Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of loblolly pine using a continuous, reactive twin-screw extruder - Hoekman, S. Kent; Broch, Amber; Felix, Larry; Farthing, William (Energy conversion and management, 2017)
Keywords: Acetic acid; Batch reactors; Biomass; Carbonization; Chemical properties; Colloiding; Condensates; Condensation; Continuous HTC; cost effectiveness; Economic conditions; economic sustainability; energy; FHTC; Furfural; Hydrochar; hydrochars; hydrothermal carbonization; Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC); lignocellulose; pelleting; Physical properties; physicochemical properties; Pine trees; Pinus taeda; Pressurization; Reaction time; Reactors; Recovering; Recycling; Severity factor; Studies; Thermal energy; Twin-screw extruder (TSE); vapors; Viability; Severity factor; FHTC; Furfural; Continuous HTC; Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC); Hydrochar; Twin-screw extruder (TSE)