Turn‐On Fluorescence in Tetra‐NHC Ligands by Rigidification through Metal Complexation: An Alternative to Aggregation‐Induced Emission
Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4L‐Et](PF6)4 and [H4L‐Bu](PF6)4, were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI and AuI tetracarbene complexes [Ag2(L‐Et)](PF6)2, [Ag2(L‐Bu)](PF6)2, [Au2(L‐Et)](PF6)2, and [Au2(L‐Bu)](PF6)2. The tetraimidazolium salts sh...
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| Published in | Angewandte Chemie International Edition Vol. 56; no. 10; pp. 2785 - 2789 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Germany
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.03.2017
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| Edition | International ed. in English |
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| Abstract | Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4L‐Et](PF6)4 and [H4L‐Bu](PF6)4, were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI and AuI tetracarbene complexes [Ag2(L‐Et)](PF6)2, [Ag2(L‐Bu)](PF6)2, [Au2(L‐Et)](PF6)2, and [Au2(L‐Bu)](PF6)2. The tetraimidazolium salts show almost no fluorescence (ΦF<1 %) in dilute solution while their NHC complexes display fluorescence “turn‐on” (ΦF up to 47 %). This can be ascribed to rigidification mediated by the restriction of intramolecular rotation within the TPE moiety upon complexation. DFT calculations confirm that the metals are not involved in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states, thus explaining the lack of phosphorescence and fast intersystem crossing as a result of heavy atom effects. The rigidification upon complexation for fluorescence turn‐on constitutes an alternative to the known aggregation‐induced emission (AIE).
Stop rotating! Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetrakis‐NHC precursors display fluorescence turn‐on in dilute solution upon formation of organometallic chelate complexes. The fluorescence enhancement can be attributed to the rigidification of the TPE moiety, caused by restriction of its intramolecular rotation. This ridigification method for the fluorescence turn‐on constitutes an alternative approach to aggregation‐induced emission. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H
4
L
‐Et](PF
6
)
4
and [H
4
L
‐Bu](PF
6
)
4
, were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear Ag
I
and Au
I
tetracarbene complexes [Ag
2
(
L
‐Et)](PF
6
)
2
, [Ag
2
(
L
‐Bu)](PF
6
)
2
, [Au
2
(
L
‐Et)](PF
6
)
2
, and [Au
2
(
L
‐Bu)](PF
6
)
2
. The tetraimidazolium salts show almost no fluorescence (
Φ
F
<1 %) in dilute solution while their NHC complexes display fluorescence “turn‐on” (
Φ
F
up to 47 %). This can be ascribed to rigidification mediated by the restriction of intramolecular rotation within the TPE moiety upon complexation. DFT calculations confirm that the metals are not involved in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states, thus explaining the lack of phosphorescence and fast intersystem crossing as a result of heavy atom effects. The rigidification upon complexation for fluorescence turn‐on constitutes an alternative to the known aggregation‐induced emission (AIE). Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4L-Et](PF6)4 and [H4L-Bu](PF6)4, were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI and AuI tetracarbene complexes [Ag2(L-Et)](PF6)2, [Ag2(L-Bu)](PF6)2, [Au2(L-Et)](PF6)2, and [Au2(L-Bu)](PF6)2. The tetraimidazolium salts show almost no fluorescence (ΦF<1%) in dilute solution while their NHC complexes display fluorescence "turn-on" (ΦF up to 47%). This can be ascribed to rigidification mediated by the restriction of intramolecular rotation within the TPE moiety upon complexation. DFT calculations confirm that the metals are not involved in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states, thus explaining the lack of phosphorescence and fast intersystem crossing as a result of heavy atom effects. The rigidification upon complexation for fluorescence turn-on constitutes an alternative to the known aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4L‐Et](PF6)4 and [H4L‐Bu](PF6)4, were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI and AuI tetracarbene complexes [Ag2(L‐Et)](PF6)2, [Ag2(L‐Bu)](PF6)2, [Au2(L‐Et)](PF6)2, and [Au2(L‐Bu)](PF6)2. The tetraimidazolium salts show almost no fluorescence (ΦF<1 %) in dilute solution while their NHC complexes display fluorescence “turn‐on” (ΦF up to 47 %). This can be ascribed to rigidification mediated by the restriction of intramolecular rotation within the TPE moiety upon complexation. DFT calculations confirm that the metals are not involved in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states, thus explaining the lack of phosphorescence and fast intersystem crossing as a result of heavy atom effects. The rigidification upon complexation for fluorescence turn‐on constitutes an alternative to the known aggregation‐induced emission (AIE). Stop rotating! Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetrakis‐NHC precursors display fluorescence turn‐on in dilute solution upon formation of organometallic chelate complexes. The fluorescence enhancement can be attributed to the rigidification of the TPE moiety, caused by restriction of its intramolecular rotation. This ridigification method for the fluorescence turn‐on constitutes an alternative approach to aggregation‐induced emission. Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4 L-Et](PF6 )4 and [H4 L-Bu](PF6 )4 , were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI and AuI tetracarbene complexes [Ag2 (L-Et)](PF6 )2 , [Ag2 (L-Bu)](PF6 )2 , [Au2 (L-Et)](PF6 )2 , and [Au2 (L-Bu)](PF6 )2 . The tetraimidazolium salts show almost no fluorescence (ΦF <1 %) in dilute solution while their NHC complexes display fluorescence "turn-on" (ΦF up to 47 %). This can be ascribed to rigidification mediated by the restriction of intramolecular rotation within the TPE moiety upon complexation. DFT calculations confirm that the metals are not involved in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states, thus explaining the lack of phosphorescence and fast intersystem crossing as a result of heavy atom effects. The rigidification upon complexation for fluorescence turn-on constitutes an alternative to the known aggregation-induced emission (AIE).Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4 L-Et](PF6 )4 and [H4 L-Bu](PF6 )4 , were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI and AuI tetracarbene complexes [Ag2 (L-Et)](PF6 )2 , [Ag2 (L-Bu)](PF6 )2 , [Au2 (L-Et)](PF6 )2 , and [Au2 (L-Bu)](PF6 )2 . The tetraimidazolium salts show almost no fluorescence (ΦF <1 %) in dilute solution while their NHC complexes display fluorescence "turn-on" (ΦF up to 47 %). This can be ascribed to rigidification mediated by the restriction of intramolecular rotation within the TPE moiety upon complexation. DFT calculations confirm that the metals are not involved in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states, thus explaining the lack of phosphorescence and fast intersystem crossing as a result of heavy atom effects. The rigidification upon complexation for fluorescence turn-on constitutes an alternative to the known aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H L-Et](PF ) and [H L-Bu](PF ) , were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear Ag and Au tetracarbene complexes [Ag (L-Et)](PF ) , [Ag (L-Bu)](PF ) , [Au (L-Et)](PF ) , and [Au (L-Bu)](PF ) . The tetraimidazolium salts show almost no fluorescence (Φ <1 %) in dilute solution while their NHC complexes display fluorescence "turn-on" (Φ up to 47 %). This can be ascribed to rigidification mediated by the restriction of intramolecular rotation within the TPE moiety upon complexation. DFT calculations confirm that the metals are not involved in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states, thus explaining the lack of phosphorescence and fast intersystem crossing as a result of heavy atom effects. The rigidification upon complexation for fluorescence turn-on constitutes an alternative to the known aggregation-induced emission (AIE). |
| Author | Tan, Tristan T. Y. Strassert, Cristian A. Doltsinis, Nikos L. Stegemann, Linda Hahn, F. Ekkehardt Sinha, Narayan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Narayan surname: Sinha fullname: Sinha, Narayan organization: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster – sequence: 2 givenname: Linda surname: Stegemann fullname: Stegemann, Linda organization: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster – sequence: 3 givenname: Tristan T. Y. surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Tristan T. Y. organization: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster – sequence: 4 givenname: Nikos L. surname: Doltsinis fullname: Doltsinis, Nikos L. organization: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster – sequence: 5 givenname: Cristian A. surname: Strassert fullname: Strassert, Cristian A. email: ca.s@uni-muenster.de organization: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster – sequence: 6 givenname: F. Ekkehardt surname: Hahn fullname: Hahn, F. Ekkehardt email: fehahn@uni-muenster.de organization: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28128484$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim |
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| Keywords | organometallic complexes fluorescence tetraphenylethylene rigidification poly-NHC ligands |
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| Snippet | Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4L‐Et](PF6)4 and [H4L‐Bu](PF6)4, were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI... Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H 4 L ‐Et](PF 6 ) 4 and [H 4 L ‐Bu](PF 6 ) 4 , were used as precursors for the synthesis of the... Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H L-Et](PF ) and [H L-Bu](PF ) , were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear Ag... Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4L-Et](PF6)4 and [H4L-Bu](PF6)4, were used as precursors for the synthesis of the dinuclear AgI... Two tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetraimidazolium salts, [H4 L-Et](PF6 )4 and [H4 L-Bu](PF6 )4 , were used as precursors for the synthesis of the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Agglomeration Complexation Dilution Emission Emissions Fluorescence Metals organometallic complexes Phosphorescence poly-NHC ligands rigidification Salts tetraphenylethylene |
| Title | Turn‐On Fluorescence in Tetra‐NHC Ligands by Rigidification through Metal Complexation: An Alternative to Aggregation‐Induced Emission |
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