Clinical Isolates of Human Coronavirus 229E Bypass the Endosome for Cell Entry

• Published in: Journal of virology Vol. 91; no. 1
• Main Authors: Shirato, Kazuya, Kanou, Kazuhiko, Kawase, Miyuki, Matsuyama, Shutoku
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Society for Microbiology 01.01.2017
• Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Biological Evolution; Cathepsin L - antagonists & inhibitors; Cathepsin L - genetics; Cathepsin L - immunology; Cell Membrane - immunology; Cell Membrane - virology; Common Cold - immunology; Common Cold - virology; Coronaviridae; Coronavirus 229E, Human - genetics; Coronavirus 229E, Human - metabolism; Coronavirus Infections - immunology; Coronavirus Infections - virology; Endocytosis; Endosomes - drug effects; Endosomes - immunology; Endosomes - virology; Epithelial Cells - drug effects; Epithelial Cells - immunology; Epithelial Cells - virology; HeLa Cells; Humans; Immune Evasion; Mutation; Protease Inhibitors - pharmacology; Respiratory Mucosa - drug effects; Respiratory Mucosa - immunology; Respiratory Mucosa - virology; SARS coronavirus; Sequence Alignment; Serine Endopeptidases - genetics; Serine Endopeptidases - immunology; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - metabolism; Virus Internalization; Virus-Cell Interactions; TMPRSS2; coronavirus; endosomes; cathepsin

Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), a causative agent of the common cold, enters host cells via two distinct pathways: one is mediated by cell surface proteases, particularly transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and the other by endosomal cathepsin L. Thus, specific inhibitors of these proteas...