Bone ingrowth and mechanical properties of coralline hydroxyapatite 1 yr after implantation

• Published in: Biomaterials Vol. 14; no. 5; pp. 341 - 348
• Main Authors: Martin, R.B., Chapman, M.W., Sharkey, N.A., Zissimos, S.L., Bay, B., Shors, E.G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.04.1993; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone and Bones - physiology; bone ingrowth; coralline; Dogs; Durapatite; Humans; Humerus; Hydroxyapatite; Hydroxyapatites; mechanical properties; Medical sciences; Orthopedic surgery; Osseointegration; Prostheses and Implants; Radius; Space life sciences; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Hydroxyapatite; bone ingrowth; mechanical properties; coralline; Fissipedia; Radius; Carnivora; Implant; Mechanical properties; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Orthopedic surgery; Treatment; Animal; Biomaterial; Bone; Dog; Biomedical engineering
• DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(93)90052-4
• ISSN: 0142-9612

A previous study of coralline hydroxyapatite as a bone-graft substitute was extended from 4 to 12 months to determine better the relationships between implantation time, bone ingrowth and mechanical properties. The model consisted of a 10 × 30 mm window defect in the shaft of the canine radius (a cortical site), and a 10 mm diameter cylindrical defect in the head of the humerus (a cancellous site). In the new study, these two defects were made bilaterally in eight dogs, and filled with block-form coralline hydroxyapatite. The radius defects were supported by a metal fixation plate which was removed after 9 months. After 12 months, the dogs were killed and the left-side implants were analysed histomorphometrically and mechanically. The right-side radius and humerus were reserved for structural analysis. The results were combined with those previously measured after 4, 8, 12 and 16 wk of implantation. In the cortical site, bone ingrowth increased from 52% at 16wk to 74% at 1 yr. In the cancellous site, bone ingrowth was 38% after 4wk, then fell monotonically, reaching 17% at 1 yr. Bending and compressive strength and stiffness of the radius implants increased throughout the post-implantation year, but compressive strength and stiffness of the humerus implants did not change after the first 2–4 months. Mechanical properties were strongly correlated to bone ingrowth in the cortical, but not the cancellous, site. The volume fraction of the coralline hydroxyapatite material diminished significantly with time in the cortical, but not the cancellous, site.