Improvement of sleep and melatonin in children with autism spectrum disorder after β‐1,3/1,6‐glucan consumption: An open‐label prospective pilot clinical study
Introduction Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β‐Glucans have previously been shown to improve melatonin levels in animal studi...
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| Published in | Brain and behavior Vol. 12; no. 9; pp. e2750 - n/a |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Los Angeles
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.09.2022
John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2162-3279 2162-3279 |
| DOI | 10.1002/brb3.2750 |
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| Abstract | Introduction
Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β‐Glucans have previously been shown to improve melatonin levels in animal studies. Herein, we examined the effectiveness of Aureobasidium pullulans (Nichi Glucan), a species of black yeast that contains beta‐1,3/1,6‐glucan, in a pilot study of children with ASD.
Methods
Thirteen children (age, 2.5–13 years) with ASD were recruited for the study. The control group consisted of four patients (Gr. 1), while nine patients were classified into the treatment group (Gr. 2). Gr. 2 received 1 g of Nichi Glucan along with conventional therapy, whereas the Gr. 1 (control) patients received conventional therapy alone for 90 days. Serum melatonin levels and sleep patterns, assessed using a subjective questionnaire, were evaluated before and after treatment.
Results
In Gr. 2, the average serum melatonin level increased from 238.85 ng/L preintervention to 394.72 ng/L postintervention. Eight of nine participants (88%) in Gr. 2 showed improvements in sleep pattern and quality, while no improvement was observed in the participants in Gr. 1.
Conclusion
The consumption of Nichi Glucan for 90 days resulted in visible improvement in sleep quality, sleep pattern, and serum melatonin levels, which was reported for the first time by our study. A larger multicenter study is required to validate our findings. |
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| AbstractList | Introduction
Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β‐Glucans have previously been shown to improve melatonin levels in animal studies. Herein, we examined the effectiveness of Aureobasidium pullulans (Nichi Glucan), a species of black yeast that contains beta‐1,3/1,6‐glucan, in a pilot study of children with ASD.
Methods
Thirteen children (age, 2.5–13 years) with ASD were recruited for the study. The control group consisted of four patients (Gr. 1), while nine patients were classified into the treatment group (Gr. 2). Gr. 2 received 1 g of Nichi Glucan along with conventional therapy, whereas the Gr. 1 (control) patients received conventional therapy alone for 90 days. Serum melatonin levels and sleep patterns, assessed using a subjective questionnaire, were evaluated before and after treatment.
Results
In Gr. 2, the average serum melatonin level increased from 238.85 ng/L preintervention to 394.72 ng/L postintervention. Eight of nine participants (88%) in Gr. 2 showed improvements in sleep pattern and quality, while no improvement was observed in the participants in Gr. 1.
Conclusion
The consumption of Nichi Glucan for 90 days resulted in visible improvement in sleep quality, sleep pattern, and serum melatonin levels, which was reported for the first time by our study. A larger multicenter study is required to validate our findings. Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β-Glucans have previously been shown to improve melatonin levels in animal studies. Herein, we examined the effectiveness of Aureobasidium pullulans (Nichi Glucan), a species of black yeast that contains beta-1,3/1,6-glucan, in a pilot study of children with ASD.INTRODUCTIONPoor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β-Glucans have previously been shown to improve melatonin levels in animal studies. Herein, we examined the effectiveness of Aureobasidium pullulans (Nichi Glucan), a species of black yeast that contains beta-1,3/1,6-glucan, in a pilot study of children with ASD.Thirteen children (age, 2.5-13 years) with ASD were recruited for the study. The control group consisted of four patients (Gr. 1), while nine patients were classified into the treatment group (Gr. 2). Gr. 2 received 1 g of Nichi Glucan along with conventional therapy, whereas the Gr. 1 (control) patients received conventional therapy alone for 90 days. Serum melatonin levels and sleep patterns, assessed using a subjective questionnaire, were evaluated before and after treatment.METHODSThirteen children (age, 2.5-13 years) with ASD were recruited for the study. The control group consisted of four patients (Gr. 1), while nine patients were classified into the treatment group (Gr. 2). Gr. 2 received 1 g of Nichi Glucan along with conventional therapy, whereas the Gr. 1 (control) patients received conventional therapy alone for 90 days. Serum melatonin levels and sleep patterns, assessed using a subjective questionnaire, were evaluated before and after treatment.In Gr. 2, the average serum melatonin level increased from 238.85 ng/L preintervention to 394.72 ng/L postintervention. Eight of nine participants (88%) in Gr. 2 showed improvements in sleep pattern and quality, while no improvement was observed in the participants in Gr. 1.RESULTSIn Gr. 2, the average serum melatonin level increased from 238.85 ng/L preintervention to 394.72 ng/L postintervention. Eight of nine participants (88%) in Gr. 2 showed improvements in sleep pattern and quality, while no improvement was observed in the participants in Gr. 1.The consumption of Nichi Glucan for 90 days resulted in visible improvement in sleep quality, sleep pattern, and serum melatonin levels, which was reported for the first time by our study. A larger multicenter study is required to validate our findings.CONCLUSIONThe consumption of Nichi Glucan for 90 days resulted in visible improvement in sleep quality, sleep pattern, and serum melatonin levels, which was reported for the first time by our study. A larger multicenter study is required to validate our findings. IntroductionPoor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β‐Glucans have previously been shown to improve melatonin levels in animal studies. Herein, we examined the effectiveness of Aureobasidium pullulans (Nichi Glucan), a species of black yeast that contains beta‐1,3/1,6‐glucan, in a pilot study of children with ASD.MethodsThirteen children (age, 2.5–13 years) with ASD were recruited for the study. The control group consisted of four patients (Gr. 1), while nine patients were classified into the treatment group (Gr. 2). Gr. 2 received 1 g of Nichi Glucan along with conventional therapy, whereas the Gr. 1 (control) patients received conventional therapy alone for 90 days. Serum melatonin levels and sleep patterns, assessed using a subjective questionnaire, were evaluated before and after treatment.ResultsIn Gr. 2, the average serum melatonin level increased from 238.85 ng/L preintervention to 394.72 ng/L postintervention. Eight of nine participants (88%) in Gr. 2 showed improvements in sleep pattern and quality, while no improvement was observed in the participants in Gr. 1.ConclusionThe consumption of Nichi Glucan for 90 days resulted in visible improvement in sleep quality, sleep pattern, and serum melatonin levels, which was reported for the first time by our study. A larger multicenter study is required to validate our findings. Abstract Introduction Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β‐Glucans have previously been shown to improve melatonin levels in animal studies. Herein, we examined the effectiveness of Aureobasidium pullulans (Nichi Glucan), a species of black yeast that contains beta‐1,3/1,6‐glucan, in a pilot study of children with ASD. Methods Thirteen children (age, 2.5–13 years) with ASD were recruited for the study. The control group consisted of four patients (Gr. 1), while nine patients were classified into the treatment group (Gr. 2). Gr. 2 received 1 g of Nichi Glucan along with conventional therapy, whereas the Gr. 1 (control) patients received conventional therapy alone for 90 days. Serum melatonin levels and sleep patterns, assessed using a subjective questionnaire, were evaluated before and after treatment. Results In Gr. 2, the average serum melatonin level increased from 238.85 ng/L preintervention to 394.72 ng/L postintervention. Eight of nine participants (88%) in Gr. 2 showed improvements in sleep pattern and quality, while no improvement was observed in the participants in Gr. 1. Conclusion The consumption of Nichi Glucan for 90 days resulted in visible improvement in sleep quality, sleep pattern, and serum melatonin levels, which was reported for the first time by our study. A larger multicenter study is required to validate our findings. |
| Author | Kandaswamy, Ramesh Shankar Abraham, Samuel JK Balamurugan, Mangaleswaran Kurosawa, Gene Ikewaki, Nobunao Raghavan, Kadalraja Dedeepiya, Vidyasagar Devaprasad Iwasaki, Masaru Preethy, Senthilkumar Sonoda, Tohru |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Mary‐Yoshio Translational Hexagon (MYTH) Nichi‐In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM) Chennai India 7 Department of Medical Life Science Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Japan 11 Centre for Advancing Clinical Research (CACR) School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Chuo Japan 13 Antony‐ Xavier Interdisciplinary Scholastics (AXIS) GN Corporation Co. Ltd. Kofu Japan 9 Department of Academic Research Support Promotion Facility, Center for Research Promotion and Support Fujita Health University Aichi Japan 3 Department of Paediatric Neurology Jesuit Antonyraj memorial Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Rehabilitation and Education (JAICARE) Madurai India 12 Fujio‐Eiji Academic Terrain (FEAT) Nichi‐In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM) Chennai India 5 Department of Psychiatry Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Lincoln United Kingdom 1 Department of Paediatric Neurology Kenmax Medical Service Private Limited Madurai India 8 Department of Immunology Junsei Educationa |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 5 Department of Psychiatry Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Lincoln United Kingdom – name: 8 Department of Immunology Junsei Educational Institute Nobeoka Miyazaki Japan – name: 6 Department of Neurosurgery Brain and Spine Hospital Chennai India – name: 13 Antony‐ Xavier Interdisciplinary Scholastics (AXIS) GN Corporation Co. Ltd. Kofu Japan – name: 7 Department of Medical Life Science Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Japan – name: 9 Department of Academic Research Support Promotion Facility, Center for Research Promotion and Support Fujita Health University Aichi Japan – name: 3 Department of Paediatric Neurology Jesuit Antonyraj memorial Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Rehabilitation and Education (JAICARE) Madurai India – name: 11 Centre for Advancing Clinical Research (CACR) School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Chuo Japan – name: 1 Department of Paediatric Neurology Kenmax Medical Service Private Limited Madurai India – name: 12 Fujio‐Eiji Academic Terrain (FEAT) Nichi‐In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM) Chennai India – name: 4 Mary‐Yoshio Translational Hexagon (MYTH) Nichi‐In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM) Chennai India – name: 10 Research Wing MabGenesis KK Nagoya Japan – name: 2 Department of Paediatric Neurology Sarvee Integra Private Limited Chennai India |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kadalraja surname: Raghavan fullname: Raghavan, Kadalraja organization: Jesuit Antonyraj memorial Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Rehabilitation and Education (JAICARE) – sequence: 2 givenname: Vidyasagar Devaprasad surname: Dedeepiya fullname: Dedeepiya, Vidyasagar Devaprasad organization: Nichi‐In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM) – sequence: 3 givenname: Ramesh Shankar surname: Kandaswamy fullname: Kandaswamy, Ramesh Shankar organization: Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust – sequence: 4 givenname: Mangaleswaran surname: Balamurugan fullname: Balamurugan, Mangaleswaran organization: Brain and Spine Hospital – sequence: 5 givenname: Nobunao surname: Ikewaki fullname: Ikewaki, Nobunao organization: Junsei Educational Institute – sequence: 6 givenname: Tohru surname: Sonoda fullname: Sonoda, Tohru organization: Junsei Educational Institute – sequence: 7 givenname: Gene surname: Kurosawa fullname: Kurosawa, Gene organization: MabGenesis KK – sequence: 8 givenname: Masaru surname: Iwasaki fullname: Iwasaki, Masaru organization: School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi – sequence: 9 givenname: Senthilkumar surname: Preethy fullname: Preethy, Senthilkumar organization: Nichi‐In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM) – sequence: 10 givenname: Samuel JK orcidid: 0000-0003-2646-2687 surname: Abraham fullname: Abraham, Samuel JK email: drsam@nichimail.jp, drspp@nichimail.jp organization: GN Corporation Co. Ltd |
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| Snippet | Introduction
Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin... IntroductionPoor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin... Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is... Abstract Introduction Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels.... |
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| SubjectTerms | autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Autistic children beta‐glucan Clinical trials Families & family life food supplement Melatonin Original Questionnaires Sleep |
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| Title | Improvement of sleep and melatonin in children with autism spectrum disorder after β‐1,3/1,6‐glucan consumption: An open‐label prospective pilot clinical study |
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