Molecular and Cellular Factors Associated with Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer

Recent studies have demonstrated that racial differences can influence breast cancer incidence and survival rate. African American (AA) women are at two to three fold higher risk for breast cancer than other ethnic groups. AA women with aggressive breast cancers show worse prognoses and higher morta...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 16; p. 5936
Main Authors Charan, Manish, Verma, Ajeet K, Hussain, Shahid, Misri, Swati, Mishra, Sanjay, Majumder, Sarmila, Ramaswamy, Bhuvaneswari, Ahirwar, Dinesh, Ganju, Ramesh K
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 18.08.2020
MDPI
Subjects
African Americans - genetics
African Americans - statistics & numerical data
Angiogenesis
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology
Breast Neoplasms - ethnology
Breast Neoplasms - genetics
Chemokines
Cytokines
Epigenesis, Genetic
Female
Gene expression
Genetic engineering
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Growth factors
Humans
immune cells
Immune system
Inequality
Lymphocytes
Metastases
Metastasis
Minority & ethnic groups
Mortality
Mutation
Patients
Prognosis
Race
Race Factors
racial disparity
Recruitment
Review
tumor microenvironment
Tumors
United States
Womens health
United States
breast cancer
immune cells
racial disparity
tumor microenvironment
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Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that racial differences can influence breast cancer incidence and survival rate. African American (AA) women are at two to three fold higher risk for breast cancer than other ethnic groups. AA women with aggressive breast cancers show worse prognoses and higher mortality rates relative to Caucasian (CA) women. Over the last few years, effective treatment strategies have reduced mortality from breast cancer. Unfortunately, the breast cancer mortality rate among AA women remains higher compared to their CA counterparts. The focus of this review is to underscore the racial differences and differential regulation/expression of genetic signatures in CA and AA women with breast cancer. Moreover, immune cell infiltration significantly affects the clinical outcome of breast cancer. Here, we have reviewed recent findings on immune cell recruitment in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and documented its association with breast cancer racial disparity. In addition, we have extensively discussed the role of cytokines, chemokines, and other cell signaling molecules among AA and CA breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we have also reviewed the distinct genetic and epigenetic changes in AA and CA patients. Overall, this review article encompasses various molecular and cellular factors associated with breast cancer disparity that affects mortality and clinical outcome.
AbstractList Recent studies have demonstrated that racial differences can influence breast cancer incidence and survival rate. African American (AA) women are at two to three fold higher risk for breast cancer than other ethnic groups. AA women with aggressive breast cancers show worse prognoses and higher mortality rates relative to Caucasian (CA) women. Over the last few years, effective treatment strategies have reduced mortality from breast cancer. Unfortunately, the breast cancer mortality rate among AA women remains higher compared to their CA counterparts. The focus of this review is to underscore the racial differences and differential regulation/expression of genetic signatures in CA and AA women with breast cancer. Moreover, immune cell infiltration significantly affects the clinical outcome of breast cancer. Here, we have reviewed recent findings on immune cell recruitment in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and documented its association with breast cancer racial disparity. In addition, we have extensively discussed the role of cytokines, chemokines, and other cell signaling molecules among AA and CA breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we have also reviewed the distinct genetic and epigenetic changes in AA and CA patients. Overall, this review article encompasses various molecular and cellular factors associated with breast cancer disparity that affects mortality and clinical outcome.
Author Majumder, Sarmila
Ramaswamy, Bhuvaneswari
Misri, Swati
Mishra, Sanjay
Ahirwar, Dinesh
Verma, Ajeet K
Hussain, Shahid
Ganju, Ramesh K
Charan, Manish
AuthorAffiliation 2 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; sarmila.majumder@osumc.edu (S.M.); Bhuvaneswari.ramaswamy@osumc.edu (B.R.)
1 Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; charan.2@osu.edu (M.C.); Verma.201@osu.edu (A.K.V.); Shahid.sofi@osumc.edu (S.H.); Swati.misri@osumc.edu (S.M.); Sanjay.mishra@osumc.edu (S.M.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; sarmila.majumder@osumc.edu (S.M.); Bhuvaneswari.ramaswamy@osumc.edu (B.R.)
– name: 1 Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; charan.2@osu.edu (M.C.); Verma.201@osu.edu (A.K.V.); Shahid.sofi@osumc.edu (S.H.); Swati.misri@osumc.edu (S.M.); Sanjay.mishra@osumc.edu (S.M.)
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  surname: Ramaswamy
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– sequence: 8
  givenname: Dinesh
  surname: Ahirwar
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  organization: Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Ramesh K
  surname: Ganju
  fullname: Ganju, Ramesh K
  organization: Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824813$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 16
Keywords breast cancer
immune cells
racial disparity
tumor microenvironment
Language English
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Snippet Recent studies have demonstrated that racial differences can influence breast cancer incidence and survival rate. African American (AA) women are at two to...
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SubjectTerms African Americans - genetics
African Americans - statistics & numerical data
Angiogenesis
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology
Breast Neoplasms - ethnology
Breast Neoplasms - genetics
Chemokines
Cytokines
Epigenesis, Genetic
Female
Gene expression
Genetic engineering
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Growth factors
Humans
immune cells
Immune system
Inequality
Lymphocytes
Metastases
Metastasis
Minority & ethnic groups
Mortality
Mutation
Patients
Prognosis
Race
Race Factors
racial disparity
Recruitment
Review
tumor microenvironment
Tumors
United States
Womens health
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Title Molecular and Cellular Factors Associated with Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824813
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Volume 21
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