Should Root Plasticity Be a Crop Breeding Target?

Root phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as a target for the development of more productive crops in variable environments. However, the plasticity of root anatomical and architectural responses to environmental cues is highly complex, and the consequences of these responses for plant fitness ar...

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Published inFrontiers in plant science Vol. 11; p. 546
Main Authors Schneider, Hannah M., Lynch, Jonathan P.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 15.05.2020
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
anatomy
architecture
BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
breeding
crop
crop, ideotype
ideotype
Plant Science
plasticity
root
anatomy
root
ideotype
plasticity
crop
architecture
breeding
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Abstract Root phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as a target for the development of more productive crops in variable environments. However, the plasticity of root anatomical and architectural responses to environmental cues is highly complex, and the consequences of these responses for plant fitness are poorly understood. We propose that root phenotypic plasticity may be beneficial in natural or low-input systems in which the availability of soil resources is spatiotemporally dynamic. Crop ancestors and landraces were selected with multiple stresses, competition, significant root loss and heterogenous resource distribution which favored plasticity in response to resource availability. However, in high-input agroecosystems, the value of phenotypic plasticity is unclear, since human management has removed many of these constraints to root function. Further research is needed to understand the fitness landscape of plastic responses including understanding the value of plasticity in different environments, environmental signals that induce plastic responses, and the genetic architecture of plasticity before it is widely adopted in breeding programs. Phenotypic plasticity has many potential ecological, and physiological benefits, but its costs and adaptive value in high-input agricultural systems is poorly understood and merits further research.
AbstractList Root phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as a target for the development of more productive crops in variable environments. However, the plasticity of root anatomical and architectural responses to environmental cues is highly complex, and the consequences of these responses for plant fitness are poorly understood. We propose that root phenotypic plasticity may be beneficial in natural or low-input systems in which the availability of soil resources is spatiotemporally dynamic. Crop ancestors and landraces were selected with multiple stresses, competition, significant root loss and heterogenous resource distribution which favored plasticity in response to resource availability. However, in high-input agroecosystems, the value of phenotypic plasticity is unclear, since human management has removed many of these constraints to root function. Further research is needed to understand the fitness landscape of plastic responses including understanding the value of plasticity in different environments, environmental signals that induce plastic responses, and the genetic architecture of plasticity before it is widely adopted in breeding programs. Phenotypic plasticity has many potential ecological, and physiological benefits, but its costs and adaptive value in high-input agricultural systems is poorly understood and merits further research.
Root phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as a target for the development of more productive crops in variable environments. However, the plasticity of root anatomical and architectural responses to environmental cues is highly complex, and the consequences of these responses for plant fitness are poorly understood. We propose that root phenotypic plasticity may be beneficial in natural or low-input systems in which the availability of soil resources is spatiotemporally dynamic. Crop ancestors and landraces were selected with multiple stresses, competition, significant root loss and heterogenous resource distribution which favored plasticity in response to resource availability. However, in high-input agroecosystems, the value of phenotypic plasticity is unclear, since human management has removed many of these constraints to root function. Further research is needed to understand the fitness landscape of plastic responses including understanding the value of plasticity in different environments, environmental signals that induce plastic responses, and the genetic architecture of plasticity before it is widely adopted in breeding programs. Phenotypic plasticity has many potential ecological, and physiological benefits, but its costs and adaptive value in high-input agricultural systems is poorly understood and merits further research.Root phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as a target for the development of more productive crops in variable environments. However, the plasticity of root anatomical and architectural responses to environmental cues is highly complex, and the consequences of these responses for plant fitness are poorly understood. We propose that root phenotypic plasticity may be beneficial in natural or low-input systems in which the availability of soil resources is spatiotemporally dynamic. Crop ancestors and landraces were selected with multiple stresses, competition, significant root loss and heterogenous resource distribution which favored plasticity in response to resource availability. However, in high-input agroecosystems, the value of phenotypic plasticity is unclear, since human management has removed many of these constraints to root function. Further research is needed to understand the fitness landscape of plastic responses including understanding the value of plasticity in different environments, environmental signals that induce plastic responses, and the genetic architecture of plasticity before it is widely adopted in breeding programs. Phenotypic plasticity has many potential ecological, and physiological benefits, but its costs and adaptive value in high-input agricultural systems is poorly understood and merits further research.
Author Schneider, Hannah M.
Lynch, Jonathan P.
AuthorAffiliation Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA , United States
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32499798$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1618986$$D View this record in Osti.gov
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Keywords anatomy
root
ideotype
plasticity
crop
architecture
breeding
Language English
License Copyright © 2020 Schneider and Lynch.
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Edited by: Idupulapati Madhusudana Rao, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Colombia
Reviewed by: Hillel Fromm, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Philip Benfey, Duke University, United States
This article was submitted to Plant Abiotic Stress, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science
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Snippet Root phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as a target for the development of more productive crops in variable environments. However, the plasticity of root...
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StartPage 546
SubjectTerms anatomy
architecture
BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
breeding
crop
crop, ideotype
ideotype
Plant Science
plasticity
root
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Title Should Root Plasticity Be a Crop Breeding Target?
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