Washboarding: Are Man-Managed Honeybees Performing a Vestigial Activity Fostered by Cryptogams?

• Published in: Journal of Apicultural Science Vol. 66; no. 2; pp. 179 - 197
• Main Authors: Giovanetti, Manuela, Máguas, Cristina, Munzi, Silvana
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Pulawy Sciendo 01.12.2022; De Gruyter Poland
• Subjects: Apiculture; Apis mellifera; bee behaviour; beekeepers; Beekeeping; Bees; Cavity nesting; Chemical compounds; citizen science; Colonies; Cryptogams; Europe; Lichens; Literature reviews; Microorganisms; Nesting; online survey; propolis; questionnaires; reproduction; surveys; toxicity; Europe

A common view is that honeybees are mostly managed by beekeepers for commercial purposes or as a hobby, especially in Europe. This misconception is probably due to the lack of systematic studies on wild colonies of honeybees in Europe in comparison to other regions of the world. Since we are used to...