Small-scale vegetation patterns in the parental environment influence the phase state of hatchlings of the desert locust
Summary Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one another; when crowded, they shift to the gregarious phase and aggregate. Laboratory experiments and individual‐based modelling have shown that...
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| Published in | Physiological entomology Vol. 25; no. 1; pp. 74 - 81 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science Ltd
01.03.2000
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
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| Abstract | Summary
Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one another; when crowded, they shift to the gregarious phase and aggregate. Laboratory experiments and individual‐based modelling have shown that small‐scale resource distribution can affect locust phase state via an influence on crowding. Laboratory work has also shown that parental phase state is transmitted to offspring via maternal inheritance. These effects had not been investigated in the field previously. We maintained small populations of adult desert locusts in semi‐field enclosures with different distribution patterns of a single plant species (Hyoscyamus muticus L. (Solanaceae)). The offspring of locusts exposed to more clumped patterns of vegetation exhibited more gregarious behaviour when tested in a behavioural phase assay than did progeny from parents left in enclosures with more scattered vegetation. These effects on nymphal behaviour appeared to be mediated by influences of resource distribution on adult phase state. Phase state in small semi‐field populations was influenced by small‐scale vegetation distribution. Phase differences engendered by environmental structure were maintained in time and transmitted to progeny. |
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| AbstractList | Summary
Desert locusts (
Schistocerca gregaria
Forskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one another; when crowded, they shift to the gregarious phase and aggregate. Laboratory experiments and individual‐based modelling have shown that small‐scale resource distribution can affect locust phase state via an influence on crowding. Laboratory work has also shown that parental phase state is transmitted to offspring via maternal inheritance. These effects had not been investigated in the field previously. We maintained small populations of adult desert locusts in semi‐field enclosures with different distribution patterns of a single plant species (
Hyoscyamus muticus
L. (Solanaceae)). The offspring of locusts exposed to more clumped patterns of vegetation exhibited more gregarious behaviour when tested in a behavioural phase assay than did progeny from parents left in enclosures with more scattered vegetation. These effects on nymphal behaviour appeared to be mediated by influences of resource distribution on adult phase state. Phase state in small semi‐field populations was influenced by small‐scale vegetation distribution. Phase differences engendered by environmental structure were maintained in time and transmitted to progeny. Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskael (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one another; when crowded, they shift to the gregarious phase and aggregate. Laboratory experiments and individual-based modelling have shown that small-scale resource distribution can affect locust phase state via an influence on crowding. Laboratory work has also shown that parental phase state is transmitted to offspring via maternal inheritance. These effects had not been investigated in the field previously. We maintained small populations of adult desert locusts in semi-field enclosures with different distribution patterns of a single plant species (Hyoscyamus muticus L. (Solanaceae)). The offspring of locusts exposed to more clumped patterns of vegetation exhibited more gregarious behaviour when tested in a behavioural phase assay than did progeny from parents left in enclosures with more scattered vegetation. These effects on nymphal behaviour appeared to be mediated by influences of resource distribution on adult phase state. Phase state in small semi-field populations was influenced by small-scale vegetation distribution. Phase differences engendered by environmental structure were maintained in time and transmitted to progeny. Summary Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one another; when crowded, they shift to the gregarious phase and aggregate. Laboratory experiments and individual‐based modelling have shown that small‐scale resource distribution can affect locust phase state via an influence on crowding. Laboratory work has also shown that parental phase state is transmitted to offspring via maternal inheritance. These effects had not been investigated in the field previously. We maintained small populations of adult desert locusts in semi‐field enclosures with different distribution patterns of a single plant species (Hyoscyamus muticus L. (Solanaceae)). The offspring of locusts exposed to more clumped patterns of vegetation exhibited more gregarious behaviour when tested in a behavioural phase assay than did progeny from parents left in enclosures with more scattered vegetation. These effects on nymphal behaviour appeared to be mediated by influences of resource distribution on adult phase state. Phase state in small semi‐field populations was influenced by small‐scale vegetation distribution. Phase differences engendered by environmental structure were maintained in time and transmitted to progeny. |
| Author | Despland, E. Simpson, S. J. |
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| References_xml | – volume: 20 start-page: 199 year: 1995 end-page: 208 article-title: An analysis of the behavioural effects of crowding and re‐isolation on solitary‐reared adult desert locusts ( ) and their offspring publication-title: Physiological Entomology – year: 1958 – year: 1983 – volume: 27 start-page: 563 year: 1997 end-page: 568 article-title: Cuticular hydrocarbons control behavioural phase transition in nymphs and elicit biochemical responses in antennae publication-title: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology – volume: 27 start-page: 97 year: 1981 end-page: 102 article-title: Phase polymorphism in : reproductive parameters publication-title: Journal of Insect Physiology – volume: 40 start-page: 173 year: 1994b end-page: 181 article-title: Parental effects on the behaviour and coloration of nymphs of the desert locust publication-title: Journal of Insect Physiology – volume: 19 start-page: 191 year: 1994 end-page: 197 article-title: The time‐course of behavioural phase change in nymphs of the desert locust, publication-title: Physiological Entomology – year: 1996 – volume: 7 start-page: 91 year: 1959 end-page: 106 article-title: Learning and social aggregation in locust hoppers publication-title: Animal Behaviour – volume: 95 start-page: 13052 year: 1998 end-page: 13055 article-title: The spatial scales of desert locust gregarisation publication-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science – volume: 89 start-page: 385 year: 1939 end-page: 542 article-title: The behaviour of the desert locust (Forsk.) (Orthoptera) in an outbreak centre publication-title: Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London – volume: 23 start-page: 1 year: 1991 end-page: 79 article-title: Locust phase polymorphism and its endocrine relations publication-title: Advances in Insect Physiology – year: 1952 – volume: 44 start-page: 883 year: 1998 end-page: 893 article-title: Effects of sensory stimuli on the behavioural phase state of the desert locust, publication-title: Journal of Insect Physiology – year: 1990 – year: 1977 – volume: 201 start-page: 347 year: 1998 end-page: 363 article-title: Gregarising factor present in the egg pod foam of the desert locust publication-title: Journal of Experimental Biology – volume: 25 start-page: 52 year: 1961 end-page: 59 article-title: Quantity and quality in insect populations publication-title: Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society London C – volume: 22 start-page: 1717 year: 1996 end-page: 1734 article-title: Factors affecting behavioural phase transition in the desert locust (Forskål) (Orthoptera: acrididae) publication-title: Journal of Chemical Ecology – volume: 219 start-page: 446 year: 1968 end-page: 450 article-title: Environmental and behavioural processes in a desert locust outbreak publication-title: Nature – year: 2000 article-title: Small‐scale processes in desert locust swarm formation: how vegetation patterns influence gregarisation publication-title: Oikos – year: 2000 article-title: The role of food distribution and nutritional quality in behavioural phase change in the desert locust publication-title: Animal Behaviour – year: 1957 – volume: 21 start-page: 247 year: 1996 end-page: 256 article-title: The influence of environmental microstructure on the behavioural phase state and distribution of the desert locust publication-title: Physiological Entomology – volume: 44 start-page: 365 year: 1998 end-page: 377 article-title: The physiology of locust phase polymorphism: an update publication-title: Journal of Insect Physiology – year: 1997 – volume: 74 start-page: 461 year: 1999 end-page: 480 article-title: A behavioural analysis of phase change in the desert locust publication-title: Biological Reviews – volume: 257 start-page: 93 year: 1994a end-page: 98 article-title: Effects of population density experienced by parents during mating and oviposition on the phase of hatchling desert locusts publication-title: Proceedings of the Royal Society London B – volume: 252 start-page: 43 year: 1993 end-page: 49 article-title: Analysis of phase‐related changes in the behaviour of desert locust nymphs publication-title: Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B – start-page: 393 year: 1990 end-page: 414 – year: 1991 – year: 1999 – ident: e_1_2_6_33_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1469-185X.1999.tb00038.x – ident: e_1_2_6_18_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_19_1 doi: 10.1016/0022-1910(81)90115-3 – ident: e_1_2_6_32_1 doi: 10.1038/219446a0 – ident: e_1_2_6_11_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_25_1 doi: 10.1016/S0065-2806(08)60091-0 – ident: e_1_2_6_14_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_28_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_23_1 doi: 10.1119/1.13295 – ident: e_1_2_6_4_1 doi: 10.4135/9781412984218 – volume: 95 start-page: 13052 year: 1998 ident: e_1_2_6_5_1 article-title: The spatial scales of desert locust gregarisation publication-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13052 contributor: fullname: Collett M. – start-page: 393 volume-title: Of Grasshoppers year: 1990 ident: e_1_2_6_7_1 contributor: fullname: Dale J.F. – ident: e_1_2_6_3_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1996.tb00862.x – ident: e_1_2_6_20_1 doi: 10.1098/rspb.1994.0099 – ident: e_1_2_6_30_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1994.tb01042.x – ident: e_1_2_6_22_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2311.1939.tb00735.x – ident: e_1_2_6_16_1 doi: 10.1016/S0965-1748(97)00031-3 – ident: e_1_2_6_29_1 doi: 10.1016/S0022-1910(98)00070-5 – ident: e_1_2_6_27_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_8_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_13_1 doi: 10.1016/0003-3472(59)90037-5 – volume: 201 start-page: 347 year: 1998 ident: e_1_2_6_24_1 article-title: Gregarising factor present in the egg pod foam of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria publication-title: Journal of Experimental Biology doi: 10.1242/jeb.201.3.347 contributor: fullname: McCaffery A. – ident: e_1_2_6_17_1 doi: 10.1007/BF02272410 – ident: e_1_2_6_6_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_35_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_15_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_21_1 doi: 10.1016/0022-1910(94)90089-2 – ident: e_1_2_6_26_1 doi: 10.1016/S0022-1910(97)00169-8 – ident: e_1_2_6_31_1 doi: 10.1098/rspb.1993.0044 – ident: e_1_2_6_10_1 doi: 10.1006/anbe.1999.1335 – ident: e_1_2_6_9_1 doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.880322.x – ident: e_1_2_6_12_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_34_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1946-150X.1961.tb01516.x – ident: e_1_2_6_2_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1995.tb00002.x |
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Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one... Summary Desert locusts ( Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one... Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskael (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) change phase in response to population density. Solitarious insects avoid one another;... |
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| StartPage | 74 |
| SubjectTerms | Epigenetic gregarization locust maternal inheritance Schistocerca gregaria spatial pattern vegetation distribution phase change |
| Title | Small-scale vegetation patterns in the parental environment influence the phase state of hatchlings of the desert locust |
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