HIV-1 Latency and Viral Reservoirs: Existing Reversal Approaches and Potential Technologies, Targets, and Pathways Involved in HIV Latency Studies

• Published in: Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 10; no. 2; p. 475
• Main Authors: Khanal, Sushant, Schank, Madison, El Gazzar, Mohamed, Moorman, Jonathan P., Yao, Zhi Q.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23.02.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Aging; Animals; Antiretroviral therapy; Apoptosis; Art exhibits; CD4 antigen; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Disease; Disease Reservoirs - virology; DNA; DNA damage; Epithelial cells; Gene expression; Genomes; Genomics; Genotype & phenotype; Hematopoietic stem cells; HIV; HIV Infections - virology; HIV-1 - physiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Immune system; Immunological memory; Infections; Latency; latency reversal; Life cycles; Lymphatic system; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Macrophages; Medical research; Memory cells; Metabolism; Microglial cells; Mitochondrial DNA; Models, Biological; Myeloid cells; provirus; Proviruses; Public health; Replication; reservoir; Review; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; Signal transduction; Stem cells; T cell receptors; Telomeres; Viral infections; Virus Latency - physiology; ART; reservoir; HIV; latency reversal; provirus; latency

Eradication of latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a global health challenge. Reactivation of HIV latency and killing of virus-infected cells, the so-called “kick and kill” or “shock and kill” approaches, are a popular strategy for HIV cure. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) halt...