Performance analysis of polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cells

The status of research and development of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is described. Perfluorosulfonic acid membranes, e.g. Nafion, are widely used in fuel cell technology; but, despite their success, they show some drawbacks such as high cost, limited...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of power sources Vol. 243; pp. 519 - 534
Main Authors Lufrano, F., Baglio, V., Staiti, P., Antonucci, V., Arico', A.S.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.12.2013
Elsevier
Subjects
Applied sciences
Composite membranes
Crossovers
Density
Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation
Direct methanol fuel cells
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
Electrical power engineering
Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells
Electrolytes
Energy
Energy. Thermal use of fuels
Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc
Exact sciences and technology
Fuel cells
Membranes
Methyl alcohol
Nations
Operating temperature
Perfluorosulfonic acid
Performance analysis
Polymer electrolyte membranes
Composite membranes
Polymer electrolyte membranes
Direct methanol fuel cells
Performance analysis
Perfluorosulfonic acid
Performance evaluation
Polymeric membrane
Ion exchange membrane
Fluorosulfuric acid
Alcohol fuel cells
Primary alcohol
Methanol
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Abstract The status of research and development of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is described. Perfluorosulfonic acid membranes, e.g. Nafion, are widely used in fuel cell technology; but, despite their success, they show some drawbacks such as high cost, limited operating temperature range and high methanol crossover. These limit their widespread commercial application in DMFCs. Such disadvantages are inspiring worldwide research activities for developing new PEM materials based on non-perfluorinated polymers as alternative to Nafion for DMFCs. A review of membrane properties is carried out on the basis of thermal stability, methanol crossover and proton conductivity. The analysis of DMFC performance covers perfluorosulfonic acid membranes (PFSA), sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAPs) and composite membranes. PFSA membranes are suitable materials in terms of power density, SAPs are more advantageous regarding the low methanol permeability and cost, whereas composite membranes are more appropriate for operation above 100 °C. DMFC power density values reported in literature show that, although there are remarkable research efforts on this subject, the achieved results are not yet satisfying. Further work is especially necessary on non-perfluorinated polymers to improve performance and durability for an effective application in practical DMFC devices. •This review discusses recent advances in polymer electrolyte membranes for DMFCs.•The PFSA and SAP membranes show remarkable performances at temperatures up to 90 °C.•The composite membranes appear more suitable for DMFC applications above 100 °C.
AbstractList The status of research and development of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is described. Perfluorosulfonic acid membranes, e.g. Nation, are widely used in fuel cell technology; but, despite their success, they show some drawbacks such as high cost, limited operating temperature range and high methanol crossover. These limit their widespread commercial application in DMFCs. Such disadvantages are inspiring worldwide research activities for developing new PEM materials based on non-perfluorinated polymers as alternative to Nafion for DMFCs. A review of membrane properties is carried out on the basis of thermal stability, methanol crossover and proton conductivity. The analysis of DMFC performance covers perfluorosulfonic acid membranes (PFSA), sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAPs) and composite membranes. PFSA membranes are suitable materials in terms of power density, SAPs are more advantageous regarding the low methanol permeability and cost, whereas composite membranes are more appropriate for operation above 100 degree C. DMFC power density values reported in literature show that, although there are remarkable research efforts on this subject, the achieved results are not yet satisfying. Further work is especially necessary on non-perfluorinated polymers to improve performance and durability for an effective application in practical DMFC devices.
The status of research and development of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is described. Perfluorosulfonic acid membranes, e.g. Nafion, are widely used in fuel cell technology; but, despite their success, they show some drawbacks such as high cost, limited operating temperature range and high methanol crossover. These limit their widespread commercial application in DMFCs. Such disadvantages are inspiring worldwide research activities for developing new PEM materials based on non-perfluorinated polymers as alternative to Nafion for DMFCs. A review of membrane properties is carried out on the basis of thermal stability, methanol crossover and proton conductivity. The analysis of DMFC performance covers perfluorosulfonic acid membranes (PFSA), sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAPs) and composite membranes. PFSA membranes are suitable materials in terms of power density, SAPs are more advantageous regarding the low methanol permeability and cost, whereas composite membranes are more appropriate for operation above 100 °C. DMFC power density values reported in literature show that, although there are remarkable research efforts on this subject, the achieved results are not yet satisfying. Further work is especially necessary on non-perfluorinated polymers to improve performance and durability for an effective application in practical DMFC devices. •This review discusses recent advances in polymer electrolyte membranes for DMFCs.•The PFSA and SAP membranes show remarkable performances at temperatures up to 90 °C.•The composite membranes appear more suitable for DMFC applications above 100 °C.
Author Staiti, P.
Baglio, V.
Lufrano, F.
Arico', A.S.
Antonucci, V.
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  surname: Baglio
  fullname: Baglio, V.
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  givenname: A.S.
  surname: Arico'
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Keywords Composite membranes
Polymer electrolyte membranes
Direct methanol fuel cells
Performance analysis
Perfluorosulfonic acid
Performance evaluation
Polymeric membrane
Ion exchange membrane
Fluorosulfuric acid
Alcohol fuel cells
Primary alcohol
Methanol
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Snippet The status of research and development of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is described. Perfluorosulfonic acid...
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SubjectTerms Applied sciences
Composite membranes
Crossovers
Density
Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation
Direct methanol fuel cells
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
Electrical power engineering
Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells
Electrolytes
Energy
Energy. Thermal use of fuels
Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc
Exact sciences and technology
Fuel cells
Membranes
Methyl alcohol
Nations
Operating temperature
Perfluorosulfonic acid
Performance analysis
Polymer electrolyte membranes
Title Performance analysis of polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cells
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.05.180
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