Avian Influenza A Virus Pandemic Preparedness and Vaccine Development

Influenza A viruses can infect a wide range of hosts, creating opportunities for zoonotic transmission, i.e., transmission from animals to humans, and placing the human population at constant risk of potential pandemics. In the last hundred years, four influenza A virus pandemics have had a devastat...

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Published inVaccines (Basel) Vol. 6; no. 3; p. 46
Main Authors De Vries, Rory D., Herfst, Sander, Richard, Mathilde
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 25.07.2018
MDPI
Subjects
Avian flu
avian influenza A virus
Birds
Host range
Human populations
Influenza
Influenza A
pandemic
Pandemics
Review
vaccination
Vaccine development
Vaccines
Viruses
Zoonoses
zoonosis
Ankara Turkey
Turkey
avian influenza A virus
pandemic
zoonosis
vaccination
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Abstract Influenza A viruses can infect a wide range of hosts, creating opportunities for zoonotic transmission, i.e., transmission from animals to humans, and placing the human population at constant risk of potential pandemics. In the last hundred years, four influenza A virus pandemics have had a devastating effect, especially the 1918 influenza pandemic that took the lives of at least 40 million people. There is a constant risk that currently circulating avian influenza A viruses (e.g., H5N1, H7N9) will cause a new pandemic. Vaccines are the cornerstone in preparing for and combating potential pandemics. Despite exceptional advances in the design and development of (pre-)pandemic vaccines, there are still serious challenges to overcome, mainly caused by intrinsic characteristics of influenza A viruses: Rapid evolution and a broad host range combined with maintenance in animal reservoirs, making it near impossible to predict the nature and source of the next pandemic virus. Here, recent advances in the development of vaccination strategies to prepare against a pandemic virus coming from the avian reservoir will be discussed. Furthermore, remaining challenges will be addressed, setting the agenda for future research in the development of new vaccination strategies against potentially pandemic influenza A viruses.
AbstractList Influenza A viruses can infect a wide range of hosts, creating opportunities for zoonotic transmission, i.e., transmission from animals to humans, and placing the human population at constant risk of potential pandemics. In the last hundred years, four influenza A virus pandemics have had a devastating effect, especially the 1918 influenza pandemic that took the lives of at least 40 million people. There is a constant risk that currently circulating avian influenza A viruses (e.g., H5N1, H7N9) will cause a new pandemic. Vaccines are the cornerstone in preparing for and combating potential pandemics. Despite exceptional advances in the design and development of (pre-)pandemic vaccines, there are still serious challenges to overcome, mainly caused by intrinsic characteristics of influenza A viruses: Rapid evolution and a broad host range combined with maintenance in animal reservoirs, making it near impossible to predict the nature and source of the next pandemic virus. Here, recent advances in the development of vaccination strategies to prepare against a pandemic virus coming from the avian reservoir will be discussed. Furthermore, remaining challenges will be addressed, setting the agenda for future research in the development of new vaccination strategies against potentially pandemic influenza A viruses.Influenza A viruses can infect a wide range of hosts, creating opportunities for zoonotic transmission, i.e., transmission from animals to humans, and placing the human population at constant risk of potential pandemics. In the last hundred years, four influenza A virus pandemics have had a devastating effect, especially the 1918 influenza pandemic that took the lives of at least 40 million people. There is a constant risk that currently circulating avian influenza A viruses (e.g., H5N1, H7N9) will cause a new pandemic. Vaccines are the cornerstone in preparing for and combating potential pandemics. Despite exceptional advances in the design and development of (pre-)pandemic vaccines, there are still serious challenges to overcome, mainly caused by intrinsic characteristics of influenza A viruses: Rapid evolution and a broad host range combined with maintenance in animal reservoirs, making it near impossible to predict the nature and source of the next pandemic virus. Here, recent advances in the development of vaccination strategies to prepare against a pandemic virus coming from the avian reservoir will be discussed. Furthermore, remaining challenges will be addressed, setting the agenda for future research in the development of new vaccination strategies against potentially pandemic influenza A viruses.
Influenza A viruses can infect a wide range of hosts, creating opportunities for zoonotic transmission, i.e., transmission from animals to humans, and placing the human population at constant risk of potential pandemics. In the last hundred years, four influenza A virus pandemics have had a devastating effect, especially the 1918 influenza pandemic that took the lives of at least 40 million people. There is a constant risk that currently circulating avian influenza A viruses (e.g., H5N1, H7N9) will cause a new pandemic. Vaccines are the cornerstone in preparing for and combating potential pandemics. Despite exceptional advances in the design and development of (pre-)pandemic vaccines, there are still serious challenges to overcome, mainly caused by intrinsic characteristics of influenza A viruses: Rapid evolution and a broad host range combined with maintenance in animal reservoirs, making it near impossible to predict the nature and source of the next pandemic virus. Here, recent advances in the development of vaccination strategies to prepare against a pandemic virus coming from the avian reservoir will be discussed. Furthermore, remaining challenges will be addressed, setting the agenda for future research in the development of new vaccination strategies against potentially pandemic influenza A viruses.
Author Herfst, Sander
De Vries, Rory D.
Richard, Mathilde
AuthorAffiliation Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, P.O. Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; r.d.devries@erasmusmc.nl (R.D.d.V.); m.richard@erasmusmc.nl (M.R.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, P.O. Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; r.d.devries@erasmusmc.nl (R.D.d.V.); m.richard@erasmusmc.nl (M.R.)
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30044370$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords avian influenza A virus
pandemic
zoonosis
vaccination
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  article-title: Cross-protectiveness and immunogenicity of influenza A/Duck/Singapore/3/97(H5) vaccines against infection with A/Vietnam/1203/04(H5N1) virus in ferrets
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1086/507709
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Snippet Influenza A viruses can infect a wide range of hosts, creating opportunities for zoonotic transmission, i.e., transmission from animals to humans, and placing...
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StartPage 46
SubjectTerms Avian flu
avian influenza A virus
Birds
Host range
Human populations
Influenza
Influenza A
pandemic
Pandemics
Review
vaccination
Vaccine development
Vaccines
Viruses
Zoonoses
zoonosis
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Title Avian Influenza A Virus Pandemic Preparedness and Vaccine Development
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30044370
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