A Call to Arms: Quest for a Cryptococcal Vaccine
Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptoco...
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Published in | Trends in microbiology (Regular ed.) Vol. 26; no. 5; pp. 436 - 446 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.05.2018
Elsevier Science Ltd |
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Abstract | Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis.
Expansion of Cryptococcus in unique patient populations and environmental niches highlights the need for a prophylactic vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis caused by virulent C. neoformans and C. gattii.
Vaccination with heat-killed Cryptococcus mutants containing cell-wall modifications appears to induce protective immune responses against cryptococcosis in mice.
Experimental studies show potential for eliciting long-lasting protective immunity against cryptococcosis in CD4+ T cell-deficient hosts.
Administration of fungal glycolipids, such as glucosylceramide, demonstrates significant protection against subsequent Cryptococcus infection in mice.
Mice vaccinated with an innovative β-glucan antigen-delivery platform containing immune stimulatory Cryptococcus fractions have protective anticryptococcal immune responses against virulent strains of C. neoformans and C. gattii. |
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AbstractList | Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis. Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide; particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis. Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis. Expansion of Cryptococcus in unique patient populations and environmental niches highlights the need for a prophylactic vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis caused by virulent C. neoformans and C. gattii. Vaccination with heat-killed Cryptococcus mutants containing cell-wall modifications appears to induce protective immune responses against cryptococcosis in mice. Experimental studies show potential for eliciting long-lasting protective immunity against cryptococcosis in CD4+ T cell-deficient hosts. Administration of fungal glycolipids, such as glucosylceramide, demonstrates significant protection against subsequent Cryptococcus infection in mice. Mice vaccinated with an innovative β-glucan antigen-delivery platform containing immune stimulatory Cryptococcus fractions have protective anticryptococcal immune responses against virulent strains of C. neoformans and C. gattii. |
Author | Caballero Van Dyke, Marley C. Wormley, Floyd L. |
AuthorAffiliation | The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America – name: The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marley C. surname: Caballero Van Dyke fullname: Caballero Van Dyke, Marley C. organization: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Floyd L. surname: Wormley fullname: Wormley, Floyd L. email: floyd.wormley@utsa.edu organization: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29103990$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Keywords | Cryptococcus gattii Cryptococcus cryptococcal vaccine Cryptococcus neoformans cryptococcosis |
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Snippet | Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed... Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide; particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed... |
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SubjectTerms | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS Animals Antigens, Fungal - immunology cryptococcal vaccine Cryptococcosis Cryptococcosis - immunology Cryptococcosis - prevention & control Cryptococcus Cryptococcus gattii Cryptococcus gattii - immunology Cryptococcus gattii - pathogenicity Cryptococcus neoformans Cryptococcus neoformans - immunology Cryptococcus neoformans - pathogenicity Disease Models, Animal Disease prevention Fungal infections Fungal Proteins - immunology Fungal Vaccines Fungi Glycolipids - immunology Humans Investment Literature reviews Morbidity R&D Recombinant Proteins - immunology Research & development Vaccination Vaccines Vaccines, Attenuated - immunology Vaccines, Inactivated - immunology Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology |
Title | A Call to Arms: Quest for a Cryptococcal Vaccine |
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