Molecular Chaperones and Proteolytic Machineries Regulate Protein Homeostasis in Aging Cells

Throughout their life cycles, cells are subject to a variety of stresses that lead to a compromise between cell death and survival. Survival is partially provided by the cell proteostasis network, which consists of molecular chaperones, a ubiquitin-proteasome system of degradation and autophagy. The...

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Published inCells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 9; no. 5; p. 1308
Main Authors Margulis, Boris, Tsimokha, Anna, Zubova, Svetlana, Guzhova, Irina
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 24.05.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Age
Aging
Animals
Autophagy
Cell death
Cell growth
Cell survival
Cellular Senescence
Chaperones
Cooperativity
Degeneration
Disease
Endoplasmic reticulum
Fibroblasts
Heat shock proteins
Homeostasis
Humans
Kinases
Life cycles
Models, Biological
molecular chaperones
Molecular Chaperones - metabolism
Nematodes
Oxidative stress
Phagocytosis
Polypeptides
Proteasomes
Protein biosynthesis
Protein synthesis
Protein transport
Proteolysis
Proteostasis
Review
Senescence
Stress response
Ubiquitin
ubiquitin-proteasomal system
autophagy
aging
molecular chaperones
ubiquitin-proteasomal system
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ISSN2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI10.3390/cells9051308

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Abstract Throughout their life cycles, cells are subject to a variety of stresses that lead to a compromise between cell death and survival. Survival is partially provided by the cell proteostasis network, which consists of molecular chaperones, a ubiquitin-proteasome system of degradation and autophagy. The cooperation of these systems impacts the correct function of protein synthesis/modification/transport machinery starting from the adaption of nascent polypeptides to cellular overcrowding until the utilization of damaged or needless proteins. Eventually, aging cells, in parallel to the accumulation of flawed proteins, gradually lose their proteostasis mechanisms, and this loss leads to the degeneration of large cellular masses and to number of age-associated pathologies and ultimately death. In this review, we describe the function of proteostasis mechanisms with an emphasis on the possible associations between them.
AbstractList Throughout their life cycles, cells are subject to a variety of stresses that lead to a compromise between cell death and survival. Survival is partially provided by the cell proteostasis network, which consists of molecular chaperones, a ubiquitin-proteasome system of degradation and autophagy. The cooperation of these systems impacts the correct function of protein synthesis/modification/transport machinery starting from the adaption of nascent polypeptides to cellular overcrowding until the utilization of damaged or needless proteins. Eventually, aging cells, in parallel to the accumulation of flawed proteins, gradually lose their proteostasis mechanisms, and this loss leads to the degeneration of large cellular masses and to number of age-associated pathologies and ultimately death. In this review, we describe the function of proteostasis mechanisms with an emphasis on the possible associations between them.Throughout their life cycles, cells are subject to a variety of stresses that lead to a compromise between cell death and survival. Survival is partially provided by the cell proteostasis network, which consists of molecular chaperones, a ubiquitin-proteasome system of degradation and autophagy. The cooperation of these systems impacts the correct function of protein synthesis/modification/transport machinery starting from the adaption of nascent polypeptides to cellular overcrowding until the utilization of damaged or needless proteins. Eventually, aging cells, in parallel to the accumulation of flawed proteins, gradually lose their proteostasis mechanisms, and this loss leads to the degeneration of large cellular masses and to number of age-associated pathologies and ultimately death. In this review, we describe the function of proteostasis mechanisms with an emphasis on the possible associations between them.
Throughout their life cycles, cells are subject to a variety of stresses that lead to a compromise between cell death and survival. Survival is partially provided by the cell proteostasis network, which consists of molecular chaperones, a ubiquitin-proteasome system of degradation and autophagy. The cooperation of these systems impacts the correct function of protein synthesis/modification/transport machinery starting from the adaption of nascent polypeptides to cellular overcrowding until the utilization of damaged or needless proteins. Eventually, aging cells, in parallel to the accumulation of flawed proteins, gradually lose their proteostasis mechanisms, and this loss leads to the degeneration of large cellular masses and to number of age-associated pathologies and ultimately death. In this review, we describe the function of proteostasis mechanisms with an emphasis on the possible associations between them.
Author Margulis, Boris
Tsimokha, Anna
Guzhova, Irina
Zubova, Svetlana
AuthorAffiliation Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; margulis@incras.ru (B.M.); atsimokha@incras.ru (A.T.); egretta_julia@mail.ru (S.Z.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; margulis@incras.ru (B.M.); atsimokha@incras.ru (A.T.); egretta_julia@mail.ru (S.Z.)
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Boris
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  fullname: Margulis, Boris
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Anna
  surname: Tsimokha
  fullname: Tsimokha, Anna
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Svetlana
  surname: Zubova
  fullname: Zubova, Svetlana
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Irina
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8775-7713
  surname: Guzhova
  fullname: Guzhova, Irina
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Snippet Throughout their life cycles, cells are subject to a variety of stresses that lead to a compromise between cell death and survival. Survival is partially...
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StartPage 1308
SubjectTerms Age
Aging
Animals
Autophagy
Cell death
Cell growth
Cell survival
Cellular Senescence
Chaperones
Cooperativity
Degeneration
Disease
Endoplasmic reticulum
Fibroblasts
Heat shock proteins
Homeostasis
Humans
Kinases
Life cycles
Models, Biological
molecular chaperones
Molecular Chaperones - metabolism
Nematodes
Oxidative stress
Phagocytosis
Polypeptides
Proteasomes
Protein biosynthesis
Protein synthesis
Protein transport
Proteolysis
Proteostasis
Review
Senescence
Stress response
Ubiquitin
ubiquitin-proteasomal system
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Title Molecular Chaperones and Proteolytic Machineries Regulate Protein Homeostasis in Aging Cells
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Volume 9
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