Interhemispheric inhibition of corticospinal projections to forearm muscles

Highlights • Elicitation of interhemispheric inhibition is demonstrated for projections to muscles that flex and extend the wrist. • The degree of inhibition is a monotonic function of conditioning stimulus intensity. • Inhibition was most pronounced at an inter-stimulus interval of 10 ms.

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Published inClinical neurophysiology Vol. 126; no. 10; pp. 1934 - 1940
Main Authors Ibey, R.J, Bolton, D.A.E, Buick, A.R, Staines, W.R, Carson, R.G
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.10.2015
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Abstract Highlights • Elicitation of interhemispheric inhibition is demonstrated for projections to muscles that flex and extend the wrist. • The degree of inhibition is a monotonic function of conditioning stimulus intensity. • Inhibition was most pronounced at an inter-stimulus interval of 10 ms.
AbstractList Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is typically examined via responses elicited in intrinsic hand muscles. As the cortical representations of proximal and distal muscles in the upper limb are distinguished in terms of their inter-hemispheric projections, we sought to determine whether the IHI parameters established for the hand apply more generally. We investigated IHI at 5 different conditioning stimulus (CS) intensities and a range of short-latency inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) in healthy participants. Conditioning and test stimuli were delivered over the M1 representation of the right and left flexor carpi radialis respectively. IHI increased as a function of CS intensity, and was present for ISIs between 7 and 15ms. Inhibition was most pronounced for the 10ms ISI at all CS intensities. The range of parameters for which IHI is elicited in projections to the forearm is similar to that reported for the hand. The specific utility lies in delineation of stimulus parameters that permit both potentiation and attenuation of IHI to be assessed. In light of evidence that there is a greater density of callosal projections between cortical areas that represent proximal muscles than between those corresponding to distal limb muscles, and in view of the assumption that variations in functional connectivity to which such differences give rise may have important implications for motor behavior, it is critical to determine whether processes mediating the expression of IHI depend on the effector that is studied. This issue is of further broad significance given the practical utility of movements generated by muscles proximal to the wrist in the context of upper limb rehabilitation.
•Elicitation of interhemispheric inhibition is demonstrated for projections to muscles that flex and extend the wrist.•The degree of inhibition is a monotonic function of conditioning stimulus intensity.•Inhibition was most pronounced at an inter-stimulus interval of 10ms. Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is typically examined via responses elicited in intrinsic hand muscles. As the cortical representations of proximal and distal muscles in the upper limb are distinguished in terms of their inter-hemispheric projections, we sought to determine whether the IHI parameters established for the hand apply more generally. We investigated IHI at 5 different conditioning stimulus (CS) intensities and a range of short-latency inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) in healthy participants. Conditioning and test stimuli were delivered over the M1 representation of the right and left flexor carpi radialis respectively. IHI increased as a function of CS intensity, and was present for ISIs between 7 and 15ms. Inhibition was most pronounced for the 10ms ISI at all CS intensities. The range of parameters for which IHI is elicited in projections to the forearm is similar to that reported for the hand. The specific utility lies in delineation of stimulus parameters that permit both potentiation and attenuation of IHI to be assessed. In light of evidence that there is a greater density of callosal projections between cortical areas that represent proximal muscles than between those corresponding to distal limb muscles, and in view of the assumption that variations in functional connectivity to which such differences give rise may have important implications for motor behavior, it is critical to determine whether processes mediating the expression of IHI depend on the effector that is studied. This issue is of further broad significance given the practical utility of movements generated by muscles proximal to the wrist in the context of upper limb rehabilitation.
Highlights • Elicitation of interhemispheric inhibition is demonstrated for projections to muscles that flex and extend the wrist. • The degree of inhibition is a monotonic function of conditioning stimulus intensity. • Inhibition was most pronounced at an inter-stimulus interval of 10 ms.
OBJECTIVEInterhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is typically examined via responses elicited in intrinsic hand muscles. As the cortical representations of proximal and distal muscles in the upper limb are distinguished in terms of their inter-hemispheric projections, we sought to determine whether the IHI parameters established for the hand apply more generally.METHODSWe investigated IHI at 5 different conditioning stimulus (CS) intensities and a range of short-latency inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) in healthy participants. Conditioning and test stimuli were delivered over the M1 representation of the right and left flexor carpi radialis respectively.RESULTSIHI increased as a function of CS intensity, and was present for ISIs between 7 and 15ms. Inhibition was most pronounced for the 10ms ISI at all CS intensities.CONCLUSIONSThe range of parameters for which IHI is elicited in projections to the forearm is similar to that reported for the hand. The specific utility lies in delineation of stimulus parameters that permit both potentiation and attenuation of IHI to be assessed.SIGNIFICANCEIn light of evidence that there is a greater density of callosal projections between cortical areas that represent proximal muscles than between those corresponding to distal limb muscles, and in view of the assumption that variations in functional connectivity to which such differences give rise may have important implications for motor behavior, it is critical to determine whether processes mediating the expression of IHI depend on the effector that is studied. This issue is of further broad significance given the practical utility of movements generated by muscles proximal to the wrist in the context of upper limb rehabilitation.
Author Bolton, D.A.E
Staines, W.R
Carson, R.G
Ibey, R.J
Buick, A.R
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Issue 10
Keywords Interhemispheric inhibition
Electromyography
Upper limb
Proximal muscles
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Language English
License Copyright © 2014 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Snippet Highlights • Elicitation of interhemispheric inhibition is demonstrated for projections to muscles that flex and extend the wrist. • The degree of inhibition...
•Elicitation of interhemispheric inhibition is demonstrated for projections to muscles that flex and extend the wrist.•The degree of inhibition is a monotonic...
Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is typically examined via responses elicited in intrinsic hand muscles. As the cortical representations of proximal and...
OBJECTIVEInterhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is typically examined via responses elicited in intrinsic hand muscles. As the cortical representations of proximal...
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StartPage 1934
SubjectTerms Adult
Electromyography
Electromyography - methods
Evoked Potentials, Motor - physiology
Female
Forearm - innervation
Forearm - physiology
Humans
Interhemispheric inhibition
Motor Cortex - physiology
Neural Inhibition - physiology
Neurology
Proximal muscles
Pyramidal Tracts - physiology
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - methods
Upper limb
Young Adult
Title Interhemispheric inhibition of corticospinal projections to forearm muscles
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S1388245714008505
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2014.12.006
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25561164
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1713944448
Volume 126
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