High-circulating leptin levels are associated with increased blood pressure in uncontrolled resistant hypertension
Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP...
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| Published in | Journal of human hypertension Vol. 27; no. 4; pp. 225 - 230 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
01.04.2013
Nature Publishing Group |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0950-9240 1476-5527 1476-5527 |
| DOI | 10.1038/jhh.2012.29 |
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| Abstract | Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2±21.4, 19.6±8.7 and 20.94±13.9 ng ml
−1
, respectively;
P
<0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6±3.8, 8.1±5.0 and 8.0±4.7 ng dl
−1
, respectively;
P
<0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2±7.2, 83.5±6.7 and 83.4±8.5, respectively;
P
<0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (
r
=0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all
P
<0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin (
r
2
=0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all
P
<0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2±21.4, 19.6±8.7 and 20.94±13.9 ng ml(-1), respectively; P<0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6±3.8, 8.1±5.0 and 8.0±4.7 ng dl(-1), respectively; P<0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2±7.2, 83.5±6.7 and 83.4±8.5, respectively; P<0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (r=0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P<0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin (r(2)=0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P<0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2±21.4, 19.6±8.7 and 20.94±13.9 ng ml −1 , respectively; P <0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6±3.8, 8.1±5.0 and 8.0±4.7 ng dl −1 , respectively; P <0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2±7.2, 83.5±6.7 and 83.4±8.5, respectively; P <0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone ( r =0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P <0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin ( r 2 =0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P <0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2 ± 21.4, 19.6 ± 8.7 and 20.94 ± 13.9 ng [ml.sup.-1], respectively; P < 0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6 ± 3.8, 8.1 ± 5.0 and 8.0 ± 4.7 ng [dl.sup.-1], respectively; P < 0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2 ± 7.2, 83.5 ± 6.7 and 83.4 ± 8.5, respectively; P < 0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (r = 0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P < 0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin ([r.sup.2] = 0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P < 0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2±21.4, 19.6±8.7 and 20.94±13.9 ng ml−1, respectively; P<0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6±3.8, 8.1±5.0 and 8.0±4.7 ng dl−1, respectively; P<0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2±7.2, 83.5±6.7 and 83.4±8.5, respectively; P<0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (r=0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P<0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin (r2=0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P<0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2±21.4, 19.6±8.7 and 20.94±13.9 ng ml(-1), respectively; P<0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6±3.8, 8.1±5.0 and 8.0±4.7 ng dl(-1), respectively; P<0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2±7.2, 83.5±6.7 and 83.4±8.5, respectively; P<0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (r=0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P<0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin (r(2)=0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P<0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects.Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2±21.4, 19.6±8.7 and 20.94±13.9 ng ml(-1), respectively; P<0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6±3.8, 8.1±5.0 and 8.0±4.7 ng dl(-1), respectively; P<0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2±7.2, 83.5±6.7 and 83.4±8.5, respectively; P<0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (r=0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P<0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin (r(2)=0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P<0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2 ± 21.4, 19.6 ± 8.7 and 20.94 ± 13.9 ng [ml.sup.-1], respectively; P < 0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6 ± 3.8, 8.1 ± 5.0 and 8.0 ± 4.7 ng [dl.sup.-1], respectively; P < 0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2 ± 7.2, 83.5 ± 6.7 and 83.4 ± 8.5, respectively; P < 0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (r = 0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P < 0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin ([r.sup.2] = 0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P < 0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. Journal of Human Hypertension (2013) 27, 225-230; doi: 10.1038/jhh.2012.29; published online 19 July 2012 Keywords: resistant hypertension; obesity; leptin; aldosterone Leptin and aldosterone have been associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension. However, despite studies showing the association of leptin with intima-media thickness, arterial distensibility and sympathetic nerve activation, the relationship between leptin and blood pressure (BP) in resistant hypertension (RHTN) is unknown. We aimed to assess the correlation of plasma leptin and aldosterone levels with BP in uncontrolled controlled RHTN (UCRHTN) and CRHTN patients. Plasma leptin and aldosterone levels, office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring and heart rate were measured in 41 UCRHTN, 39 CRHTN and 31 well-controlled HTN patients. No differences were observed between the three groups regarding gender, body mass index and age. The UCRHTN group had increased leptin when compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (38.2±21.4, 19.6±8.7 and 20.94±13.9ngml(-1), respectively; P<0.05). Aldosterone levels values were also statistically different when comparing RHTN, CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (9.6±3.8, 8.1±5.0 and 8.0±4.7ngdl(-1), respectively; P<0.05). As expected, UCRHTN patients had higher heart rate values compared with CRHTN and well-controlled HTN patients (86.2±7.2, 83.5±6.7 and 83.4±8.5, respectively; P<0.05). Plasma leptin positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and aldosterone (r=0.43, 0.35 and 0.47, respectively; all P<0.05) in UCRHTN, but neither in the CRHTN nor in the HTN group. Simple linear regression showed that SBP, DBP and aldosterone may be predicted by leptin (r(2)=0.16, 0.15 and 0.19, respectively; all P<0.05) only in the UCRHTN subgroup. In conclusion, UCRHTN patients have higher circulating leptin levels associated with increased plasma aldosterone and BP levels when compared with CRHTN and HTN subjects. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Figueiredo, V N Ferreira-Melo, S E de Haro Moraes, C Barbaro, N R Demacq, C de Faria, A P C Martins, L C Júnior, H M Sabbatini, A R Quinaglia, T |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: C surname: de Haro Moraes fullname: de Haro Moraes, C email: carolinararo@gmail.com organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 2 givenname: V N surname: Figueiredo fullname: Figueiredo, V N organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 3 givenname: A P C surname: de Faria fullname: de Faria, A P C organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 4 givenname: N R surname: Barbaro fullname: Barbaro, N R organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 5 givenname: A R surname: Sabbatini fullname: Sabbatini, A R organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 6 givenname: T surname: Quinaglia fullname: Quinaglia, T organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 7 givenname: S E surname: Ferreira-Melo fullname: Ferreira-Melo, S E organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 8 givenname: L C surname: Martins fullname: Martins, L C organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) – sequence: 9 givenname: C surname: Demacq fullname: Demacq, C organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp), Novartis Biociências SA – sequence: 10 givenname: H M surname: Júnior fullname: Júnior, H M organization: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital—University of Campinas (Unicamp) |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22810172$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013 COPYRIGHT 2013 Nature Publishing Group Copyright Nature Publishing Group Apr 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013. |
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Focus on leptin and ghrelin publication-title: Expert Opin Ther Targets doi: 10.1517/14728220902914834 – volume: 79 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 1999 end-page: 71 ident: CR24 article-title: Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by cytokines: actions and mechanisms of action publication-title: Physiol Rev doi: 10.1152/physrev.1999.79.1.1 – volume: 191 start-page: 418 issue: 2 year: 2007 end-page: 426 ident: CR11 article-title: Plasma leptin: associations with metabolic, inflammatory and haemostatic risk factors for cardiovascular disease publication-title: Atherosclerosis doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.04.012 – volume: 83 start-page: S192 issue: 5 Suppl year: 2007 end-page: S203 ident: CR8 article-title: Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ: from theory to practice publication-title: J Pediatr doi: 10.1590/S0021-75572007000700011 – volume: 25 start-page: 532 issue: 9 year: 2011 end-page: 538 ident: CR14 article-title: Characteristics of resistant hypertension: ageing, body mass index, hyperaldosteronism, cardiac hypertrophy and vascular stiffness publication-title: J Hum Hypertens doi: 10.1038/jhh.2010.95 – volume: 35 start-page: 4 issue: 1 year: 2012 end-page: 16 ident: CR28 article-title: Sympathetic nervous system in obesity-related hypertension: mechanisms and clinical implications publication-title: Hypertens Res doi: 10.1038/hr.2011.173 – volume: 51 start-page: 1403 issue: 6 year: 2008 end-page: 1419 ident: CR3 article-title: Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research publication-title: Hypertension doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.189141 – volume: 20 start-page: 227 issue: 2 year: 1992 end-page: 232 ident: CR16 article-title: Evaluation of noninvasive blood pressure monitoring devices Spacelabs 90202 and 90207 versus resting and ambulatory 24-hour intra-arterial blood pressure publication-title: Hypertension doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.20.2.227 – volume: 13 start-page: 1231 issue: 10 year: 1999 ident: BFjhh201229_CR19 publication-title: FASEB J doi: 10.1096/fasebj.13.10.1231 – volume: 49 start-page: 839 issue: 4 year: 2007 ident: BFjhh201229_CR31 publication-title: Hypertension doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000259805.18468.8c – volume: 51 start-page: 1403 issue: 6 year: 2008 ident: BFjhh201229_CR3 publication-title: Hypertension doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.189141 – volume: 106 start-page: 1919 issue: 15 year: 2002 ident: 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| Title | High-circulating leptin levels are associated with increased blood pressure in uncontrolled resistant hypertension |
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