion from normal to MCI. Among those who declined, the baseline EC predicted longitudinal memory and temporal neocortex metabolic reductions. At follow-up, those who declined showed memory impairment and hypometabolism in temporal lobe neocortex and Hip. Among those subjects who declined, apolipoprotein E E4 carriers showed marked longitudinal temporal neocortex reductions. In summary, these data suggest that an EC stage of brain involvement can be detected in normal elderly that predicts future cognitive and brain metabolism reductions. Progressive E4-related hypometabolism may underlie the known increased susceptibility for dementia. Further study is required to estimate individual risks and to determine the physiologic basis for METglu changes detected while cognition is normal. Neuropathology studies show that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease typically have lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus (Hip), and temporal neocortex. Related observations with in vivo imaging have enabled the prediction of dementia from MCI. Although individuals with normal cognition may have focal EC lesions, this anatomy has not been studied as a predictor of cognitive decline and brain change. The objective of this MRI-guided 2-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-deoxy- d -glucose/positron-emission tomography (FDG/PET) study was to examine the hypothesis that among normal elderly subjects, EC METglu reductions predict decline and the involvement of the Hip and neocortex. In a 3-year longitudinal study of 48 healthy normal elderly, 12 individuals (mean age 72) demonstrated cognitive decline (11 to MCI and 1 to Alzheimer's disease). Nondeclining controls were matched on apolipoprotein E genotype, age, education, and gender. At baseline, metabolic reductions in the EC accurately predicted the conversion from normal to MCI. Among those who declined, the baseline EC predicted longitudinal memory and temporal neocortex metabolic reductions. At follow-up, those who declined showed memory impairment and hypometabolism in temporal lobe neocortex and Hip. Among those subjects who declined, apolipoprotein E E4 carriers showed marked longitudinal temporal neocortex reductions. In summary, these data suggest that an EC stage of brain involvement can be detected in normal elderly that predicts future cognitive and brain metabolism reductions. Progressive E4-related hypometabolism may underlie the known increased susceptibility for dementia. Further study is required to estimate individual risks and to determine the physiologic basis for METglu changes detected while cognition is normal. |
| Author | Fowler, J. Imossi, A. Convit, A. Bobinski, M. de Leon, M. J. Tsui, W. Caraos, C. Poirier, J. Lesbre, P. Schlyer, D. Tarshish, C. Y. DeSanti, S. Wolf, O. T. Roche, A. Kandil, E. Thorn, E. Reisberg, B. Scherer, A. J. Rusinek, H. |
| AuthorAffiliation | New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; † Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962; § University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf D-40225, Germany; ¶ Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; and ‖ McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H IR3 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; † Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962; § University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf D-40225, Germany; ¶ Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; and ‖ McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H IR3 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M. J. surname: de Leon fullname: de Leon, M. J. – sequence: 2 givenname: A. surname: Convit fullname: Convit, A. – sequence: 3 givenname: O. T. surname: Wolf fullname: Wolf, O. T. – sequence: 4 givenname: C. Y. surname: Tarshish fullname: Tarshish, C. Y. – sequence: 5 givenname: S. surname: DeSanti fullname: DeSanti, S. – sequence: 6 givenname: H. surname: Rusinek fullname: Rusinek, H. – sequence: 7 givenname: W. surname: Tsui fullname: Tsui, W. – sequence: 8 givenname: E. surname: Kandil fullname: Kandil, E. – sequence: 9 givenname: A. J. surname: Scherer fullname: Scherer, A. J. – sequence: 10 givenname: A. surname: Roche fullname: Roche, A. – sequence: 11 givenname: A. surname: Imossi fullname: Imossi, A. – sequence: 12 givenname: E. surname: Thorn fullname: Thorn, E. – sequence: 13 givenname: M. surname: Bobinski fullname: Bobinski, M. – sequence: 14 givenname: C. surname: Caraos fullname: Caraos, C. – sequence: 15 givenname: P. surname: Lesbre fullname: Lesbre, P. – sequence: 16 givenname: D. surname: Schlyer fullname: Schlyer, D. – sequence: 17 givenname: J. surname: Poirier fullname: Poirier, J. – sequence: 18 givenname: B. surname: Reisberg fullname: Reisberg, B. – sequence: 19 givenname: J. surname: Fowler fullname: Fowler, J. |
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| SubjectTerms | Alzheimer's disease Biological Sciences Cognitive ability Dementia Dementia disorders Frontal lobe Imaging Magnetic resonance imaging Memory Neocortex Neurology Older adults Older people Positron emission tomography Predictions Temporal lobe |
| Title | Prediction of Cognitive Decline in Normal Elderly Subjects with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose/Positron-Emission Tomography (FDG/PET) |
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