Norovirus

Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae , is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral par...

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Published inClinical microbiology reviews Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 134 - 164
Main Authors Robilotti, Elizabeth, Deresinski, Stan, Pinsky, Benjamin A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 01.01.2015
Subjects
Caliciviridae Infections - diagnosis
Caliciviridae Infections - epidemiology
Caliciviridae Infections - immunology
Caliciviridae Infections - prevention & control
Caliciviridae Infections - therapy
Disease Notification
Gastroenteritis - diagnosis
Gastroenteritis - epidemiology
Gastroenteritis - immunology
Gastroenteritis - prevention & control
Gastroenteritis - therapy
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Norovirus - immunology
Norovirus - physiology
Reviews
Viral Vaccines - standards
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Abstract Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae , is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. In this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infection and its diagnosis and management, as well as host and pathogen factors that complicate vaccine development. Additionally, we discuss overall epidemiology, infection control strategies, and global reporting efforts aimed at controlling this worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis. Prompt implementation of infection control measures remains the mainstay of norovirus outbreak management.
AbstractList Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae , is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. In this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infection and its diagnosis and management, as well as host and pathogen factors that complicate vaccine development. Additionally, we discuss overall epidemiology, infection control strategies, and global reporting efforts aimed at controlling this worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis. Prompt implementation of infection control measures remains the mainstay of norovirus outbreak management.
Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae, is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. In this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infection and its diagnosis and management, as well as host and pathogen factors that complicate vaccine development. Additionally, we discuss overall epidemiology, infection control strategies, and global reporting efforts aimed at controlling this worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis. Prompt implementation of infection control measures remains the mainstay of norovirus outbreak management.
Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae, is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. In this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infection and its diagnosis and management, as well as host and pathogen factors that complicate vaccine development. Additionally, we discuss overall epidemiology, infection control strategies, and global reporting efforts aimed at controlling this worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis. Prompt implementation of infection control measures remains the mainstay of norovirus outbreak management.Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae, is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. In this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infection and its diagnosis and management, as well as host and pathogen factors that complicate vaccine development. Additionally, we discuss overall epidemiology, infection control strategies, and global reporting efforts aimed at controlling this worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis. Prompt implementation of infection control measures remains the mainstay of norovirus outbreak management.
Author Deresinski, Stan
Robilotti, Elizabeth
Pinsky, Benjamin A.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Elizabeth
  surname: Robilotti
  fullname: Robilotti, Elizabeth
  organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Stan
  surname: Deresinski
  fullname: Deresinski, Stan
  organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Benjamin A.
  surname: Pinsky
  fullname: Pinsky, Benjamin A.
  organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25567225$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Citation Robilotti E, Deresinski S, Pinsky BA. 2015. Norovirus. Clin Microbiol Rev 28:134–164. doi:10.1128/CMR.00075-14.
OpenAccessLink https://cmr.asm.org/content/cmr/28/1/134.full.pdf
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Snippet Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae , is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community...
Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae, is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community...
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SubjectTerms Caliciviridae Infections - diagnosis
Caliciviridae Infections - epidemiology
Caliciviridae Infections - immunology
Caliciviridae Infections - prevention & control
Caliciviridae Infections - therapy
Disease Notification
Gastroenteritis - diagnosis
Gastroenteritis - epidemiology
Gastroenteritis - immunology
Gastroenteritis - prevention & control
Gastroenteritis - therapy
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Norovirus - immunology
Norovirus - physiology
Reviews
Viral Vaccines - standards
Title Norovirus
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Volume 28
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