A review of impact resistant biological and bioinspired materials and structures
Biological systems must have the capability to withstand impacts generated during collisions due to combat and defense. Thus, evolution has created complex materials’ architectures at various length scales that are capable of withstanding repeated, low-to-medium-velocity impacts (up to 50 m/s). In t...
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| Published in | Journal of materials research and technology Vol. 9; no. 6; pp. 15705 - 15738 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.11.2020
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2238-7854 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.10.062 |
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| Abstract | Biological systems must have the capability to withstand impacts generated during collisions due to combat and defense. Thus, evolution has created complex materials’ architectures at various length scales that are capable of withstanding repeated, low-to-medium-velocity impacts (up to 50 m/s). In this paper, we review impact resistant biological systems with a focus on their recurrent structural design elements, material properties, and energy absorbing mechanisms. We classify these impact resistant structures at the micro- and meso-scales into layered, gradient, tubular, sandwich, and sutured and show how they construct global hierarchical, composite, porous, and interfacial architectures. Additionally, we review how these individual structures and their design parameters can provide a tailored response. We conclude with a future outlook and discussion of their potential for impact resistant bioinspired designs. |
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| AbstractList | Biological systems must have the capability to withstand impacts generated during collisions due to combat and defense. Thus, evolution has created complex materials’ architectures at various length scales that are capable of withstanding repeated, low-to-medium-velocity impacts (up to 50 m/s). In this paper, we review impact resistant biological systems with a focus on their recurrent structural design elements, material properties, and energy absorbing mechanisms. We classify these impact resistant structures at the micro- and meso-scales into layered, gradient, tubular, sandwich, and sutured and show how they construct global hierarchical, composite, porous, and interfacial architectures. Additionally, we review how these individual structures and their design parameters can provide a tailored response. We conclude with a future outlook and discussion of their potential for impact resistant bioinspired designs. |
| Author | Gómez-del Río, Teresa Lazarus, Benjamin S. Velasco-Hogan, Audrey Meyers, Marc A. Jasiuk, Iwona |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Benjamin S. orcidid: 0000-0001-6332-5580 surname: Lazarus fullname: Lazarus, Benjamin S. email: bslazaru@eng.ucsd.edu organization: Materials Science and Engineering Program, U. of California, San Diego, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Audrey surname: Velasco-Hogan fullname: Velasco-Hogan, Audrey organization: Materials Science and Engineering Program, U. of California, San Diego, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Teresa surname: Gómez-del Río fullname: Gómez-del Río, Teresa organization: Materials Science and Engineering Program, U. of California, San Diego, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Marc A. surname: Meyers fullname: Meyers, Marc A. organization: Materials Science and Engineering Program, U. of California, San Diego, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Iwona orcidid: 0000-0001-9663-4734 surname: Jasiuk fullname: Jasiuk, Iwona organization: Mechanical Science and Engineering Department, U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA |
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| Keywords | Impact resistance Bioinspiration Natural composite materials Hierarchical materials Structural design motifs Biological materials |
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