Array-based analysis of SARS-CoV-2, other coronaviruses, and influenza antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients

• Published in: Biosensors & bioelectronics Vol. 169; p. 112643
• Main Authors: Steiner, Daniel J., Cognetti, John S., Luta, Ethan P., Klose, Alanna M., Bucukovski, Joseph, Bryan, Michael R., Schmuke, Jon J., Nguyen-Contant, Phuong, Sangster, Mark Y., Topham, David J., Miller, Benjamin L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier B.V 01.12.2020
• Subjects: Antibodies, Viral - blood; antibody detection; Antigen microarray; antigens; Betacoronavirus - isolation & purification; Biosensing Techniques - instrumentation; Biosensing Techniques - methods; biosensors; Coronavirus; Coronavirus - isolation & purification; Coronavirus Infections - blood; Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis; Coronavirus Infections - virology; COVID-19; COVID-19 infection; Equipment Design; HEK293 Cells; Humans; influenza; Influenza A virus - isolation & purification; Influenza virus; Influenza, Human - blood; Influenza, Human - diagnosis; Influenza, Human - virology; Label-free biosensor; microarray technology; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - isolation & purification; monitoring; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral - blood; Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis; Pneumonia, Viral - virology; Protein Array Analysis - instrumentation; Protein Array Analysis - methods; reflectometry; SARS Virus - isolation & purification; SARS-CoV-2; Sensitivity and Specificity; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; vaccine development; Antigen microarray; SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus; Label-free biosensor; Influenza virus
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112643
• ISSN: 0956-5663; 1873-4235

Detection of antibodies to upper respiratory pathogens is critical to surveillance, assessment of the immune status of individuals, vaccine development, and basic biology. The urgent need for antibody detection tools has proven particularly acute in the COVID-19 era. We report a multiplex label-free antigen microarray on the Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry (AIR) platform for detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS, three circulating coronavirus strains (HKU1, 229E, OC43) and three strains of influenza. We find that the array is readily able to distinguish uninfected from convalescent COVID-19 subjects, and provides quantitative information about total Ig, as well as IgG- and IgM-specific responses. •Antibody detection is key to addressing COVID-19 and other upper respiratory diseases.•We describe an arrayed sensor for COVID-19, other coronaviruses, and influenza.•The sensor can quantify antibody responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients.•Quantitative results are consistent with gold-standard ELISA assays.