The Pathogen Profile of a Honey Bee Queen Does Not Reflect That of Her Workers
Throughout a honey bee queen's lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen's pathogen profile may be representative of the work...
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| Published in | Insects (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 6; p. 382 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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20.06.2020
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| Abstract | Throughout a honey bee queen's lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen's pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (
= 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 10
genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (
= 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen. |
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| AbstractList | Throughout a honey bee queen's lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen's pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (
= 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 10
genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (
= 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen. Throughout a honey bee queen’s lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen’s pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers ( n = 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 10 6 genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens ( n = 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen. Throughout a honey bee queen’s lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen’s pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (n = 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 106 genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (n = 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen. Throughout a honey bee queen's lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen's pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (n = 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 106 genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (n = 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen.Throughout a honey bee queen's lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen's pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (n = 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 106 genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (n = 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen. |
| Author | Goblirsch, Michael Spivak, Marla McDermott, Erin Tarpy, David R Kevill, Jessica L Lee, Katie Schroeder, Declan C |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Area, Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Research Laboratory, 810 Highway 26 W., Poplarville, MS 39470, USA 2 Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave, Suite 219, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; leex1444@umn.edu (K.L.); michael.goblirsch@usda.gov (M.G.); spiva001@umn.edu (M.S.) 4 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; eemcderm@ncsu.edu (E.M.); drtarpy@ncsu.edu (D.R.T.) 1 Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave., St Paul, MN 55108, USA 5 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6LA, UK |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 5 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6LA, UK – name: 2 Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave, Suite 219, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; leex1444@umn.edu (K.L.); michael.goblirsch@usda.gov (M.G.); spiva001@umn.edu (M.S.) – name: 3 United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Area, Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Research Laboratory, 810 Highway 26 W., Poplarville, MS 39470, USA – name: 4 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; eemcderm@ncsu.edu (E.M.); drtarpy@ncsu.edu (D.R.T.) – name: 1 Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave., St Paul, MN 55108, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jessica L orcidid: 0000-0001-7367-4338 surname: Kevill fullname: Kevill, Jessica L organization: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave., St Paul, MN 55108, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Katie surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Katie organization: Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave, Suite 219, St Paul, MN 55108, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Michael orcidid: 0000-0002-5448-8350 surname: Goblirsch fullname: Goblirsch, Michael organization: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Area, Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Research Laboratory, 810 Highway 26 W., Poplarville, MS 39470, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Erin surname: McDermott fullname: McDermott, Erin organization: Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: David R orcidid: 0000-0001-8601-6094 surname: Tarpy fullname: Tarpy, David R organization: Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Marla orcidid: 0000-0002-6822-3636 surname: Spivak fullname: Spivak, Marla organization: Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave, Suite 219, St Paul, MN 55108, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Declan C orcidid: 0000-0001-5991-2838 surname: Schroeder fullname: Schroeder, Declan C organization: School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6LA, UK |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32575712$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_80525_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00265_021_03092_3 crossref_primary_10_3390_insects12010060 crossref_primary_10_1080_00218839_2023_2284034 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_virusres_2022_198878 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13061074 crossref_primary_10_3390_vetsci7040159 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbiotec_2023_01_009 |
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| Copyright | 2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2020 by the authors. 2020 |
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| Keywords | DWV honey bees pathogens queen bees horizontal transmission Nosema LSV |
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| SubjectTerms | Apis mellifera Bees Colonies DWV Exchanging Food Genomes Honey honey bees horizontal transmission Infections LSV Nosema Paralysis Parasites Pathogens queen bees Queens Trypanosome Viral infections Viruses Workers (insect caste) |
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| Title | The Pathogen Profile of a Honey Bee Queen Does Not Reflect That of Her Workers |
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