Rhinovirus Infection Increases 5-Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase-2 in Bronchial Biopsy Specimens from Nonatopic Subjects

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 185; no. 4; pp. 540 - 544
• Main Authors: Seymour, Michelle L., Gilby, Natalie, Bardin, Philip G., Fraenkel, David J., Sanderson, Gwendolyn, Penrose, John F., Holgate, Stephen T., Johnston, Sebastian L., Sampson, Anthony P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 15.02.2002; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: 5-Lipoxygenase; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase - analysis; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase - biosynthesis; Biological and medical sciences; Biopsies; Biopsy; Bronchi - enzymology; Bronchi - pathology; Common Cold - drug therapy; Common Cold - enzymology; Concise Communications; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cysteine - analysis; cysteinyl-leukotrienes; Enzymes; Eosinophils; Experimental viral diseases and models; Humans; Infections; Infectious diseases; Isoenzymes - analysis; Isoenzymes - biosynthesis; Leukocytes; Leukotrienes - analysis; Macrophages; Mast cells; Medical sciences; Membrane Proteins; Monocytes; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases - analysis; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases - biosynthesis; prostanoids; Rhinovirus; Viral diseases; Viruses; Human; Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase; Respiratory disease; Enzyme; Picornaviridae; Pathogenesis; Infection; Virus; Experimental disease; Viral disease; Oxidoreductases; Lipoxygenase; Macrophage; Rhinovirus
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1573-6613; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/338570

Rhinovirus infections cause wheeze, cough, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. To investigate the involvement of cysteinyl-leukotrienes and prostanoids in these symptoms, bronchial biopsy specimens from 9 normal subjects (nonatopic and with no history of chronic lung disease) were immunostained for 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway enzymes 2 weeks before and 4 days after experimental infection with human rhinovirus serotype 16.5-LO-positive cell counts increased 9-fold (from 0.48 to 4.4 cells/mm2; P <.05), and 5- LO-activating protein (FLAP)-positive cell counts increased 3.6-fold (from 1.8 to 6.5 cells/ mm2; P = .09). Levels of leukotriene A4 hydrolase and leukotriene C4 synthase were unchanged. COX-2-positive cell counts increased from 0 to 2.6 cells/mm2 (P = .009), with no change in COX-1 levels. Increases of 3-4-fold were seen in levels of macrophages (P = .02) and mast cells (P = .07) but not of eosinophils (P > .4), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cysteinyl-leukotriene levels doubled (from 11.2 to 20.4 pg/mL; P = .13). Cold symptom scores correlated with bronchial immunostaining for FLAP (ρ = 0.93; P = .001). In normal subjects, rhinovirus colds induce bronchial inflammation with markedly enhanced expression of 5-LO pathway proteins and COX-2.