Quantification of myocardial blood flow with ultrasound-induced destruction of microbubbles administered as a constant venous infusion
Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, meas...
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Published in | Circulation (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 97; no. 5; pp. 473 - 483 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Hagerstown, MD
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
10.02.1998
American Heart Association, Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two.
Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta.
MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound. |
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AbstractList | BACKGROUNDUltrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two.METHODS AND RESULTSEx vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta.CONCLUSIONSMBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound. BACKGROUND: Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta. CONCLUSIONS: MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound. Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y=A(1-e[-betat]), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and beta reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and beta, as well as flow and the product of A and beta. MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound. Background —Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. Methods and Results —Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (n=7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (n=5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (n=9), non–flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: y = A (1− e −β t ), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and β reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and β, as well as flow and the product of A and β. Conclusions —MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles. This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound. |
Author | SKYBA, D. M FIROOZAN, S JAYAWEERA, A. R KAUL, S WEI, K LINKA, A |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: K surname: WEI fullname: WEI, K organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: A. R surname: JAYAWEERA fullname: JAYAWEERA, A. R organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: S surname: FIROOZAN fullname: FIROOZAN, S organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: A surname: LINKA fullname: LINKA, A organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: D. M surname: SKYBA fullname: SKYBA, D. M organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: S surname: KAUL fullname: KAUL, S organization: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States |
BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2141938$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9490243$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Cites_doi | 10.1161/01.CIR.96.3.785 10.1177/016173469201400204 10.1161/circ.84.5.1657448 10.1161/res.74.6.8187282 10.1161/circ.94.7.1726 10.1161/circ.88.2.8339423 10.1016/0735-1097(92)90205-2 10.1016/0735-1097(96)00017-4 10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.6.H2100 10.1109/42.20364 10.1016/S0894-7317(14)80063-1 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1994.tb01381.x 10.1016/0002-8703(94)90526-6 10.1161/circ.90.3.8087957 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00029-6 |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Biological and medical sciences Cardiovascular system Contrast Media Coronary Circulation - physiology Coronary Vessels - diagnostic imaging Coronary Vessels - physiology Coronary Vessels - physiopathology Dogs Echocardiography Heart - physiology Hemodynamics - physiology In Vitro Techniques Infusions, Intravenous Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Medical sciences Microspheres Models, Cardiovascular Sonication Ultrasonic investigative techniques |
Title | Quantification of myocardial blood flow with ultrasound-induced destruction of microbubbles administered as a constant venous infusion |
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