A comparison of ileal digesta and excreta analysis for the determination of amino acid digestibility in food ingredients for poultry
1. The apparent ileal and excreta digestibilities of amino acids in 15 samples representing 12 food ingredients were determined using 5-week-old male broiler chickens. The ingredients included 3 samples of cereals (wheat, maize and sorghum), 6 samples of plant protein meals (soyabean meal, cottonsee...
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Published in | British poultry science Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 266 - 274 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Taylor & Francis Group
01.05.1999
Taylor & Francis Ltd |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | 1. The apparent ileal and excreta digestibilities of amino acids in 15 samples representing 12 food ingredients were determined using 5-week-old male broiler chickens. The ingredients included 3 samples of cereals (wheat, maize and sorghum), 6 samples of plant protein meals (soyabean meal, cottonseed meal, canola meal and sunflower meal) and 6 samples of animal protein meals (meat meal, meat-andbone meal, feather meal and fish meal). 2. The test ingredients were incorporated as the sole source of dietary protein in assay diets. Each diet was offered ad libitum to 3 pens (4 birds/pen) from d 35 to d 42 post-hatching. Total collection of excreta was carried out during the last 4 d. All birds were killed on d 42 and the contents of the lower half of the ileum were collected. Apparent ileal and excreta amino acid digestibilities were calculated using acid-insoluble ash as the indigestible marker. 3. The influence of site of measurement was found to vary among food ingredients, among samples within an ingredient and among different amino acids within an ingredient. Ileal amino acid digestibility values were similar in some ingredients, but significantly lower or higher in others than the corresponding excreta values. 4. Average ileal and excreta amino acid digestibilities in sorghum and maize were similar, but significant differences were observed for individual amino acids. In contrast, ileal amino acid digestibility values were higher than the corresponding excreta digestibility values in wheat. 5. The average ileal and excreta digestibilites of amino acids in the 3 soyabean meal samples were similar although small, but significant differences were noted for individual amino acids. Site of measurement had no effect on the digestibility of amino acids in canola meal. Digestibilities of valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, histidine, glutamic acid, alanine and tyrosine in sunflower meal and those of valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, glutamic acid and alanine in cottonseed meal were lower by excreta analysis. 6. Digestibilities in animal protein meals, with the exception of blood meal and fish meal, were consistently higher by excreta analysis. Ileal-excreta differences in individual amino acid digestibilities were more evident in feather meal, meat meal and meat-and-bone meal. 7. Threonine and valine were the indispensable amino acids that were more frequently influenced by the site of measurement. Of the dispensable amino acids, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid and alanine were the most affected. 8. Differences determined between ileal and excreta digestibilities in the present study clearly demonstrate that amino acid metabolism by hindgut microflora in chickens may be substantial and that digestibilities measured in the terminal ileum are more accurate measures of amino acid availability than those measured in the excreta. |
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AbstractList | 1. The apparent ileal and excreta digestibilities of amino acids in 15 samples representing 12 food ingredients were determined using 5-week-old male broiler chickens. The ingredients included 3 samples of cereals (wheat, maize and sorghum), 6 samples of plant protein meals (soyabean meal, cottonseed meal, canola meal and sunflower meal) and 6 samples of animal protein meals (meat meal, meat-and-bone meal, feather meal and fish meal). 2. The test ingredients were incorporated as the sole source of dietary protein in assay diets. Each diet was offered ad libitum to 3 pens (4 birds/pen) from d 35 to d 42 post-hatching. Total collection of excreta was carried out during the last 4 d. All birds were killed on d 42 and the contents of the lower half of the ileum were collected. Apparent ileal and excreta amino acid digestibilities were calculated using acid-insoluble ash as the indigestible marker. 3. The influence of site of measurement was found to vary among food ingredients, among samples within an ingredient and among different amino acids within an ingredient. Ileal amino acid digestibility values were similar in some ingredients, but significantly lower or higher in others than the corresponding excreta values. 4. Average ileal and excreta amino acid digestibilities in sorghum and maize were similar, but significant differences were observed for individual amino acids. In contrast, ileal amino acid digestibility values were higher than the corresponding excreta digestibility values in wheat. 5. The average ileal and excreta digestibilites of amino acids in the 3 soyabean meal samples were similar although small, but significant differences were noted for individual amino acids. Site of measurement had no effect on the digestibility of amino acids in canola meal. Digestibilities of valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, histidine, glutamic acid, alanine and tyrosine in sunflower meal and those of valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, glutamic acid and alanine in cottonseed meal were lower by excreta analysis. 6. Digestibilities in animal protein meals, with the exception of blood meal and fish meal, were consistently higher by excreta analysis. Ileal-excreta differences in individual amino acid digestibilities were more evident in feather meal, meat meal and meat-and-bone meal. 7. Threonine and valine were the indispensable amino acids that were more frequently influenced by the site of measurement. Of the dispensable amino acids, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid and alanine were the most affected. 8. Differences determined between ileal and excreta digestibilities in the present study clearly demonstrate that amino acid metabolism by hindgut microflora in chickens may be substantial and that digestibilities measured in the terminal ileum are more accurate measures of amino acid availability than those measured in the excreta. 1. The apparent ileal and excreta digestibilities of amino acids in 15 samples representing 12 food ingredients were determined using 5-week-old male broiler chickens. The ingredients included 3 samples of cereals (wheat, maize and sorghum), 6 samples of plant protein meals (soyabean meal, cottonseed meal, canola meal and sunflower meal) and 6 samples of animal protein meals (meat meal, meat-andbone meal, feather meal and fish meal). 2. The test ingredients were incorporated as the sole source of dietary protein in assay diets. Each diet was offered ad libitum to 3 pens (4 birds/pen) from d 35 to d 42 post-hatching. Total collection of excreta was carried out during the last 4 d. All birds were killed on d 42 and the contents of the lower half of the ileum were collected. Apparent ileal and excreta amino acid digestibilities were calculated using acid-insoluble ash as the indigestible marker. 3. The influence of site of measurement was found to vary among food ingredients, among samples within an ingredient and among different amino acids within an ingredient. Ileal amino acid digestibility values were similar in some ingredients, but significantly lower or higher in others than the corresponding excreta values. 4. Average ileal and excreta amino acid digestibilities in sorghum and maize were similar, but significant differences were observed for individual amino acids. In contrast, ileal amino acid digestibility values were higher than the corresponding excreta digestibility values in wheat. 5. The average ileal and excreta digestibilites of amino acids in the 3 soyabean meal samples were similar although small, but significant differences were noted for individual amino acids. Site of measurement had no effect on the digestibility of amino acids in canola meal. Digestibilities of valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, histidine, glutamic acid, alanine and tyrosine in sunflower meal and those of valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, glutamic acid and alanine in cottonseed meal were lower by excreta analysis. 6. Digestibilities in animal protein meals, with the exception of blood meal and fish meal, were consistently higher by excreta analysis. Ileal-excreta differences in individual amino acid digestibilities were more evident in feather meal, meat meal and meat-and-bone meal. 7. Threonine and valine were the indispensable amino acids that were more frequently influenced by the site of measurement. Of the dispensable amino acids, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid and alanine were the most affected. 8. Differences determined between ileal and excreta digestibilities in the present study clearly demonstrate that amino acid metabolism by hindgut microflora in chickens may be substantial and that digestibilities measured in the terminal ileum are more accurate measures of amino acid availability than those measured in the excreta. |
Author | RAVINDRAN, V. RAVINDRAN, G. BRYDEN, W.L. HEW, L.I. |
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BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10465395$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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References | SIRIWAN E (CIT0027) 1994; 71 McNAB J.M. (CIT0009) 1994 SAUER W.C. (CIT0022) 1986; 15 CIT0031 RAVINDRAN V. (CIT0018) 1999; 50 SALTER D.N. (CIT0020) 1974; 32 SALTER D.N. (CIT0019) 1971; 26 SWEENEY R.A. (CIT0030) 1989; 72 SIRIWAN E (CIT0026) 1993; 34 McNAB J.M. (CIT0010) 1995 GARGALLO J. (CIT0007) 1981; 111 FAN M.Z. (CIT0006) 1995; 52 BIELORAI R. (CIT0003) 1991; 33 SOARES J.H. (CIT0028) 1971; 50 ANGKANAFORN K. (CIT0001) 1997; 38 BLACKBURN S. (CIT0004) 1978 RAHARJO Y. (CIT0017) 1984; 12 SIBBALD It. (CIT0024) 1987; 67 PARSONS C.M. (CIT0015) 1982; 61 TEN DOESCHATE RA.H.M. (CIT0005) 1993; 34 PAYNE W.L. (CIT0016) 1968; 27 O'DELL B.L. (CIT0013) 1960; 39 PAFADOFOULOS M.C. (CIT0014) 1985; 41 SALTER D.N. (CIT0021) 1974; 31 SUMMERS D.J. (CIT0029) 1985; 64 KUIKEN K.A. (CIT0008) 1948; 36 SAUER W.C. (CIT0023) 1991; 69 (CIT0011) 1996 BIELORAI R. (CIT0002) 1987; 117 MISIR R. (CIT0012) 1982; 55 SILBERNAGL S. (CIT0025) 1988; 68 |
References_xml | – volume-title: Minitab User's Guide, Version 11 year: 1996 ident: CIT0011 – volume: 67 start-page: 221 year: 1987 ident: CIT0024 publication-title: Canadian Journal of Animal Science doi: 10.4141/cjas87-028 contributor: fullname: SIBBALD It. – volume-title: Amino Acid Determination: Methods and Techniques year: 1978 ident: CIT0004 contributor: fullname: BLACKBURN S. – volume: 33 start-page: 15 year: 1991 ident: CIT0003 publication-title: Animal Red Science and Technology doi: 10.1016/0377-8401(91)90042-Q contributor: fullname: BIELORAI R. – volume: 117 start-page: 1459 year: 1987 ident: CIT0002 publication-title: Journal of Nutrition doi: 10.1093/jn/117.8.1459 contributor: fullname: BIELORAI R. – volume: 50 year: 1999 ident: CIT0018 publication-title: Australian Journal of Agricultural Research doi: 10.1071/AR98174 contributor: fullname: RAVINDRAN V. – volume: 39 start-page: 426 year: 1960 ident: CIT0013 publication-title: Poultry Science doi: 10.3382/ps.0390426 contributor: fullname: O'DELL B.L. – volume: 41 start-page: 64 year: 1985 ident: CIT0014 publication-title: World's Poultry Science Journal doi: 10.1079/WPS19850006 contributor: fullname: PAFADOFOULOS M.C. – volume: 50 start-page: 1134 year: 1971 ident: CIT0028 publication-title: Poultry Science doi: 10.3382/ps.0501134 contributor: fullname: SOARES J.H. – volume: 36 start-page: 359 year: 1948 ident: CIT0008 publication-title: Journal of Nutrition doi: 10.1093/jn/36.3.359 contributor: fullname: KUIKEN K.A. – volume: 69 start-page: 4070 year: 1991 ident: CIT0023 publication-title: Journal of Animal Science doi: 10.2527/1991.69104070x contributor: fullname: SAUER W.C. – ident: CIT0031 – volume: 52 start-page: 189 year: 1995 ident: CIT0006 publication-title: Animal Red Science and Technology doi: 10.1016/0377-8401(94)00732-O contributor: fullname: FAN M.Z. – volume: 15 start-page: 367 year: 1986 ident: CIT0022 publication-title: Livestock Production Science doi: 10.1016/0301-6226(86)90076-X contributor: fullname: SAUER W.C. – volume: 34 start-page: 131 year: 1993 ident: CIT0005 publication-title: British Poultry Science doi: 10.1080/00071669308417569 contributor: fullname: TEN DOESCHATE RA.H.M. – volume: 31 start-page: 307 year: 1974 ident: CIT0021 publication-title: British Journal of Nutrition doi: 10.1079/BJN19740039 contributor: fullname: SALTER D.N. – volume: 111 start-page: 1390 year: 1981 ident: CIT0007 publication-title: Journal of Nutrition doi: 10.1093/jn/111.8.1390 contributor: fullname: GARGALLO J. – volume: 72 start-page: 770 year: 1989 ident: CIT0030 publication-title: Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists contributor: fullname: SWEENEY R.A. – volume: 12 start-page: 29 year: 1984 ident: CIT0017 publication-title: Animal Red Science and Technology doi: 10.1016/0377-8401(84)90034-8 contributor: fullname: RAHARJO Y. – volume: 38 start-page: 577 year: 1997 ident: CIT0001 publication-title: British Poultry Science doi: 10.1080/00071669708418039 contributor: fullname: ANGKANAFORN K. – volume: 64 start-page: 536 year: 1985 ident: CIT0029 publication-title: Poultry Science doi: 10.3382/ps.0640536 contributor: fullname: SUMMERS D.J. – volume: 34 start-page: 939 year: 1993 ident: CIT0026 publication-title: British Poultry Science doi: 10.1080/00071669308417654 contributor: fullname: SIRIWAN E – volume: 27 start-page: 1199 year: 1968 ident: CIT0016 publication-title: Federation Proceedings contributor: fullname: PAYNE W.L. – volume: 32 start-page: 625 year: 1974 ident: CIT0020 publication-title: British Journal of Nutrition doi: 10.1079/BJN19740115 contributor: fullname: SALTER D.N. – start-page: 7 volume-title: Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia 1995 year: 1995 ident: CIT0010 contributor: fullname: McNAB J.M. – volume: 61 start-page: 939 year: 1982 ident: CIT0015 publication-title: Poultry Science doi: 10.3382/ps.0610939 contributor: fullname: PARSONS C.M. – volume: 26 start-page: 55 year: 1971 ident: CIT0019 publication-title: British Journal of Nutrition doi: 10.1079/BJN19710008 contributor: fullname: SALTER D.N. – volume: 71 start-page: 515 year: 1994 ident: CIT0027 publication-title: British Journal of Nutrition doi: 10.1079/BJN19940159 contributor: fullname: SIRIWAN E – volume: 68 start-page: 911 year: 1988 ident: CIT0025 publication-title: Physiological Reviews doi: 10.1152/physrev.1988.68.3.911 contributor: fullname: SILBERNAGL S. – start-page: 63 volume-title: Amino Acids in Farm Animal Nutrition year: 1994 ident: CIT0009 contributor: fullname: McNAB J.M. – volume: 55 start-page: 599 year: 1982 ident: CIT0012 publication-title: Journal of Animal Science doi: 10.2527/jas1982.553599x contributor: fullname: MISIR R. |
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Snippet | 1. The apparent ileal and excreta digestibilities of amino acids in 15 samples representing 12 food ingredients were determined using 5-week-old male broiler... |
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StartPage | 266 |
SubjectTerms | Amino Acids Animal Feed Animals Chickens - physiology Diet Digestion Edible Grain Feathers Feces - chemistry Fishes Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry Glycine max Ileum Male Meat Triticum Zea mays |
Title | A comparison of ileal digesta and excreta analysis for the determination of amino acid digestibility in food ingredients for poultry |
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