Synchrotron Radiation Photoemission Electron Microscopy Study on Radioactive Cesium-bearing Microparticle Collected in Fukushima

Synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy (SR-PEEM) combining with hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) was utilized to obtain detailed structural and chemical insights into radioactive cesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs) smaller than 10 µm, collected from a location 25 km...

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Published in	E-journal of surface science and nanotechnology Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 16 - 21
Main Authors	Yoshigoe, Akitaka, Tsuda, Yasutaka, Kobata, Masaaki, Okane, Tetsuo, Satou, Yukihiko, Ohkochi, Takuo
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Tokyo The Japan Society of Vacuum and Surface Science 20.02.2025 公益社団法人日本表面真空学会 Japan Science and Technology Agency
Subjects	Aluminum Cesium Chemical mapping Electron microscopy Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) Magnesium Microparticles Microscopy Nuclear accidents Nuclear power plants Photoelectric emission Photoelectrons Radiation Radioactive cesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs) Silicon Spatial resolution Spectrum analysis Structural models Synchrotron radiation Synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy (SR-PEEM) X ray absorption X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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Abstract	Synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy (SR-PEEM) combining with hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) was utilized to obtain detailed structural and chemical insights into radioactive cesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs) smaller than 10 µm, collected from a location 25 km northwest of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). X-ray absorption spectromicroscopy with a spatial resolution of approximately 50 nm was employed to investigate the presence of five elements (Cs, Fe, U, Zn, Si) on the microparticle surface. HAXPES data revealed the presence of several elements such as C, O, Mg, Al, Si, Sr, and Cs, while the chemical mapping images obtained by SR-PEEM clearly demonstrated that Cs atoms almost exclusively cover the particle surface. Owing to the surface-sensitive nature of SR-PEEM compared to HAXPES, the results notably indicate inhomogeneous distributions of elements, suggesting an eggshell-like structure with a Cs shell, with a thickness greater than the escape depth of the photoelectrons (a few nanometers) as a most presumable structural model of CsMPs. These novel findings strongly suggest that the aggregation of Cs atoms likely occurs at the microparticle surface and are expected to have applications in the remediation of nuclear power plant accidents.
AbstractList	Synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy (SR-PEEM) combining with hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) was utilized to obtain detailed structural and chemical insights into radioactive cesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs) smaller than 10 µm, collected from a location 25 km northwest of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). X-ray absorption spectromicroscopy with a spatial resolution of approximately 50 nm was employed to investigate the presence of five elements (Cs, Fe, U, Zn, Si) on the microparticle surface. HAXPES data revealed the presence of several elements such as C, O, Mg, Al, Si, Sr, and Cs, while the chemical mapping images obtained by SR-PEEM clearly demonstrated that Cs atoms almost exclusively cover the particle surface. Owing to the surface-sensitive nature of SR-PEEM compared to HAXPES, the results notably indicate inhomogeneous distributions of elements, suggesting an eggshell-like structure with a Cs shell, with a thickness greater than the escape depth of the photoelectrons (a few nanometers) as a most presumable structural model of CsMPs. These novel findings strongly suggest that the aggregation of Cs atoms likely occurs at the microparticle surface and are expected to have applications in the remediation of nuclear power plant accidents.
ArticleNumber	2025-004
Author	Tsuda, Yasutaka Kobata, Masaaki Satou, Yukihiko Ohkochi, Takuo Yoshigoe, Akitaka Okane, Tetsuo
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 fullname: Yoshigoe, Akitaka organization: Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency – sequence: 2 fullname: Tsuda, Yasutaka organization: Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency – sequence: 3 fullname: Kobata, Masaaki organization: Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency – sequence: 4 fullname: Okane, Tetsuo organization: Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency – sequence: 5 fullname: Satou, Yukihiko organization: Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Sciences (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency – sequence: 6 fullname: Ohkochi, Takuo organization: Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo
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Cites_doi	10.1038/s41598-023-31519-6 10.1063/1.5005799 10.1038/s41598-018-28087-5 10.2343/geochemj.2.0514 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.104418 10.1021/es502849e 10.1007/s10967-018-6063-2 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106240 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.248 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023654 10.1246/cl.200374 10.1093/jmicro/dfw030 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.05.006 10.1021/es204667h 10.1097/HP.0000000000001148 10.1016/j.ancene.2016.05.001 10.1038/s41598-020-68318-2 10.2343/geochemj.1.0137 10.1186/s40645-020-00403-6 10.1246/cl.190581 10.1038/s41598-020-58464-y 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.04.011 10.1039/C7CC03960C 10.1002/rcm.7468 10.1038/srep42731 10.1038/srep20548 10.2343/geochemj.2.0517 10.1021/ac501998d 10.1038/srep02554 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.12.023 10.1038/nphys1891 10.1029/2020JD033460 10.1088/0953-8984/17/16/007 10.1038/s41598-019-40423-x 10.1038/s41598-021-85085-w
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SubjectTerms	Aluminum Cesium Chemical mapping Electron microscopy Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) Magnesium Microparticles Microscopy Nuclear accidents Nuclear power plants Photoelectric emission Photoelectrons Radiation Radioactive cesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs) Silicon Spatial resolution Spectrum analysis Structural models Synchrotron radiation Synchrotron radiation photoemission electron microscopy (SR-PEEM) X ray absorption X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Title	Synchrotron Radiation Photoemission Electron Microscopy Study on Radioactive Cesium-bearing Microparticle Collected in Fukushima
URI	https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ejssnt/23/1/23_2025-004/_article/-char/en https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390022145088178688 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3218734800
Volume	23
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