Astrogliosis as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases

•We briefly review the role of astrocytes in brain function.•We review the main pathways in astrocytic dysfunction.•We focus on astroglial-specific targets for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders.•We describe the usefulness of a systems biology approach in drug discovery for neurodege...

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Published inNeuroscience letters Vol. 565; pp. 59 - 64
Main Authors Colangelo, Anna Maria, Alberghina, Lilia, Papa, Michele
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Ireland Elsevier Ireland Ltd 17.04.2014
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Abstract •We briefly review the role of astrocytes in brain function.•We review the main pathways in astrocytic dysfunction.•We focus on astroglial-specific targets for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders.•We describe the usefulness of a systems biology approach in drug discovery for neurodegenerative disorders. Chronic neurodegenerative diseases represent major unmet needs for therapeutic interventions. Recently, the neurocentric view of brain function and disease has been challenged by a great number of evidence supporting the physiopathological potential of neuroglia. Astrocytes, in particular, play a pivotal role in brain homeostasis as they actively participate in neuronal metabolism, synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection. Furthermore, they are intrinsic components of brain responses to toxic and traumatic insults through complex processes involving several molecular and functional alterations that may lead to disruption of brain homeostasis and connectivity. This review provides a brief overview of current knowledge of astrocyte functions in the brain, and focuses on some glial-specific pathways involved in astrocytic dysfunction that might be effective therapeutic targets for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders.
AbstractList •We briefly review the role of astrocytes in brain function.•We review the main pathways in astrocytic dysfunction.•We focus on astroglial-specific targets for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders.•We describe the usefulness of a systems biology approach in drug discovery for neurodegenerative disorders. Chronic neurodegenerative diseases represent major unmet needs for therapeutic interventions. Recently, the neurocentric view of brain function and disease has been challenged by a great number of evidence supporting the physiopathological potential of neuroglia. Astrocytes, in particular, play a pivotal role in brain homeostasis as they actively participate in neuronal metabolism, synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection. Furthermore, they are intrinsic components of brain responses to toxic and traumatic insults through complex processes involving several molecular and functional alterations that may lead to disruption of brain homeostasis and connectivity. This review provides a brief overview of current knowledge of astrocyte functions in the brain, and focuses on some glial-specific pathways involved in astrocytic dysfunction that might be effective therapeutic targets for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders.
Chronic neurodegenerative diseases represent major unmet needs for therapeutic interventions. Recently, the neurocentric view of brain function and disease has been challenged by a great number of evidence supporting the physiopathological potential of neuroglia. Astrocytes, in particular, play a pivotal role in brain homeostasis as they actively participate in neuronal metabolism, synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection. Furthermore, they are intrinsic components of brain responses to toxic and traumatic insults through complex processes involving several molecular and functional alterations that may lead to disruption of brain homeostasis and connectivity. This review provides a brief overview of current knowledge of astrocyte functions in the brain, and focuses on some glial-specific pathways involved in astrocytic dysfunction that might be effective therapeutic targets for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders.
Author Papa, Michele
Colangelo, Anna Maria
Alberghina, Lilia
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  surname: Colangelo
  fullname: Colangelo, Anna Maria
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  givenname: Lilia
  surname: Alberghina
  fullname: Alberghina, Lilia
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– sequence: 3
  givenname: Michele
  surname: Papa
  fullname: Papa, Michele
  organization: Laboratory of Morfology of Neural Networks, Department of Medicina Pubblica Clinica e Preventiva, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24457173$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords Reactive astrogliosis
NO
Neuroprotection
TNFα
JNK
ALS
CNS
Iba1
COX-1/2
LPS
GLAST
PI3K
EAAT1/2
NMDA
EAAC1
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vGLUT1
AD
BDNF
MS
MMPs
STAT3
EAE
PLCγ
MAPK
NGF
IP3
i.t
GFAP
vGAT
PD
Ca2
Systems biology
GlyT-1
GABA
SCI
HD
ATP
BB14
GLT-1
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Snippet •We briefly review the role of astrocytes in brain function.•We review the main pathways in astrocytic dysfunction.•We focus on astroglial-specific targets for...
Chronic neurodegenerative diseases represent major unmet needs for therapeutic interventions. Recently, the neurocentric view of brain function and disease has...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Astrocytes - pathology
Astrocytes - transplantation
Brain - drug effects
Brain - pathology
Brain homeostasis
Drug Discovery
Gliosis - pathology
Gliosis - therapy
Glutamic Acid - metabolism
Humans
Inflammation - drug therapy
Inflammation - pathology
Nerve Growth Factors - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology
Neurodegenerative Diseases - therapy
Neuroprotection
Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology
Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use
Neurotrophins
Reactive astrogliosis
Signal Transduction
Synapses - physiology
Systems Biology
Title Astrogliosis as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.01.014
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24457173
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