Analysis of the Innovation Trend in Cell-Free Synthetic Biology
Cell-free synthetic biology is a maturing field that aims to assemble biomolecular reactions outside cells for compelling applications in drug discovery, metabolic engineering, biomanufacturing, diagnostics, and education. Cell-free systems have several key features. They circumvent mechanisms that...
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Published in | Life (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 6; p. 551 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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11.06.2021
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Abstract | Cell-free synthetic biology is a maturing field that aims to assemble biomolecular reactions outside cells for compelling applications in drug discovery, metabolic engineering, biomanufacturing, diagnostics, and education. Cell-free systems have several key features. They circumvent mechanisms that have evolved to facilitate species survival, bypass limitations on molecular transport across the cell wall, enable high-yielding and rapid synthesis of proteins without creating recombinant cells, and provide high tolerance towards toxic substrates or products. Here, we analyze ~750 published patents and ~2000 peer-reviewed manuscripts in the field of cell-free systems. Three hallmarks emerged. First, we found that both patent filings and manuscript publications per year are significantly increasing (five-fold and 1.5-fold over the last decade, respectively). Second, we observed that the innovation landscape has changed. Patent applications were dominated by Japan in the early 2000s before shifting to China and the USA in recent years. Finally, we discovered an increasing prevalence of biotechnology companies using cell-free systems. Our analysis has broad implications on the future development of cell-free synthetic biology for commercial and industrial applications. |
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AbstractList | Cell-free synthetic biology is a maturing field that aims to assemble biomolecular reactions outside cells for compelling applications in drug discovery, metabolic engineering, biomanufacturing, diagnostics, and education. Cell-free systems have several key features. They circumvent mechanisms that have evolved to facilitate species survival, bypass limitations on molecular transport across the cell wall, enable high-yielding and rapid synthesis of proteins without creating recombinant cells, and provide high tolerance towards toxic substrates or products. Here, we analyze ~750 published patents and ~2000 peer-reviewed manuscripts in the field of cell-free systems. Three hallmarks emerged. First, we found that both patent filings and manuscript publications per year are significantly increasing (five-fold and 1.5-fold over the last decade, respectively). Second, we observed that the innovation landscape has changed. Patent applications were dominated by Japan in the early 2000s before shifting to China and the USA in recent years. Finally, we discovered an increasing prevalence of biotechnology companies using cell-free systems. Our analysis has broad implications on the future development of cell-free synthetic biology for commercial and industrial applications. |
Author | Rasor, Blake J. Jewett, Michael C. Tan, Cheemeng Meyer, Conary Karim, Ashty S. Nakamura, Yusuke |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; blakerasor2023@u.northwestern.edu (B.J.R.); ashty.karim@northwestern.edu (A.S.K.); m-jewett@northwestern.edu (M.C.J.) 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA; conmeyer@ucdavis.edu (C.M.); triom812@gmail.com (Y.N.) |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA; conmeyer@ucdavis.edu (C.M.); triom812@gmail.com (Y.N.) – name: 2 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; blakerasor2023@u.northwestern.edu (B.J.R.); ashty.karim@northwestern.edu (A.S.K.); m-jewett@northwestern.edu (M.C.J.) |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Conary orcidid: 0000-0002-4007-8385 surname: Meyer fullname: Meyer, Conary – sequence: 2 givenname: Yusuke surname: Nakamura fullname: Nakamura, Yusuke – sequence: 3 givenname: Blake J. orcidid: 0000-0001-6662-341X surname: Rasor fullname: Rasor, Blake J. – sequence: 4 givenname: Ashty S. surname: Karim fullname: Karim, Ashty S. – sequence: 5 givenname: Michael C. surname: Jewett fullname: Jewett, Michael C. – sequence: 6 givenname: Cheemeng orcidid: 0000-0003-1049-1192 surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Cheemeng |
BackLink | https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1787913$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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SubjectTerms | Amino acids Biology Biotechnology Cell walls cell-free protein synthesis Gene expression Industrial applications industry Innovations Metabolic engineering Patent applications Protein synthesis Proteins Search engines Search strategies Substrates Synthetic biology Technological change transcription and translation Trends TX-TL |
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Title | Analysis of the Innovation Trend in Cell-Free Synthetic Biology |
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