Sex-Biased Expression and Response of microRNAs in Neurological Diseases and Neurotrauma

Neurological diseases and neurotrauma manifest significant sex differences in prevalence, progression, outcome, and therapeutic responses. Genetic predisposition, sex hormones, inflammation, and environmental exposures are among many physiological and pathological factors that impact the sex dispari...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 25; no. 5; p. 2648
Main Authors Geleta, Urim, Prajapati, Paresh, Bachstetter, Adam, Nelson, Peter T., Wang, Wang-Xia
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 24.02.2024
MDPI
Subjects
Biosynthesis
Brain research
Development and progression
Disease
Estrogens
Female
Females
Gender differences
Gene expression
Genes
Genetic research
Gonadal Steroid Hormones
Health aspects
Hormones
Hormones, Sex
Humans
Male
Males
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
Nervous System Diseases
Pathogenesis
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Review
RNA polymerase
Schizophrenia
Senescence
Traumatic brain injury
Womens health
sex biased
traumatic brain injury
neurodegenerative diseases
microRNA
miR-223-3p
X chromosome
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Abstract Neurological diseases and neurotrauma manifest significant sex differences in prevalence, progression, outcome, and therapeutic responses. Genetic predisposition, sex hormones, inflammation, and environmental exposures are among many physiological and pathological factors that impact the sex disparity in neurological diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a powerful class of gene expression regulator that are extensively involved in mediating biological pathways. Emerging evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play a crucial role in the sex dimorphism observed in various human diseases, including neurological diseases. Understanding the sex differences in miRNA expression and response is believed to have important implications for assessing the risk of neurological disease, defining therapeutic intervention strategies, and advancing both basic research and clinical investigations. However, there is limited research exploring the extent to which miRNAs contribute to the sex disparities observed in various neurological diseases. Here, we review the current state of knowledge related to the sexual dimorphism in miRNAs in neurological diseases and neurotrauma research. We also discuss how sex chromosomes may contribute to the miRNA sexual dimorphism phenomenon. We attempt to emphasize the significance of sexual dimorphism in miRNA biology in human diseases and to advocate a gender/sex-balanced science.
AbstractList Neurological diseases and neurotrauma manifest significant sex differences in prevalence, progression, outcome, and therapeutic responses. Genetic predisposition, sex hormones, inflammation, and environmental exposures are among many physiological and pathological factors that impact the sex disparity in neurological diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a powerful class of gene expression regulator that are extensively involved in mediating biological pathways. Emerging evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play a crucial role in the sex dimorphism observed in various human diseases, including neurological diseases. Understanding the sex differences in miRNA expression and response is believed to have important implications for assessing the risk of neurological disease, defining therapeutic intervention strategies, and advancing both basic research and clinical investigations. However, there is limited research exploring the extent to which miRNAs contribute to the sex disparities observed in various neurological diseases. Here, we review the current state of knowledge related to the sexual dimorphism in miRNAs in neurological diseases and neurotrauma research. We also discuss how sex chromosomes may contribute to the miRNA sexual dimorphism phenomenon. We attempt to emphasize the significance of sexual dimorphism in miRNA biology in human diseases and to advocate a gender/sex-balanced science.
Neurological diseases and neurotrauma manifest significant sex differences in prevalence, progression, outcome, and therapeutic responses. Genetic predisposition, sex hormones, inflammation, and environmental exposures are among many physiological and pathological factors that impact the sex disparity in neurological diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a powerful class of gene expression regulator that are extensively involved in mediating biological pathways. Emerging evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play a crucial role in the sex dimorphism observed in various human diseases, including neurological diseases. Understanding the sex differences in miRNA expression and response is believed to have important implications for assessing the risk of neurological disease, defining therapeutic intervention strategies, and advancing both basic research and clinical investigations. However, there is limited research exploring the extent to which miRNAs contribute to the sex disparities observed in various neurological diseases. Here, we review the current state of knowledge related to the sexual dimorphism in miRNAs in neurological diseases and neurotrauma research. We also discuss how sex chromosomes may contribute to the miRNA sexual dimorphism phenomenon. We attempt to emphasize the significance of sexual dimorphism in miRNA biology in human diseases and to advocate a gender/sex-balanced science.Neurological diseases and neurotrauma manifest significant sex differences in prevalence, progression, outcome, and therapeutic responses. Genetic predisposition, sex hormones, inflammation, and environmental exposures are among many physiological and pathological factors that impact the sex disparity in neurological diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a powerful class of gene expression regulator that are extensively involved in mediating biological pathways. Emerging evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play a crucial role in the sex dimorphism observed in various human diseases, including neurological diseases. Understanding the sex differences in miRNA expression and response is believed to have important implications for assessing the risk of neurological disease, defining therapeutic intervention strategies, and advancing both basic research and clinical investigations. However, there is limited research exploring the extent to which miRNAs contribute to the sex disparities observed in various neurological diseases. Here, we review the current state of knowledge related to the sexual dimorphism in miRNAs in neurological diseases and neurotrauma research. We also discuss how sex chromosomes may contribute to the miRNA sexual dimorphism phenomenon. We attempt to emphasize the significance of sexual dimorphism in miRNA biology in human diseases and to advocate a gender/sex-balanced science.
Audience Academic
Author Geleta, Urim
Wang, Wang-Xia
Prajapati, Paresh
Nelson, Peter T.
Bachstetter, Adam
AuthorAffiliation 1 Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; ugge222@uky.edu (U.G.); paresh.prajapati@uky.edu (P.P.); adam.bachstetter@uky.edu (A.B.); pnels2@uky.edu (P.T.N.)
2 Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
4 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
3 Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
– name: 1 Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; ugge222@uky.edu (U.G.); paresh.prajapati@uky.edu (P.P.); adam.bachstetter@uky.edu (A.B.); pnels2@uky.edu (P.T.N.)
– name: 3 Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
– name: 4 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Keywords sex biased
traumatic brain injury
neurodegenerative diseases
microRNA
miR-223-3p
X chromosome
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PublicationTitle International journal of molecular sciences
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Snippet Neurological diseases and neurotrauma manifest significant sex differences in prevalence, progression, outcome, and therapeutic responses. Genetic...
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StartPage 2648
SubjectTerms Biosynthesis
Brain research
Development and progression
Disease
Estrogens
Female
Females
Gender differences
Gene expression
Genes
Genetic research
Gonadal Steroid Hormones
Health aspects
Hormones
Hormones, Sex
Humans
Male
Males
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
Nervous System Diseases
Pathogenesis
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Review
RNA polymerase
Schizophrenia
Senescence
Traumatic brain injury
Womens health
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Title Sex-Biased Expression and Response of microRNAs in Neurological Diseases and Neurotrauma
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