Viable SARS-CoV-2 in the air of a hospital room with COVID-19 patients
[Display omitted] •Viable (infectious) SARS-CoV-2 was present in aerosols within the hospital room of COVID-19 patients.•Airborne virus was detected in the absence of healthcare aerosol-generating procedures.•The virus strain detected in the aerosols matched with the virus strain isolated from a pat...
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| Published in | International journal of infectious diseases Vol. 100; pp. 476 - 482 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Canada
Elsevier Ltd
01.11.2020
The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | [Display omitted]
•Viable (infectious) SARS-CoV-2 was present in aerosols within the hospital room of COVID-19 patients.•Airborne virus was detected in the absence of healthcare aerosol-generating procedures.•The virus strain detected in the aerosols matched with the virus strain isolated from a patient with acute COVID-19.
Because the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial controversy whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted through aerosols. This conundrum occurs because common air samplers can inactivate virions through their harsh collection processes. We sought to resolve the question whether viable SARS-CoV-2 can occur in aerosols using VIVAS air samplers that operate on a gentle water vapor condensation principle.
Air samples collected in the hospital room of two coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients, one ready for discharge and the other newly admitted, were subjected to RT-qPCR and virus culture. The genomes of the SARS-CoV-2 collected from the air and isolated in cell culture were sequenced.
Viable SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from air samples collected 2 to 4.8 m away from the patients. The genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated from the material collected by the air samplers was identical to that isolated from the newly admitted patient. Estimates of viable viral concentrations ranged from 6 to 74 TCID50 units/L of air.
Patients with respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 produce aerosols in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures that contain viable SARS-CoV-2, and these aerosols may serve as a source of transmission of the virus. |
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| AbstractList | Objectives: Because the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial controversy whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted through aerosols. This conundrum occurs because common air samplers can inactivate virions through their harsh collection processes. We sought to resolve the question whether viable SARS-CoV-2 can occur in aerosols using VIVAS air samplers that operate on a gentle water vapor condensation principle. Methods: Air samples collected in the hospital room of two coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients, one ready for discharge and the other newly admitted, were subjected to RT-qPCR and virus culture. The genomes of the SARS-CoV-2 collected from the air and isolated in cell culture were sequenced. Results: Viable SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from air samples collected 2 to 4.8 m away from the patients. The genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated from the material collected by the air samplers was identical to that isolated from the newly admitted patient. Estimates of viable viral concentrations ranged from 6 to 74 TCID50 units/L of air. Conclusions: Patients with respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 produce aerosols in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures that contain viable SARS-CoV-2, and these aerosols may serve as a source of transmission of the virus. [Display omitted] •Viable (infectious) SARS-CoV-2 was present in aerosols within the hospital room of COVID-19 patients.•Airborne virus was detected in the absence of healthcare aerosol-generating procedures.•The virus strain detected in the aerosols matched with the virus strain isolated from a patient with acute COVID-19. Because the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial controversy whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted through aerosols. This conundrum occurs because common air samplers can inactivate virions through their harsh collection processes. We sought to resolve the question whether viable SARS-CoV-2 can occur in aerosols using VIVAS air samplers that operate on a gentle water vapor condensation principle. Air samples collected in the hospital room of two coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients, one ready for discharge and the other newly admitted, were subjected to RT-qPCR and virus culture. The genomes of the SARS-CoV-2 collected from the air and isolated in cell culture were sequenced. Viable SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from air samples collected 2 to 4.8 m away from the patients. The genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated from the material collected by the air samplers was identical to that isolated from the newly admitted patient. Estimates of viable viral concentrations ranged from 6 to 74 TCID50 units/L of air. Patients with respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 produce aerosols in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures that contain viable SARS-CoV-2, and these aerosols may serve as a source of transmission of the virus. Because the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial controversy whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted through aerosols. This conundrum occurs because common air samplers can inactivate virions through their harsh collection processes. We sought to resolve the question whether viable SARS-CoV-2 can occur in aerosols using VIVAS air samplers that operate on a gentle water vapor condensation principle.OBJECTIVESBecause the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial controversy whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted through aerosols. This conundrum occurs because common air samplers can inactivate virions through their harsh collection processes. We sought to resolve the question whether viable SARS-CoV-2 can occur in aerosols using VIVAS air samplers that operate on a gentle water vapor condensation principle.Air samples collected in the hospital room of two coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients, one ready for discharge and the other newly admitted, were subjected to RT-qPCR and virus culture. The genomes of the SARS-CoV-2 collected from the air and isolated in cell culture were sequenced.METHODSAir samples collected in the hospital room of two coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients, one ready for discharge and the other newly admitted, were subjected to RT-qPCR and virus culture. The genomes of the SARS-CoV-2 collected from the air and isolated in cell culture were sequenced.Viable SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from air samples collected 2 to 4.8 m away from the patients. The genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated from the material collected by the air samplers was identical to that isolated from the newly admitted patient. Estimates of viable viral concentrations ranged from 6 to 74 TCID50 units/L of air.RESULTSViable SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from air samples collected 2 to 4.8 m away from the patients. The genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated from the material collected by the air samplers was identical to that isolated from the newly admitted patient. Estimates of viable viral concentrations ranged from 6 to 74 TCID50 units/L of air.Patients with respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 produce aerosols in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures that contain viable SARS-CoV-2, and these aerosols may serve as a source of transmission of the virus.CONCLUSIONSPatients with respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 produce aerosols in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures that contain viable SARS-CoV-2, and these aerosols may serve as a source of transmission of the virus. Because the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial controversy whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted through aerosols. This conundrum occurs because common air samplers can inactivate virions through their harsh collection processes. We sought to resolve the question whether viable SARS-CoV-2 can occur in aerosols using VIVAS air samplers that operate on a gentle water vapor condensation principle. Air samples collected in the hospital room of two coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients, one ready for discharge and the other newly admitted, were subjected to RT-qPCR and virus culture. The genomes of the SARS-CoV-2 collected from the air and isolated in cell culture were sequenced. Viable SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from air samples collected 2 to 4.8 m away from the patients. The genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated from the material collected by the air samplers was identical to that isolated from the newly admitted patient. Estimates of viable viral concentrations ranged from 6 to 74 TCID units/L of air. Patients with respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 produce aerosols in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures that contain viable SARS-CoV-2, and these aerosols may serve as a source of transmission of the virus. |
| Author | Eiguren-Fernandez, Arantza Subramaniam, Kuttichantran Tilly, Trevor B. Loeb, Julia C. Usmani, Moiz Lednicky, John A. Stephenson, Caroline J. Lauzardo, Michael Wu, Chang-Yu Jutla, Antarpreet Shankar, Sripriya Nannu Alam, Md. Mahbubul Elbadry, Maha A. Waltzek, Thomas B. Fan, Z. Hugh Gangwar, Mayank Mohamed, Karim Morris, J. Glenn Cherabuddi, Kartikeya |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: John A. surname: Lednicky fullname: Lednicky, John A. email: jlednicky@phhp.ufl.edu organization: Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Michael surname: Lauzardo fullname: Lauzardo, Michael organization: Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Z. Hugh orcidid: 0000-0002-1812-8016 surname: Fan fullname: Fan, Z. Hugh organization: Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Antarpreet surname: Jutla fullname: Jutla, Antarpreet organization: Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Trevor B. surname: Tilly fullname: Tilly, Trevor B. organization: Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Mayank surname: Gangwar fullname: Gangwar, Mayank organization: Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Moiz surname: Usmani fullname: Usmani, Moiz organization: Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Sripriya Nannu surname: Shankar fullname: Shankar, Sripriya Nannu organization: Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Karim orcidid: 0000-0002-8200-6056 surname: Mohamed fullname: Mohamed, Karim organization: J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Arantza surname: Eiguren-Fernandez fullname: Eiguren-Fernandez, Arantza organization: Aerosol Dynamics Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Caroline J. orcidid: 0000-0001-5615-4920 surname: Stephenson fullname: Stephenson, Caroline J. organization: Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: Md. Mahbubul surname: Alam fullname: Alam, Md. Mahbubul organization: Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: Maha A. surname: Elbadry fullname: Elbadry, Maha A. organization: Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: Julia C. surname: Loeb fullname: Loeb, Julia C. organization: Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 15 givenname: Kuttichantran surname: Subramaniam fullname: Subramaniam, Kuttichantran organization: Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 16 givenname: Thomas B. surname: Waltzek fullname: Waltzek, Thomas B. organization: Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 17 givenname: Kartikeya surname: Cherabuddi fullname: Cherabuddi, Kartikeya organization: Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 18 givenname: J. Glenn surname: Morris fullname: Morris, J. Glenn organization: Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, USA – sequence: 19 givenname: Chang-Yu orcidid: 0000-0002-2100-8816 surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Chang-Yu organization: Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32949774$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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•Viable (infectious) SARS-CoV-2 was present in aerosols within the hospital room of COVID-19 patients.•Airborne virus was detected in the... Because the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial controversy... Objectives: Because the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols but failure to isolate viable (infectious) virus are commonly reported, there is substantial... |
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| Title | Viable SARS-CoV-2 in the air of a hospital room with COVID-19 patients |
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