Instantaneous emissions models set in GIS for the TRANSIMS outputs

• Published in: Transportation research. Part D, Transport and environment Vol. 33; pp. 155 - 165
• Main Authors: Hernández-Moreno, Adolfo, Mugica-Álvarez, Violeta
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier India Pvt Ltd 01.12.2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Atmospheric pollution; Emission; Exact sciences and technology; Fuel consumption; Geographic information systems; GIS; Ground, air and sea transportation, marine construction; Instantaneous emission model; Mathematical models; Pollution; Pollution sources. Measurement results; Roads; Temporal distribution; TRANSIMS; Transports; Vehicle emissions; Vehicles; Central America; Mexico; America; Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico City; GIS; TRANSIMS; Instantaneous emission model; Vehicle emissions; Methodology; Road vehicle; Transportation; Theoretical study; Road network; Fuel consumption; Pollutant emission; Modeling; Regression model; Geographic information system; Environment impact; Application
• ISSN: 1361-9209; 1879-2340
• DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2014.06.002

•A GIS tool of instantaneous emissions model (IEM) was developed.•IEM tool transfers traffic simulation’ benefits to pollutant emission estimations.•Detailed maps of spatial and temporal distribution of emissions were obtained.•Hot-spots of pollutant emissions to microscale level can be identified.•Results can be applied for air quality studies and policies, and risk analysis. A novel methodology that provides more detailed estimates of vehicular polluting emissions is offered, in order to contribute to the improvement and the precision of emission inventories of vehicle sources through the consideration of instantaneous speed changes or acceleration instead of average vehicular speeds. This paper presents the construction and application of an instantaneous emissions model designated hereunder as “Transims’s Snapshots-Based Emissions”, which is set on a Geographic Information System that incorporates instantaneous fuel consumption factors and fuel-based emission factors to attain highest resolution of both, spatial and temporal distribution of vehicular polluting emissions based on traffic simulation through cellular automata with TRANSIMS. This work was applied to the road network of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area as case study. The development of this powerful tool led to obtaining 86,400 maps of the spatial and temporal distribution of vehicular emissions per vehicle circulating on the road network, including the following pollutants: carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, total hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, black carbon, particles PM10 and PM2.5. The said maps allowed identification with highest level of detail, of the emissions and Hot-spots of fuel consumption. Also, the model permitted to obtain the emissions’ longitudinal profiles of a given vehicle along its route. This study shows that the integration method of the polynomial regression models represents an opportunity for each city to develop more easily and openly its own regional emissions models without requiring deeper programming knowledge.