Toxicoepidemiology of acute poisoning cases in a secondary care hospital in rural South India: A five-year analysis

• Published in: Journal of postgraduate medicine Vol. 61; no. 3; pp. 159 - 162
• Main Authors: Indu, T H, Raja, D, Ponnusankar, S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01.07.2015; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Distribution; Epidemiology; Fatalities; Female; Forecasts and trends; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Incidence; India - epidemiology; Infant; Male; Medical research; Middle Aged; Mortality; Original; Pesticides; Pesticides - toxicity; Poisoning; Poisoning - diagnosis; Poisoning - mortality; Retrospective Studies; Rural health; Rural Population - statistics & numerical data; Socioeconomic Factors; Toxicology; Young Adult; India
• DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.159310
• ISSN: 0022-3859

To ascertain the trend of poisoning cases admitted to the Government District Headquarters Hospital, a secondary care center in Udhagamandalam, Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, India, over a five-year period. The number of cases that presented to the hospital annually (incidence, mortality, and case fatality rates), socio-demographic pattern, and the nature of the poison were noted. A total of 1860 poisoning cases (80 deaths) were reported during the period from October 2008 to September 2013. The incidence of poisoning was found to increase every year. The average incidence was 1.60 per 1000 population, while the average case fatality rate and mortality rates were 40.51 and 0.07, respectively. A total of 1148 (62%) were males. The majority of cases were seen in the 21-30 age group (41.24%). The poisonings were largely deliberate self-harm (n = 1,755; 94.35%), followed by accidental (n = 85; 4.57%). Agrochemicals were the main choice of poisoning agents and among these, organophosphates were the major cause. The data generated can help policy makers take decisions on the sale and availability of pesticides in this region.