Quantification of myocardial blood flow with ultrasound-induced destruction of microbubbles administered as a constant venous infusion

Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, meas...

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Published inCirculation (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 97; no. 5; pp. 473 - 483
Main Authors WEI, K, JAYAWEERA, A. R, FIROOZAN, S, LINKA, A, SKYBA, D. M, KAUL, S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Hagerstown, MD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 10.02.1998
American Heart Association, Inc
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Abstract Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta. MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound.
AbstractList BACKGROUNDUltrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two.METHODS AND RESULTSEx vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta.CONCLUSIONSMBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound.
BACKGROUND: Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta. CONCLUSIONS: MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound.
Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta. MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound.
Background —Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. Methods and Results —Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non–flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y = A (1− e −β t ), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and β reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and β, as well as flow and the product of A and β. Conclusions —MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound.
Author SKYBA, D. M
FIROOZAN, S
JAYAWEERA, A. R
KAUL, S
WEI, K
LINKA, A
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  givenname: A. R
  surname: JAYAWEERA
  fullname: JAYAWEERA, A. R
  organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States
– sequence: 3
  givenname: S
  surname: FIROOZAN
  fullname: FIROOZAN, S
  organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States
– sequence: 4
  givenname: A
  surname: LINKA
  fullname: LINKA, A
  organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States
– sequence: 5
  givenname: D. M
  surname: SKYBA
  fullname: SKYBA, D. M
  organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States
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  surname: KAUL
  fullname: KAUL, S
  organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9490243$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 5
Keywords Heart
Sonography
Human
Flow rate
Echocardiography
Intravenous administration
Quantization
Exploration
Method
Blood
Myocardium
Circulatory system
Hemodynamics
Language English
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PublicationTitle Circulation (New York, N.Y.)
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American Heart Association, Inc
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e_1_3_2_10_2
(e_1_3_2_19_2) 1984; 3
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(e_1_3_2_2_2) 1997; 272
(e_1_3_2_18_2) 1981; 241
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  doi: 10.1161/circ.88.2.8339423
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  year: 1997
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  doi: 10.1109/42.20364
– volume: 96
  start-page: 959
  year: 1997
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  publication-title: Circulation
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Snippet Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and...
Background —Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the...
BACKGROUND: Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the...
BACKGROUNDUltrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium...
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StartPage 473
SubjectTerms Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular system
Contrast Media
Coronary Circulation - physiology
Coronary Vessels - diagnostic imaging
Coronary Vessels - physiology
Coronary Vessels - physiopathology
Dogs
Echocardiography
Heart - physiology
Hemodynamics - physiology
In Vitro Techniques
Infusions, Intravenous
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Medical sciences
Microspheres
Models, Cardiovascular
Sonication
Ultrasonic investigative techniques
Title Quantification of myocardial blood flow with ultrasound-induced destruction of microbubbles administered as a constant venous infusion
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