Opportunities for a probabilistic risk assessment of chemicals in the European Union
In risk assessment of new and existing substances, it is current practice to characterise risk using a deterministic quotient of the exposure concentration, or the dose, and a no-effect level. A sense of uncertainty is tackled by introducing worst-case assumptions in the methodology. Since this proc...
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| Published in | Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 43; no. 2; pp. 257 - 264 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.04.2001
Elsevier |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | In risk assessment of new and existing substances, it is current practice to characterise risk using a deterministic quotient of the exposure concentration, or the dose, and a no-effect level. A sense of uncertainty is tackled by introducing worst-case assumptions in the methodology. Since this procedure leads to an assessment with an unknown degree of conservatism, it is advisable to deal quantitatively with uncertainties. This paper discusses the advantages and possibilities of a probabilistic risk assessment framework, illustrated with an example calculation. Furthermore, representatives of EU Member States and the chemical industry were interviewed to find out their views on applying uncertainty analysis to risk assessment of industrial chemicals. |
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| AbstractList | In risk assessment of new and existing substances, it is current practice to characterise risk using a deterministic quotient of the exposure concentration, or the dose, and a no-effect level. A sense of uncertainty is tackled by introducing worst-case assumptions in the methodology. Since this procedure leads to an assessment with an unknown degree of conservatism, it is advisable to deal quantitatively with uncertainties. This paper discusses the advantages and possibilities of a probabilistic risk assessment framework, illustrated with an example calculation. Furthermore, representatives of EU Member States and the chemical industry were interviewed to find out their views on applying uncertainty analysis to risk assessment of industrial chemicals. |
| Author | Vermeire, Theo G Jager, Tjalling Rikken, Mathieu G.J van der Poel, Paul |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Tjalling surname: Jager fullname: Jager, Tjalling email: dt.jager@rivm.nl organization: Laboratory for Ecotoxicology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands – sequence: 2 givenname: Theo G surname: Vermeire fullname: Vermeire, Theo G organization: Centre for Substances and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands – sequence: 3 givenname: Mathieu G.J surname: Rikken fullname: Rikken, Mathieu G.J organization: Centre for Substances and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands – sequence: 4 givenname: Paul surname: van der Poel fullname: van der Poel, Paul organization: Laboratory for Waste Materials and Emissions, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1006/rtph.1993.1059 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00281.x 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00028.x 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00269.x 10.1006/eesa.1996.0071 10.1021/es972418b 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00327-5 10.1080/10807039609383660 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1996.tb01432.x 10.1080/10807039.1996.10387456 10.1021/es00067a014 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00017-9 10.1016/0045-6535(92)90217-F 10.1080/10807039609383639 10.1080/10408449991349249 10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00141-1 10.1006/eesa.1993.1006 |
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| Keywords | TGD EUSES Uncertainty analysis Risk assessment Uncertainty Pollution Health and environment Ecotoxicology Toxicity European Union Ecosystem Environment impact Dose equivalent Risk analysis Public health Chemical product |
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| References_xml | – volume: 34 start-page: 1823 year: 1997 end-page: 1836 ident: BIB22 article-title: European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances EUSES. Principles and structure publication-title: Chemosphere contributor: fullname: Van der Zandt – volume: 23 start-page: 1154 year: 1989 end-page: 1163 ident: BIB14 article-title: Human exposure to chemicals through food chains: an uncertainty analysis publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. contributor: fullname: Ryan – volume: 24 start-page: 611 year: 1992 end-page: 627 ident: BIB4 article-title: Ecotoxicological risk assessment of the cationic fabric softener DTDMAC II. Exposure modelling publication-title: Chemosphere contributor: fullname: De Greef – volume: 31 start-page: 370 year: 1997 end-page: 375 ident: BIB16 article-title: Fallacies in ecological risk assessment practices publication-title: Environ. Sci. 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Risk Assess. doi: 10.1080/10807039609383639 contributor: fullname: Moore – volume: 29 start-page: 439 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB23 article-title: Assessment factors for human health risk assessment: a discussion paper publication-title: Crit. Rev. Toxicol. doi: 10.1080/10408449991349249 contributor: fullname: Vermeire – ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB12 – ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB5 – ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB6 – volume: 61 start-page: 337 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB13 article-title: Mapping the potentially affected fraction (PAF) of species as a basis for comparison of ecotoxicological risks between substances and regions publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00141-1 contributor: fullname: Klepper – ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB7 – ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB11 – volume: 25 start-page: 48 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB1 article-title: Confidence limits for hazardous concentrations based on logistically distributed NOEC toxicity data publication-title: Ecotoxic Environ. Safety doi: 10.1006/eesa.1993.1006 contributor: fullname: Aldenberg – ident: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00087-4_BIB19 |
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| SubjectTerms | Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Applied sciences Biological and medical sciences Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Environment. Living conditions Environmental Exposure - standards Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data European Union EUSES Exact sciences and technology Food Contamination Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Global environmental pollution Humans Industrial Waste International Cooperation Medical sciences Models, Statistical No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level Pollution Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Risk assessment Risk Assessment - legislation & jurisprudence Risk Assessment - methods Soil Pollutants TGD uncertainty Uncertainty analysis Water Pollution |
| Title | Opportunities for a probabilistic risk assessment of chemicals in the European Union |
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