A Call to Arms: Quest for a Cryptococcal Vaccine

Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptoco...

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Published inTrends in microbiology (Regular ed.) Vol. 26; no. 5; pp. 436 - 446
Main Authors Caballero Van Dyke, Marley C., Wormley, Floyd L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2018
Elsevier Science Ltd
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Abstract Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis. Expansion of Cryptococcus in unique patient populations and environmental niches highlights the need for a prophylactic vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis caused by virulent C. neoformans and C. gattii. Vaccination with heat-killed Cryptococcus mutants containing cell-wall modifications appears to induce protective immune responses against cryptococcosis in mice. Experimental studies show potential for eliciting long-lasting protective immunity against cryptococcosis in CD4+ T cell-deficient hosts. Administration of fungal glycolipids, such as glucosylceramide, demonstrates significant protection against subsequent Cryptococcus infection in mice. Mice vaccinated with an innovative β-glucan antigen-delivery platform containing immune stimulatory Cryptococcus fractions have protective anticryptococcal immune responses against virulent strains of C. neoformans and C. gattii.
AbstractList Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis.
Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide; particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis.
Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine research, potential challenges that must be overcome along the way, and a literature review of the current progress underway towards developing a vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis. Expansion of Cryptococcus in unique patient populations and environmental niches highlights the need for a prophylactic vaccine to prevent cryptococcosis caused by virulent C. neoformans and C. gattii. Vaccination with heat-killed Cryptococcus mutants containing cell-wall modifications appears to induce protective immune responses against cryptococcosis in mice. Experimental studies show potential for eliciting long-lasting protective immunity against cryptococcosis in CD4+ T cell-deficient hosts. Administration of fungal glycolipids, such as glucosylceramide, demonstrates significant protection against subsequent Cryptococcus infection in mice. Mice vaccinated with an innovative β-glucan antigen-delivery platform containing immune stimulatory Cryptococcus fractions have protective anticryptococcal immune responses against virulent strains of C. neoformans and C. gattii.
Author Caballero Van Dyke, Marley C.
Wormley, Floyd L.
AuthorAffiliation The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
– name: The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
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  givenname: Marley C.
  surname: Caballero Van Dyke
  fullname: Caballero Van Dyke, Marley C.
  organization: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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  givenname: Floyd L.
  surname: Wormley
  fullname: Wormley, Floyd L.
  email: floyd.wormley@utsa.edu
  organization: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29103990$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 5
Keywords Cryptococcus gattii
Cryptococcus
cryptococcal vaccine
Cryptococcus neoformans
cryptococcosis
Language English
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Snippet Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed...
Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide; particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed...
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SubjectTerms Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Animals
Antigens, Fungal - immunology
cryptococcal vaccine
Cryptococcosis
Cryptococcosis - immunology
Cryptococcosis - prevention & control
Cryptococcus
Cryptococcus gattii
Cryptococcus gattii - immunology
Cryptococcus gattii - pathogenicity
Cryptococcus neoformans
Cryptococcus neoformans - immunology
Cryptococcus neoformans - pathogenicity
Disease Models, Animal
Disease prevention
Fungal infections
Fungal Proteins - immunology
Fungal Vaccines
Fungi
Glycolipids - immunology
Humans
Investment
Literature reviews
Morbidity
R&D
Recombinant Proteins - immunology
Research & development
Vaccination
Vaccines
Vaccines, Attenuated - immunology
Vaccines, Inactivated - immunology
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Title A Call to Arms: Quest for a Cryptococcal Vaccine
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2017.10.002
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29103990
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2072290998
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1961037744
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5910246
Volume 26
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