Digit ratio (2D:4D), testosterone, cortisol, aggression, personality and hand-grip strength: Evidence for prenatal effects on strength

• Published in: Early human development Vol. 100; pp. 21 - 25
• Main Authors: Ribeiro, Evaldo, Neave, Nick, Morais, Rosana Nogueiro, Kilduff, Liam, Taylor, Suzan R., Butovskaya, Marina, Fink, Bernhard, Manning, John T.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.09.2016
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Advanced Basic Science; Aggression; Aggression - physiology; Athletic Performance; Cross-Over Studies; Digit ratio; Fetal Development - physiology; Fingers - anatomy & histology; Hand Strength - physiology; Hand-grip strength; Humans; Hydrocortisone - analysis; Male; Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine; Personality - physiology; Saliva - chemistry; Sex Characteristics; Testosterone; Testosterone - analysis; United Kingdom; Young Adult; Hand-grip strength; Testosterone; Aggression; Digit ratio

Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a putative marker for prenatal testosterone and is correlated with performance in many sports. Low 2D:4D has been linked to strength but the evidence is mixed and strength is also influenced by mass, testosterone, and behavioural factors. It has been hypothesised that the 2D:4...