Autophagy Regulates Homeostasis of Pluripotency‐Associated Proteins in hESCs
The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency‐associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of protein homeostasis for pluripotency remain elusive. Here, we first demonstrate th...
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| Published in | Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) Vol. 32; no. 2; pp. 424 - 435 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Oxford University Press
01.02.2014
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency‐associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of protein homeostasis for pluripotency remain elusive. Here, we first demonstrate that autophagy acts together with the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) to modulate the levels of PA proteins in human ESCs (hESCs). Autophagy inhibition impaired the pluripotency despite increment of PA proteins in hESCs. Immunogold‐electron microscopy confirmed localization of OCT4 molecules within autophagosomes. Also, knockdown of LC3 expression led to accumulation of PA proteins and reduction of pluripotency in hESCs. Interestingly, autophagy and the UPS showed differential kinetics in the degradation of PA proteins. Autophagy inhibition caused enhanced accumulation of both cytoplasmic and nuclear PA proteins, whereas the UPS inhibition led to preferentially degrade nuclear PA proteins. Our findings suggest that autophagy modulates homeostasis of PA proteins, providing a new insight in the regulation of pluripotency in hESCs. Stem Cells 2014;32:424–435 |
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| AbstractList | The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency-associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of protein homeostasis for pluripotency remain elusive. Here, we first demonstrate that autophagy acts together with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to modulate the levels of PA proteins in human ESCs (hESCs). Autophagy inhibition impaired the pluripotency despite increment of PA proteins in hESCs. Immunogold-electron microscopy confirmed localization of OCT4 molecules within autophagosomes. Also, knockdown of LC3 expression led to accumulation of PA proteins and reduction of pluripotency in hESCs. Interestingly, autophagy and the UPS showed differential kinetics in the degradation of PA proteins. Autophagy inhibition caused enhanced accumulation of both cytoplasmic and nuclear PA proteins, whereas the UPS inhibition led to preferentially degrade nuclear PA proteins. Our findings suggest that autophagy modulates homeostasis of PA proteins, providing a new insight in the regulation of pluripotency in hESCs. Stem Cells 2014; 32:424-435 The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency-associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of protein homeostasis for pluripotency remain elusive. Here, we first demonstrate that autophagy acts together with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to modulate the levels of PA proteins in human ESCs (hESCs). Autophagy inhibition impaired the pluripotency despite increment of PA proteins in hESCs. Immunogold-electron microscopy confirmed localization of OCT4 molecules within autophagosomes. Also, knockdown of LC3 expression led to accumulation of PA proteins and reduction of pluripotency in hESCs. Interestingly, autophagy and the UPS showed differential kinetics in the degradation of PA proteins. Autophagy inhibition caused enhanced accumulation of both cytoplasmic and nuclear PA proteins, whereas the UPS inhibition led to preferentially degrade nuclear PA proteins. Our findings suggest that autophagy modulates homeostasis of PA proteins, providing a new insight in the regulation of pluripotency in hESCs. Stem Cells 2014;32:424-435 [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency-associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of protein homeostasis for pluripotency remain elusive. Here, we first demonstrate that autophagy acts together with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to modulate the levels of PA proteins in human ESCs (hESCs). Autophagy inhibition impaired the pluripotency despite increment of PA proteins in hESCs. Immunogold-electron microscopy confirmed localization of OCT4 molecules within autophagosomes. Also, knockdown of LC3 expression led to accumulation of PA proteins and reduction of pluripotency in hESCs. Interestingly, autophagy and the UPS showed differential kinetics in the degradation of PA proteins. Autophagy inhibition caused enhanced accumulation of both cytoplasmic and nuclear PA proteins, whereas the UPS inhibition led to preferentially degrade nuclear PA proteins. Our findings suggest that autophagy modulates homeostasis of PA proteins, providing a new insight in the regulation of pluripotency in hESCs. Abstract The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency-associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of protein homeostasis for pluripotency remain elusive. Here, we first demonstrate that autophagy acts together with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to modulate the levels of PA proteins in human ESCs (hESCs). Autophagy inhibition impaired the pluripotency despite increment of PA proteins in hESCs. Immunogold-electron microscopy confirmed localization of OCT4 molecules within autophagosomes. Also, knockdown of LC3 expression led to accumulation of PA proteins and reduction of pluripotency in hESCs. Interestingly, autophagy and the UPS showed differential kinetics in the degradation of PA proteins. Autophagy inhibition caused enhanced accumulation of both cytoplasmic and nuclear PA proteins, whereas the UPS inhibition led to preferentially degrade nuclear PA proteins. Our findings suggest that autophagy modulates homeostasis of PA proteins, providing a new insight in the regulation of pluripotency in hESCs. Stem Cells 2014;32:424–435 |
| Author | Kim, Dongkyu Choi, Kyeng‐Won Cho, Yun‐Hee Kim, Jungho Han, Kyu‐Min Lee, Joonsun Lee, Sang‐Hee Han, Yong‐Mahn |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24170349$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency‐associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and... The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency-associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4, SOX2, and... Abstract The pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is maintained by intracellular networks of many pluripotency-associated (PA) proteins such as OCT4,... |
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| SubjectTerms | Autophagy Autophagy - genetics Cell culture Cell Line Cell signaling Embryo cells Embryonic stem cells Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism Homeodomain Proteins - metabolism Homeostasis Humans Nanog Homeobox Protein Octamer Transcription Factor-3 - metabolism Pluripotency Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex - metabolism Proteins SOXB1 Transcription Factors - metabolism Stem cells Ubiquitin - genetics |
| Title | Autophagy Regulates Homeostasis of Pluripotency‐Associated Proteins in hESCs |
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