Cerebral Functional Response during Eyelid Opening/Closing with Bell’s Phenomenon and Volitional Vertical Eye Movements in Humans
Bell’s phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in healthy individuals, the neural mechanism related to Bell’s phenomenon has not yet been identified. We aimed to investigate the brain regions rele...
Saved in:
| Published in | The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine Vol. 240; no. 2; pp. 141 - 146 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Japan
Tohoku University Medical Press
01.10.2016
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Bell’s phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in healthy individuals, the neural mechanism related to Bell’s phenomenon has not yet been identified. We aimed to investigate the brain regions relevant to Bell’s phenomenon and volitional eye movement using [15O] H2O and positron emission tomography (PET). We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 8 normal subjects under 3 conditions: at rest with eyes closed, during opening and closing of the eyelids in response to sound stimuli (lid opening/closing), and during vertical movement of the eyes with lids closed in response to sound stimuli (volitional eye movement). The supplementary motor area (SMA) proper, right superior temporal gyrus, right insular cortex and left angular gyrus were activated during lid opening/closing. The right frontal eye field (FEF), pre-SMA, left primary motor area, right angular gyrus, and SMA proper were activated during volitional eye movement. The SMA proper was active during both tasks, while the FEF and pre-SMA were active during volitional eye movement, but not during eyelid opening/closing. A comparison of activation during volitional eye movements and lid opening/closing tasks revealed a relative increase in rCBF in the FEF. There were no areas that are activated in relation to Bell’s phenomenon. In conclusion, activation in the FEF mainly occurs during volitional eye movement. Since Bell’s phenomenon is a reflexive eye movement, the FEF is scarcely concerned in Bell’s phenomenon. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Bell’s phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in healthy individuals, the neural mechanism related to Bell’s phenomenon has not yet been identified. We aimed to investigate the brain regions relevant to Bell’s phenomenon and volitional eye movement using [15O] H2O and positron emission tomography (PET). We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 8 normal subjects under 3 conditions: at rest with eyes closed, during opening and closing of the eyelids in response to sound stimuli (lid opening/closing), and during vertical movement of the eyes with lids closed in response to sound stimuli (volitional eye movement). The supplementary motor area (SMA) proper, right superior temporal gyrus, right insular cortex and left angular gyrus were activated during lid opening/closing. The right frontal eye field (FEF), pre-SMA, left primary motor area, right angular gyrus, and SMA proper were activated during volitional eye movement. The SMA proper was active during both tasks, while the FEF and pre-SMA were active during volitional eye movement, but not during eyelid opening/closing. A comparison of activation during volitional eye movements and lid opening/closing tasks revealed a relative increase in rCBF in the FEF. There were no areas that are activated in relation to Bell’s phenomenon. In conclusion, activation in the FEF mainly occurs during volitional eye movement. Since Bell’s phenomenon is a reflexive eye movement, the FEF is scarcely concerned in Bell’s phenomenon. Bell's phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in healthy individuals, the neural mechanism related to Bell's phenomenon has not yet been identified. We aimed to investigate the brain regions relevant to Bell's phenomenon and volitional eye movement using [15O] H2O and positron emission tomography (PET). We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 8 normal subjects under 3 conditions: at rest with eyes closed, during opening and closing of the eyelids in response to sound stimuli (lid opening/closing), and during vertical movement of the eyes with lids closed in response to sound stimuli (volitional eye movement). The supplementary motor area (SMA) proper, right superior temporal gyrus, right insular cortex and left angular gyrus were activated during lid opening/closing. The right frontal eye field (FEF), pre-SMA, left primary motor area, right angular gyrus, and SMA proper were activated during volitional eye movement. The SMA proper was active during both tasks, while the FEF and pre-SMA were active during volitional eye movement, but not during eyelid opening/closing. A comparison of activation during volitional eye movements and lid opening/closing tasks revealed a relative increase in rCBF in the FEF. There were no areas that are activated in relation to Bell's phenomenon. In conclusion, activation in the FEF mainly occurs during volitional eye movement. Since Bell's phenomenon is a reflexive eye movement, the FEF is scarcely concerned in Bell's phenomenon.Bell's phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in healthy individuals, the neural mechanism related to Bell's phenomenon has not yet been identified. We aimed to investigate the brain regions relevant to Bell's phenomenon and volitional eye movement using [15O] H2O and positron emission tomography (PET). We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 8 normal subjects under 3 conditions: at rest with eyes closed, during opening and closing of the eyelids in response to sound stimuli (lid opening/closing), and during vertical movement of the eyes with lids closed in response to sound stimuli (volitional eye movement). The supplementary motor area (SMA) proper, right superior temporal gyrus, right insular cortex and left angular gyrus were activated during lid opening/closing. The right frontal eye field (FEF), pre-SMA, left primary motor area, right angular gyrus, and SMA proper were activated during volitional eye movement. The SMA proper was active during both tasks, while the FEF and pre-SMA were active during volitional eye movement, but not during eyelid opening/closing. A comparison of activation during volitional eye movements and lid opening/closing tasks revealed a relative increase in rCBF in the FEF. There were no areas that are activated in relation to Bell's phenomenon. In conclusion, activation in the FEF mainly occurs during volitional eye movement. Since Bell's phenomenon is a reflexive eye movement, the FEF is scarcely concerned in Bell's phenomenon. Bell's phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in healthy individuals, the neural mechanism related to Bell's phenomenon has not yet been identified. We aimed to investigate the brain regions relevant to Bell's phenomenon and volitional eye movement using [ O] H O and positron emission tomography (PET). We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 8 normal subjects under 3 conditions: at rest with eyes closed, during opening and closing of the eyelids in response to sound stimuli (lid opening/closing), and during vertical movement of the eyes with lids closed in response to sound stimuli (volitional eye movement). The supplementary motor area (SMA) proper, right superior temporal gyrus, right insular cortex and left angular gyrus were activated during lid opening/closing. The right frontal eye field (FEF), pre-SMA, left primary motor area, right angular gyrus, and SMA proper were activated during volitional eye movement. The SMA proper was active during both tasks, while the FEF and pre-SMA were active during volitional eye movement, but not during eyelid opening/closing. A comparison of activation during volitional eye movements and lid opening/closing tasks revealed a relative increase in rCBF in the FEF. There were no areas that are activated in relation to Bell's phenomenon. In conclusion, activation in the FEF mainly occurs during volitional eye movement. Since Bell's phenomenon is a reflexive eye movement, the FEF is scarcely concerned in Bell's phenomenon. |
| Author | Kiyosawa, Motohiro Oda, Keiichi Suzuki, Yukihisa Ishii, Kenji Ishiwata, Kiichi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Suzuki, Yukihisa organization: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School – sequence: 2 fullname: Kiyosawa, Motohiro organization: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School – sequence: 3 fullname: Ishiwata, Kiichi organization: Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology – sequence: 4 fullname: Oda, Keiichi organization: Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology – sequence: 5 fullname: Ishii, Kenji organization: Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27725571$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp1kc1u1DAUhS1URKeFHWvkJQvS-i9xsgNGLUUqKkJtt5aTXHc8SuzBdkDdIfEUvF6fpI5mpkhILCzfa3_nyL7nCB047wCh15Sc0IqR07SG8YSJ3An6DC0oF03BOWsO0IIQQYpaMnmIjmJcE8IFkdULdMikZGUp6QL9XkKANugBn0-uS9a7XH6DuPEuAu6nYN0dPruHwfb4agMut6fLwcf5-KdNK_wRhuHh15-Iv67A-TEvh7Xr8a0f7M7uFkKyXS6yD_7if0CmUsTW4Ytp1C6-RM-NHiK82u3H6Ob87Hp5UVxeffq8_HBZdEJWqZAVoUIw3XJmWtKANrzpNRgpOlPrsi5ZI0vGKtZUtNU1qQzhpeyMLtvGtLXgx-jt1ncT_PcJYlKjjV1-v3bgp6hozUsuZcVkRt_s0KkdoVebYEcd7tV-cBlgW6ALPsYARnU26fnDKWg7KErUnI6a01E5HZXTyaJ3_4j2vv_B32_xdUz6Dp5gPY9zgL8w20uerrqVDgocfwRoVqrx |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_36303_SAJAA_2021_27_5_2580 crossref_primary_10_1093_imammb_dqab010 crossref_primary_10_1167_iovs_62_6_8 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.817 10.1212/WNL.53.8.1800 10.1038/jcbfm.1990.88 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.128801 10.1002/ana.410370504 10.1007/BF00154383 10.1016/j.clinph.2004.11.001 10.1620/tjem.222.97 10.1038/jcbfm.1991.122 10.1016/S0197-4580(00)00224-4 10.1016/S0926-6410(00)00069-0 10.1093/cercor/6.3.342 10.1016/j.neucli.2004.01.002 10.1002/ana.1063 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2016 Tohoku University Medical Press |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2016 Tohoku University Medical Press |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1620/tjem.240.141 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 1349-3329 |
| EndPage | 146 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 27725571 10_1620_tjem_240_141 article_tjem_240_2_240_141_article_char_en |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GroupedDBID | --- -~X .55 .GJ 123 29Q 2WC 36B 3O- 53G 5RE 7.U AABQG AAUGY ACGFO ADBBV AEGXH AENEX AFUVZ AIAGR ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BAWUL CS3 DIK DU5 E3Z EBD EMB EMOBN F5P GX1 JSF JSH KQ8 L7B MK0 M~E OK1 P2P RJT RNS RZJ SV3 TKC TR2 W2D WH7 X7J X7M XSB ZGI ZXP AAYXX ABCQX CITATION OVT CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-7601442ab32fb09eaf39daef74cf8a58529752262961ba806f0357cfa5b9fb843 |
| ISSN | 0040-8727 1349-3329 |
| IngestDate | Fri Jul 11 16:27:15 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 07:02:53 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 01:28:56 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:04:37 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 17 20:26:50 EDT 2023 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 2 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c476t-7601442ab32fb09eaf39daef74cf8a58529752262961ba806f0357cfa5b9fb843 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tjem/240/2/240_141/_article/-char/en |
| PMID | 27725571 |
| PQID | 1835377627 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 6 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_1835377627 pubmed_primary_27725571 crossref_citationtrail_10_1620_tjem_240_141 crossref_primary_10_1620_tjem_240_141 jstage_primary_article_tjem_240_2_240_141_article_char_en |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2016-10-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2016-10-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 10 year: 2016 text: 2016-10-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Japan |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Japan |
| PublicationTitle | The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Tohoku J. Exp. Med. |
| PublicationYear | 2016 |
| Publisher | Tohoku University Medical Press |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Tohoku University Medical Press |
| References | Hanes, D.P., Patterson, W.F. 2nd. & Schall, J.D. (1998) Role of frontal eye fields in countermanding saccades: visual, movement, and fixation activity. J. Neurophysiol., 79, 817-834. Pierrot-Deseilligny, C., Rivaud, S., Gaymard, B., Muri, R. & Vermersch, A.I. (1995) Cortical control of saccades. Ann. Neurol., 37, 557-567. Bodis-Wollner, I., Bucher, S.F. & Seelos, K.C. (1999) Cortical activation patterns during voluntary blinks and voluntary saccades. Neurology, 53, 1800-1805. Bruce, C.J. & Goldberg, M.E. (1985) Primate frontal eye fields. I. Single neurons discharging before saccades. J. Neurophysiol., 53, 603-635. Friston, K.J., Frith, C.D., Liddle, P.F. & Frackowiak, R.S. (1991) Comparing functional (PET) images: the assessment of significant change. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 11, 690-699. van Eimeren, T., Boecker, H., Konkiewitz, E.C., Schwaiger, M., Conrad, B. & Ceballos-Baumann, A.O. (2001) Right lateralized motor cortex activation during volitional blinking. Ann. Neurol., 49, 813-816. Talairach, J. & Tournoux, P. (1988) Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. 3-dimentional proportional system: an approach to cerebral imaging, Thieme Medical Publishers, Stuttgart. Friston, K.J., Frith, C.D., Liddle, P.F., Dolan, R.J., Lammertsma, A.A. & Frackowiak, R.S.J. (1990) The relationship between global and local changes in PET scans. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 10, 458-466. Suzuki, Y., Kiyosawa, M., Mochiuki, M., Ishiwata, K. & Ishii, K. (2010) The pre-supplementary and primary motor areas generate rhythm for voluntary eye opening and closing movements. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 222, 97-104. Picard, N. & Strick, P.L. (1996) Motor areas of the medial wall: a review of their location and functional activation. Cereb. Cortex, 6, 342-353. Schubotz, R.I. & von Cramon, D.Y. (2001) Functional organization of the lateral premotor cortex: fMRI reveals different regions activated by anticipation of object properties, location and speed. Brain Res. Cogn. Brain Res., 11, 97-112. Schreurs, B.G., Bahro, M., Molchan, S.E., Sunderland, T., Anthony, R. & McIntosh, A.R. (2001) Interactions of prefrontal cortex during eyeblink conditioning as a function of age. Neurobiol. Aging, 22, 237-246. Bour, L.J., Aramideh, M. & de Visser, B.W. (2000) Neurophysiological aspects of eye and eyelid movements during blinking in humans. J. Neurophysiol., 83, 166-176. Iwasaki, M., Kellinghaus, C., Alexopoulos, A.V., Burgess, R.C., Kumar, A.N., Han, Y.H., et al. (2005) Effects of eyelid closure, blinks, and eye movements on the electroencephalogram. Clin. Neurophysiol., 116, 878-885. Takagi, M., Abe, H., Hasegawa, S. & Usui, T. (1992) Reconsideration of Bell’s phenomenon using a magnetic search coil method. Doc. Ophthalmol., 80, 343-852. Graser, J.S. (1999) Neuro-ophthalmology, 3rd ed., J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia. Cassanello, R.C. & Ferrea, V.P. (2007) Computing vector differences using a gain field-like mechanism in monkey frontal eye field. J. Physiol., 582, 647-664. Fox, P.T. & Mintun, M.A. (1989) Noninvasive functional brain mapping by change-distribution analysis of averaged PET images of H215O tissue activity. J. Nucl. Med., 30, 141-149. Esteban, A., Traba, A. & Prieto, J. (2004) Eyelid movements in health and disease. The supranuclear impairment of the palpebral motility. Neurophysiol. Clin., 34, 3-15. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |
| References_xml | – reference: Hanes, D.P., Patterson, W.F. 2nd. & Schall, J.D. (1998) Role of frontal eye fields in countermanding saccades: visual, movement, and fixation activity. J. Neurophysiol., 79, 817-834. – reference: Bour, L.J., Aramideh, M. & de Visser, B.W. (2000) Neurophysiological aspects of eye and eyelid movements during blinking in humans. J. Neurophysiol., 83, 166-176. – reference: Friston, K.J., Frith, C.D., Liddle, P.F. & Frackowiak, R.S. (1991) Comparing functional (PET) images: the assessment of significant change. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 11, 690-699. – reference: Fox, P.T. & Mintun, M.A. (1989) Noninvasive functional brain mapping by change-distribution analysis of averaged PET images of H215O tissue activity. J. Nucl. Med., 30, 141-149. – reference: Talairach, J. & Tournoux, P. (1988) Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. 3-dimentional proportional system: an approach to cerebral imaging, Thieme Medical Publishers, Stuttgart. – reference: Iwasaki, M., Kellinghaus, C., Alexopoulos, A.V., Burgess, R.C., Kumar, A.N., Han, Y.H., et al. (2005) Effects of eyelid closure, blinks, and eye movements on the electroencephalogram. Clin. Neurophysiol., 116, 878-885. – reference: Cassanello, R.C. & Ferrea, V.P. (2007) Computing vector differences using a gain field-like mechanism in monkey frontal eye field. J. Physiol., 582, 647-664. – reference: Schubotz, R.I. & von Cramon, D.Y. (2001) Functional organization of the lateral premotor cortex: fMRI reveals different regions activated by anticipation of object properties, location and speed. Brain Res. Cogn. Brain Res., 11, 97-112. – reference: Bruce, C.J. & Goldberg, M.E. (1985) Primate frontal eye fields. I. Single neurons discharging before saccades. J. Neurophysiol., 53, 603-635. – reference: Bodis-Wollner, I., Bucher, S.F. & Seelos, K.C. (1999) Cortical activation patterns during voluntary blinks and voluntary saccades. Neurology, 53, 1800-1805. – reference: Picard, N. & Strick, P.L. (1996) Motor areas of the medial wall: a review of their location and functional activation. Cereb. Cortex, 6, 342-353. – reference: van Eimeren, T., Boecker, H., Konkiewitz, E.C., Schwaiger, M., Conrad, B. & Ceballos-Baumann, A.O. (2001) Right lateralized motor cortex activation during volitional blinking. Ann. Neurol., 49, 813-816. – reference: Graser, J.S. (1999) Neuro-ophthalmology, 3rd ed., J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia. – reference: Esteban, A., Traba, A. & Prieto, J. (2004) Eyelid movements in health and disease. The supranuclear impairment of the palpebral motility. Neurophysiol. Clin., 34, 3-15. – reference: Friston, K.J., Frith, C.D., Liddle, P.F., Dolan, R.J., Lammertsma, A.A. & Frackowiak, R.S.J. (1990) The relationship between global and local changes in PET scans. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 10, 458-466. – reference: Pierrot-Deseilligny, C., Rivaud, S., Gaymard, B., Muri, R. & Vermersch, A.I. (1995) Cortical control of saccades. Ann. Neurol., 37, 557-567. – reference: Suzuki, Y., Kiyosawa, M., Mochiuki, M., Ishiwata, K. & Ishii, K. (2010) The pre-supplementary and primary motor areas generate rhythm for voluntary eye opening and closing movements. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 222, 97-104. – reference: Schreurs, B.G., Bahro, M., Molchan, S.E., Sunderland, T., Anthony, R. & McIntosh, A.R. (2001) Interactions of prefrontal cortex during eyeblink conditioning as a function of age. Neurobiol. Aging, 22, 237-246. – reference: Takagi, M., Abe, H., Hasegawa, S. & Usui, T. (1992) Reconsideration of Bell’s phenomenon using a magnetic search coil method. Doc. Ophthalmol., 80, 343-852. – ident: 2 – ident: 10 doi: 10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.817 – ident: 3 – ident: 18 – ident: 1 doi: 10.1212/WNL.53.8.1800 – ident: 7 doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.1990.88 – ident: 4 doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.128801 – ident: 13 doi: 10.1002/ana.410370504 – ident: 17 doi: 10.1007/BF00154383 – ident: 11 doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2004.11.001 – ident: 16 doi: 10.1620/tjem.222.97 – ident: 8 doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.1991.122 – ident: 14 doi: 10.1016/S0197-4580(00)00224-4 – ident: 15 doi: 10.1016/S0926-6410(00)00069-0 – ident: 12 doi: 10.1093/cercor/6.3.342 – ident: 6 – ident: 9 – ident: 5 doi: 10.1016/j.neucli.2004.01.002 – ident: 19 doi: 10.1002/ana.1063 |
| SSID | ssj0034076 |
| Score | 2.1001005 |
| Snippet | Bell’s phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in... Bell's phenomenon is a physiological phenomenon wherein the eye ball involuntarily rolls upward during eyelid closing. Although this phenomenon occurs in... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed crossref jstage |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 141 |
| SubjectTerms | Adult Bell’s phenomenon Cerebrovascular Circulation Cerebrum - blood supply Cerebrum - physiology Electrooculography Eye Movements - physiology Eyelids - physiology Female frontal eye field Humans Male Models, Biological Motor Activity positron emission tomography regional cerebral blood flow Rest Subtraction Technique volitional eye movement Young Adult |
| Title | Cerebral Functional Response during Eyelid Opening/Closing with Bell’s Phenomenon and Volitional Vertical Eye Movements in Humans |
| URI | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tjem/240/2/240_141/_article/-char/en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27725571 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1835377627 |
| Volume | 240 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2016, Vol.240(2), pp.141-146 |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bb9MwFLaqgRAviDvlJiPBU5WuiZ3bI6pWJqYiBN1UniIncUhGaVCTaOqekPgV_CV-Br-E40ucbGzS4CWNXNtNe76ei_2dY4ReJjEDq5ARK7O9wKK2zSxoEHck4VlIOKUi33n-zts_pG-X7nIw-NVjLTV1PE5OL8wr-R-pQhvIVWTJ_oNkzaTQAPcgX7iChOF6JRlP-Ubs-65GM7BOelHvgyK98jYBcW_LV0U6EsQReXzJbLoqK7MCK9NzNN8hrEbvc74WJRk0RflIkuPktEeSfy2KEG-FIpBVxmvJpZXbAFXfyV2Uefml6RelOHOOwPnt_I_NaaMOz_4Er3lRGUtxUGzLip1I_3Ze1mVebMoOy3lxwpTve1AUSV6Y9eJUNfKuVS9r2J4hyBlVTSegqlXhgDFX2pnQ0CJEL5Fo9e2ock8ap05PGduqpJa263qp8y-T4TmCY1kf869jmGpsBvUrc5-zmIbHKCIoGB-J0RGMhkAKIvFrDoQs4jSNN0tDNyIQOHstg1N8LZ2EAaN3-599xj26fgwRwmd-efAjnaDFbXRLRy_4tYLiHTTg67voxlwL9B760SISd4jELSKxQiRWiMQakbsaj1jgEQs8_v7-s8IdEjEgEXdIxC0SxTzYIBEXa6yQeB8dzvYW031LH_NhJdT3akuwsih1WEycLJ6EnGUkTBnPfJpkAYNwViR_Q5TghJ4ds2DiZRPi-knG3DjM4oCSB2gHnoY_QpgFnLpB6lGxW57ClDyLIf5JJ9xJvITRIRq1v26U6Br44iiWVXSRJIfolen9TdV-uaRfqARlemmN0PVy2r7mLZFUCTpsiF60so1AsYvdOrbmZVNFYGtd4oOv4g_RQyV0M78AmOv69uMrPuETdLP7jz1FO_Wm4c_Ama7j5xKlfwA5PdGz |
| linkProvider | Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cerebral+Functional+Response+during+Eyelid+Opening%2FClosing+with+Bell%E2%80%99s+Phenomenon+and+Volitional+Vertical+Eye+Movements+in+Humans&rft.jtitle=Tohoku+journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.au=Suzuki%2C+Yukihisa&rft.au=Kiyosawa%2C+Motohiro&rft.au=Ishiwata%2C+Kiichi&rft.au=Oda%2C+Keiichi&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.issn=0040-8727&rft.eissn=1349-3329&rft.volume=240&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.epage=146&rft_id=info:doi/10.1620%2Ftjem.240.141&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1620_tjem_240_141 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0040-8727&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0040-8727&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0040-8727&client=summon |