Emotional intensity: Measurement and theoretical implications
The individual difference construct of emotional intensity has received substantial theoretical and empirical attention. However, the principal measure used to measure emotional intensity appears to confound frequency with intensity in the response format. We developed the Emotional Intensity Scale...
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Published in | Personality and individual differences Vol. 17; no. 2; pp. 191 - 199 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.08.1994
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | The individual difference construct of emotional intensity has received substantial theoretical and empirical attention. However, the principal measure used to measure emotional intensity appears to confound frequency with intensity in the response format. We developed the Emotional Intensity Scale (EIS) to make available a measure of emotional intensity independent of frequency. The EIS demonstrated strong internal reliability and temporal stability. Some of the theoretical implications of the correlations that were obtained among positive affect, negative affect, Extraversion, and Neuroticism are described. |
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AbstractList | Developed the Emotional Intensity Scale (EIS) to make available a measure of intensity independent of frequency. The EIS demonstrated strong internal reliability and temporal stability. (Original abstract-amended) The individual difference construct of emotional intensity has received substantial theoretical and empirical attention. However, the principal measure used to measure emotional intensity appears to confound frequency with intensity in the response format. We developed the Emotional Intensity Scale (EIS) to make available a measure of emotional intensity independent of frequency. The EIS demonstrated strong internal reliability and temporal stability. Some of the theoretical implications of the correlations that were obtained among positive affect, negative affect, Extraversion, and Neuroticism are described. |
Author | Braaten, Ellen B. Bachorowski, Jo-Anne |
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References | Strelau (BIB25) 1987; 21 Eysenck (BIB10) 1981 Derryberry, Rothbart (BIB5) 1988; 55 Larsen, Diener (BIB21) 1987; 21 Wallace, Bachorowski, Newman (BIB26) 1991; 25 Emmons, King (BIB8) 1989; 56 Fowles (BIB14) 1987; 21 Russell (BIB24) 1991; 110 Gray (BIB17) 1981 Eisenberg, Fabes, Schaller, Miller, Carlo, Poulin, Shea, Shell (BIB7) 1991; 61 Gray (BIB18) 1987; 21 Cooper, McConville (BIB3) 1989; 10 Russell (BIB23) 1980; 39 Diener, Larsen, Levine, Emmons (BIB6) 1985; 48 Eysenck, Eysenck (BIB11) 1985 Eysenck (BIB9) 1967 Braaten, Bachorowski (BIB2) 1993, April Eysenck, Eysenck (BIB12) 1975 Jancke (BIB19) 1993; 14 Fowles (BIB13) 1980; 17 Watson, Tellegen (BIB27) 1985; 98 Frijda (BIB15) 1988; 41 Cooper, McConville (BIB4) 1993; 14 Larsen, Diener (BIB20) 1985; 6 Bachorowski, Newman (BIB1) 1990; 58 Larsen, Ketelaar (BIB22) 1991; 61 Fujita, Diener, Sandvik (BIB16) 1991; 61 Jancke (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB19) 1993; 14 Russell (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB24) 1991; 110 Derryberry (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB5) 1988; 55 Diener (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB6) 1985; 48 Cooper (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB3) 1989; 10 Fowles (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB14) 1987; 21 Gray (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB17) 1981 Gray (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB18) 1987; 21 Larsen (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB20) 1985; 6 Fujita (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB16) 1991; 61 Eysenck (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB12) 1975 Eysenck (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB10) 1981 Cooper (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB4) 1993; 14 Emmons (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB8) 1989; 56 Watson (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB27) 1985; 98 Frijda (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB15) 1988; 41 Eysenck (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB9) 1967 Bachorowski (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB1) 1990; 58 Strelau (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB25) 1987; 21 Wallace (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB26) 1991; 25 Larsen (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB21) 1987; 21 Russell (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB23) 1980; 39 Eysenck (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB11) 1985 Fowles (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB13) 1980; 17 Larsen (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB22) 1991; 61 Braaten (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB2) 1993 Eisenberg (10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB7) 1991; 61 |
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Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.48.5.1253 contributor: fullname: Diener – year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB2 article-title: Emotional intensity scale: Psychometric and behavioral validation contributor: fullname: Braaten – volume: 55 start-page: 958 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB5 article-title: Arousal, affect, and attention as components of temperament publication-title: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.55.6.958 contributor: fullname: Derryberry – volume: 98 start-page: 219 year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB27 article-title: Toward a consensual structure of mood publication-title: Psychological Bulletin doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.219 contributor: fullname: Watson – volume: 58 start-page: 512 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB1 article-title: Impulsive motor behavior: The effects of personality and goal salience publication-title: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.58.3.512 contributor: fullname: Bachorowski – start-page: 1 year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB10 article-title: General features of the model contributor: fullname: Eysenck – volume: 61 start-page: 427 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB16 article-title: Gender differences in negative affect and well-being: The case for emotional intensity publication-title: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.61.3.427 contributor: fullname: Fujita – volume: 39 start-page: 1161 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB23 article-title: A circumflex model in affect publication-title: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology doi: 10.1037/h0077714 contributor: fullname: Russell – volume: 10 start-page: 919 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB3 article-title: The factorial equivalence of state Anxiety—negative affect and state Extraversion—positive affect publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(89)90027-5 contributor: fullname: Cooper – volume: 21 start-page: 510 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB25 article-title: Emotion as a key concept in temperament research publication-title: Journal of Research in Personality doi: 10.1016/0092-6566(87)90037-7 contributor: fullname: Strelau – volume: 41 start-page: 349 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB15 article-title: The laws of emotion publication-title: American Psychologist doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.43.5.349 contributor: fullname: Frijda – volume: 61 start-page: 459 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB7 article-title: Personality and socialization correlates of vicarious emotional responding publication-title: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.61.3.459 contributor: fullname: Eisenberg – volume: 56 start-page: 478 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB8 article-title: Personal striving differentiation and affective reactivity publication-title: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.56.3.478 contributor: fullname: Emmons – year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB12 contributor: fullname: Eysenck – year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB11 contributor: fullname: Eysenck – volume: 17 start-page: 87 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB13 article-title: The three arousal model: Implications of Gray's two-factor learning theory for heart rate, electrodermal activity, and psychopathy publication-title: Psychophysiology doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1980.tb00117.x contributor: fullname: Fowles – volume: 21 start-page: 417 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB14 article-title: Application of a behavioral theory of motivation to the concepts of anxiety and impulsivity publication-title: Journal of Research in Personality doi: 10.1016/0092-6566(87)90030-4 contributor: fullname: Fowles – volume: 6 start-page: 631 year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB20 article-title: A multitrait-multimethod examination of affect structure: Hedonic level and emotional intensity publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(85)90013-3 contributor: fullname: Larsen – volume: 14 start-page: 113 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB19 article-title: Different facial EMG-reactions of extraverts and introverts to pictures with positive, negative and neutral valence publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(93)90180-B contributor: fullname: Jancke – year: 1967 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB9 contributor: fullname: Eysenck – volume: 21 start-page: 1 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB21 article-title: Affect intensity as an individual difference characteristic: A review publication-title: Journal of Research in Personality doi: 10.1016/0092-6566(87)90023-7 contributor: fullname: Larsen – volume: 14 start-page: 135 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB4 article-title: Affect intensity: Factor or artifact? publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(93)90183-4 contributor: fullname: Cooper – volume: 61 start-page: 132 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB22 article-title: Personality and susceptibility to positive and negative emotional states publication-title: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.132 contributor: fullname: Larsen – start-page: 246 year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90025-6_BIB17 article-title: A critique of Eysenck's theory of personality contributor: fullname: Gray |
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Snippet | The individual difference construct of emotional intensity has received substantial theoretical and empirical attention. However, the principal measure used to... Developed the Emotional Intensity Scale (EIS) to make available a measure of intensity independent of frequency. The EIS demonstrated strong internal... |
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SubjectTerms | Affectivity. Emotion Biological and medical sciences Emotions Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Intensity Measures Personality. Affectivity Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology |
Title | Emotional intensity: Measurement and theoretical implications |
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