Bilayer-Embedded Lipid Droplets Coated with Perilipin-2 Display a Pancake Shape
Lipid droplets (LD) are organelles localized in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that play an important role in many biological functions. Free LDs that have been released from the ER membrane and are present in the cytosol resemble an oil-in-water emulsion. The surface of an LD is coa...
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Published in | International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 24; no. 3; p. 2072 |
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Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Abstract | Lipid droplets (LD) are organelles localized in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that play an important role in many biological functions. Free LDs that have been released from the ER membrane and are present in the cytosol resemble an oil-in-water emulsion. The surface of an LD is coated with a phospholipid monolayer, and the core of an LD is composed of neutral lipids. Adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), also known as perilipin-2, is a protein that surrounds the LD, together with the phospholipid monolayer. ADRP molecules are involved in assisting in the storage of neutral lipids within LDs. In this article, we focus our interest on the influence of ADRP molecules on the 3D shape of bilayer-embedded LDs and the diffusion of phospholipids in the monolayer covering LDs. For this study, we employed two different microfluidic setups: one to produce and explore bilayer-embedded LDs and a second one to mimic the surface of a single LD. Using the first setup, we demonstrate that ADRP molecules stay preferentially localized on the surfaces of bilayer-embedded LDs, and we study their 3D-shape in the presence of ADRP. Using the second setup, we performed FRAP experiments to measure the phospholipid diffusion on a model LD surface as a function of the ADRP concentration. Although the presence of proteins on the LD surface minimally affects the phospholipid and protein motility, ADRP appears to have a significant effect on the 3D structure of LDs embedded in the bilayer. |
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AbstractList | Lipid droplets (LD) are organelles localized in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that play an important role in many biological functions. Free LDs that have been released from the ER membrane and are present in the cytosol resemble an oil-in-water emulsion. The surface of an LD is coated with a phospholipid monolayer, and the core of an LD is composed of neutral lipids. Adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), also known as perilipin-2, is a protein that surrounds the LD, together with the phospholipid monolayer. ADRP molecules are involved in assisting in the storage of neutral lipids within LDs. In this article, we focus our interest on the influence of ADRP molecules on the 3D shape of bilayer-embedded LDs and the diffusion of phospholipids in the monolayer covering LDs. For this study, we employed two different microfluidic setups: one to produce and explore bilayer-embedded LDs and a second one to mimic the surface of a single LD. Using the first setup, we demonstrate that ADRP molecules stay preferentially localized on the surfaces of bilayer-embedded LDs, and we study their 3D-shape in the presence of ADRP. Using the second setup, we performed FRAP experiments to measure the phospholipid diffusion on a model LD surface as a function of the ADRP concentration. Although the presence of proteins on the LD surface minimally affects the phospholipid and protein motility, ADRP appears to have a significant effect on the 3D structure of LDs embedded in the bilayer. |
Author | Seemann, Ralf Puza, Sevde Asfia, Shima Fleury, Jean-Baptiste |
AuthorAffiliation | Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sevde surname: Puza fullname: Puza, Sevde organization: Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Shima surname: Asfia fullname: Asfia, Shima organization: Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Ralf orcidid: 0000-0002-4180-0819 surname: Seemann fullname: Seemann, Ralf organization: Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: Jean-Baptiste orcidid: 0000-0003-1878-0108 surname: Fleury fullname: Fleury, Jean-Baptiste organization: Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany |
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SubjectTerms | ADRP Biosynthesis Cholesterol Contact angle Cytosol Diffusion Droplets Endoplasmic reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum - metabolism FRAP Interfaces lipid droplet Lipid Droplets - metabolism Lipid Metabolism Lipids Localization Membranes Metabolism Microfluidics Microscopy Monolayers Organelles Perilipin-1 - metabolism Perilipin-2 - metabolism phospholipid Phospholipids Phospholipids - metabolism Proteins |
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Title | Bilayer-Embedded Lipid Droplets Coated with Perilipin-2 Display a Pancake Shape |
URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768395 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2774911793 https://search.proquest.com/docview/2775615311 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9916705 https://doaj.org/article/bdbd8310bf404c82a1ca62f7bb8b8026 |
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