Glutathione synthesis

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta Vol. 1830; no. 5; pp. 3143 - 3153
• Main Author: Lu, Shelly C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2013
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidant response element; antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; apoptosis; biosynthesis; cell proliferation; cysteine; cytosol; diabetes mellitus; drug resistance; endotoxemia; gene expression; Glutamate-cysteine ligase; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase - genetics; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase - metabolism; glutathione; Glutathione - biosynthesis; Glutathione - genetics; Glutathione - metabolism; Glutathione Synthase - genetics; Glutathione Synthase - metabolism; GSH; GSH synthase; Humans; liver; liver cirrhosis; MafG; mammals; neoplasm cells; Nrf2; oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - genetics; Oxidative Stress - physiology; pathogenesis; thiols; transcription factor NF-kappa B; Transcription Factors - genetics; Transcription Factors - metabolism; xenobiotics; TNFα; UDCA; AP-1; α-SMA; 4-HNE; RNS; HSC; iNOS; GSH synthase; TBH; β-NF; Antioxidant response element; BSO; EpRE; As3; CMK; SAMe; Glutamate-cysteine ligase; HGF; MS; MT; PKA; HCC; PKC; GPx; ARE; ROS; SAH; ATRA; TLR4; Hcy; MAT; MRE; NO; RXRα; 15d-PGJ2; CNC-bZIP; BDL; LPS; CREB; CBS; Nrf2; GSH; GSSG; NFE2; GS; DEM; ECM; GCL; MafG; BHMT; GCLC; GGT; TAA; TGF-β1; GCLM

Glutathione (GSH) is present in all mammalian tissues as the most abundant non-protein thiol that defends against oxidative stress. GSH is also a key determinant of redox signaling, vital in detoxification of xenobiotics, and regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, immune function, and fibrogenesis...