Gene expression drives local adaptation in humans
The molecular basis of adaptation—and, in particular, the relative roles of protein-coding versus gene expression changes—has long been the subject of speculation and debate. Recently, the genotyping of diverse human populations has led to the identification of many putative “local adaptations” that...
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| Published in | Genome research Vol. 23; no. 7; pp. 1089 - 1096 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
01.07.2013
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1088-9051 1549-5469 1549-5469 |
| DOI | 10.1101/gr.152710.112 |
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| Abstract | The molecular basis of adaptation—and, in particular, the relative roles of protein-coding versus gene expression changes—has long been the subject of speculation and debate. Recently, the genotyping of diverse human populations has led to the identification of many putative “local adaptations” that differ between populations. Here I show that these local adaptations are over 10-fold more likely to affect gene expression than amino acid sequence. In addition, a novel framework for identifying polygenic local adaptations detects recent positive selection on the expression levels of genes involved in UV radiation response, immune cell proliferation, and diabetes-related pathways. These results provide the first examples of polygenic gene expression adaptation in humans, as well as the first genome-scale support for the hypothesis that changes in gene expression have driven human adaptation. |
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| AbstractList | The molecular basis of adaptation—and, in particular, the relative roles of protein-coding versus gene expression changes—has long been the subject of speculation and debate. Recently, the genotyping of diverse human populations has led to the identification of many putative “local adaptations” that differ between populations. Here I show that these local adaptations are over 10-fold more likely to affect gene expression than amino acid sequence. In addition, a novel framework for identifying polygenic local adaptations detects recent positive selection on the expression levels of genes involved in UV radiation response, immune cell proliferation, and diabetes-related pathways. These results provide the first examples of polygenic gene expression adaptation in humans, as well as the first genome-scale support for the hypothesis that changes in gene expression have driven human adaptation. The molecular basis of adaptation--and, in particular, the relative roles of protein-coding versus gene expression changes--has long been the subject of speculation and debate. Recently, the genotyping of diverse human populations has led to the identification of many putative "local adaptations" that differ between populations. Here I show that these local adaptations are over 10-fold more likely to affect gene expression than amino acid sequence. In addition, a novel framework for identifying polygenic local adaptations detects recent positive selection on the expression levels of genes involved in UV radiation response, immune cell proliferation, and diabetes-related pathways. These results provide the first examples of polygenic gene expression adaptation in humans, as well as the first genome-scale support for the hypothesis that changes in gene expression have driven human adaptation.The molecular basis of adaptation--and, in particular, the relative roles of protein-coding versus gene expression changes--has long been the subject of speculation and debate. Recently, the genotyping of diverse human populations has led to the identification of many putative "local adaptations" that differ between populations. Here I show that these local adaptations are over 10-fold more likely to affect gene expression than amino acid sequence. In addition, a novel framework for identifying polygenic local adaptations detects recent positive selection on the expression levels of genes involved in UV radiation response, immune cell proliferation, and diabetes-related pathways. These results provide the first examples of polygenic gene expression adaptation in humans, as well as the first genome-scale support for the hypothesis that changes in gene expression have driven human adaptation. |
| Author | Fraser, Hunter B. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hunter B. surname: Fraser fullname: Fraser, Hunter B. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23539138$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | The molecular basis of adaptation—and, in particular, the relative roles of protein-coding versus gene expression changes—has long been the subject of... The molecular basis of adaptation--and, in particular, the relative roles of protein-coding versus gene expression changes--has long been the subject of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adaptation, Biological - genetics Cell Line DNA Damage Gene Expression Gene Expression Regulation Humans Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid Selection, Genetic |
| Title | Gene expression drives local adaptation in humans |
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