Reevaluating the role of dilation and curettage in the diagnosis of pregnancy of unknown location
Objective To evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP). Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting University hospital. Patient(s) Clinically stable women (n = 321) who underwent a diagnostic D&C with no visible intrauterine pregnancy...
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Published in | Fertility and sterility Vol. 96; no. 3; pp. 659 - 662 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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New York, NY
Elsevier Inc
01.09.2011
Elsevier |
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Abstract | Objective To evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP). Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting University hospital. Patient(s) Clinically stable women (n = 321) who underwent a diagnostic D&C with no visible intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) on transvaginal ultrasound or those with an abnormal hCG trend. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) EP or IUP made by final pathologic review. Result(s) Overall, 73.2% of the patients were ultimately diagnosed with EP and 26.8% were found to have a nonviable IUP. Those with EPs had significantly lower initial hCGs than those with nonviable IUPs and were more likely to have had a history of an EP. On ultrasound, the overall impression, the presence of free fluid, and the endometrial echo complex correlated well with the final diagnoses but did not have 100% predictive value. Conclusion(s) D&C remains valuable to differentiate EP from nonviable IUP and to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary exposure to methotrexate. Low initial hCG values and ultrasound findings such as a thin endometrial echo complex and the presence of free fluid are associated with but are not diagnostic of an ectopic pregnancy. |
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AbstractList | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): Clinically stable women (n = 321) who underwent a diagnostic D&C with no visible intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) on transvaginal ultrasound or those with an abnormal hCG trend. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): EP or IUP made by final pathologic review. RESULT(S): Overall, 73.2% of the patients were ultimately diagnosed with EP and 26.8% were found to have a nonviable IUP. Those with EPs had significantly lower initial hCGs than those with nonviable IUPs and were more likely to have had a history of an EP. On ultrasound, the overall impression, the presence of free fluid, and the endometrial echo complex correlated well with the final diagnoses but did not have 100% predictive value. CONCLUSION(S): D&C remains valuable to differentiate EP from nonviable IUP and to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary exposure to methotrexate. Low initial hCG values and ultrasound findings such as a thin endometrial echo complex and the presence of free fluid are associated with but are not diagnostic of an ectopic pregnancy. To evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP). Retrospective cohort study. University hospital. Clinically stable women (n = 321) who underwent a diagnostic D&C with no visible intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) on transvaginal ultrasound or those with an abnormal hCG trend. None. EP or IUP made by final pathologic review. Overall, 73.2% of the patients were ultimately diagnosed with EP and 26.8% were found to have a nonviable IUP. Those with EPs had significantly lower initial hCGs than those with nonviable IUPs and were more likely to have had a history of an EP. On ultrasound, the overall impression, the presence of free fluid, and the endometrial echo complex correlated well with the final diagnoses but did not have 100% predictive value. D&C remains valuable to differentiate EP from nonviable IUP and to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary exposure to methotrexate. Low initial hCG values and ultrasound findings such as a thin endometrial echo complex and the presence of free fluid are associated with but are not diagnostic of an ectopic pregnancy. OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP).DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.SETTINGUniversity hospital.PATIENT(S)Clinically stable women (n = 321) who underwent a diagnostic D&C with no visible intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) on transvaginal ultrasound or those with an abnormal hCG trend.INTERVENTION(S)None.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)EP or IUP made by final pathologic review.RESULT(S)Overall, 73.2% of the patients were ultimately diagnosed with EP and 26.8% were found to have a nonviable IUP. Those with EPs had significantly lower initial hCGs than those with nonviable IUPs and were more likely to have had a history of an EP. On ultrasound, the overall impression, the presence of free fluid, and the endometrial echo complex correlated well with the final diagnoses but did not have 100% predictive value.CONCLUSION(S)D&C remains valuable to differentiate EP from nonviable IUP and to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary exposure to methotrexate. Low initial hCG values and ultrasound findings such as a thin endometrial echo complex and the presence of free fluid are associated with but are not diagnostic of an ectopic pregnancy. |
Author | Chandavarkar, Uma Barnhart, Kurt Chung, Karine Opper, Neisha |
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Keywords | Ectopic pregnancy methotrexate dilation and curettage Antineoplastic agent Pregnancy disorders Gynecology Obstetrics Antifolate Curettage Antimetabolic Dilatation Antirheumatic agent Diagnosis Methotrexate |
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Snippet | Objective To evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP). Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting... To evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP). Retrospective cohort study. University hospital.... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:... OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical utility of dilation and curettage (D&C) in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP).DESIGNRetrospective cohort... |
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SubjectTerms | Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal - therapeutic use Adolescent Adult Biological and medical sciences Bones, joints and connective tissue. Antiinflammatory agents Chorionic Gonadotropin - metabolism Cohort Studies Diagnostic Errors - prevention & control Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological Dilatation and Curettage - methods dilation and curettage Diseases of mother, fetus and pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy endometrium Female Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics human chorionic gonadotropin Humans Internal Medicine Medical sciences methotrexate Methotrexate - therapeutic use Middle Aged Obstetrics and Gynecology patients Pharmacology. Drug treatments Pregnancy pregnancy diagnosis Pregnancy, Ectopic - diagnosis Pregnancy, Ectopic - diagnostic imaging Pregnancy, Ectopic - metabolism Pregnancy. Fetus. Placenta Retrospective Studies ultrasonics Ultrasonography women Young Adult |
Title | Reevaluating the role of dilation and curettage in the diagnosis of pregnancy of unknown location |
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