Temperature dependence of the Langmuir monolayer packing of mycolic acids from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta Vol. 1715; no. 2; pp. 71 - 80
• Main Authors: Villeneuve, Masumi, Kawai, Mizuo, Kanashima, Hideki, Watanabe, Motoko, Minnikin, David E., Nakahara, Hiroo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.09.2005
• Subjects: Fatty acid conformation; Langmuir monolayer; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - chemistry; Mycolic acid; Mycolic Acids - chemistry; Phase diagram; Surface Properties; Temperature; Thermodynamics; Mycolic acid; Thermodynamics; Fatty acid conformation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Langmuir monolayer; Phase diagram
• ISSN: 0005-2736; 0006-3002; 1879-2642
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.07.005

Phase diagrams of the Langmuir monolayer of dicyclopropyl alpha mycolic acid (α-MA), cyclopropyl methoxy mycolic acid (MeO-MA), and cyclopropyl ketomycolic acids (Keto-MA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis were obtained by thermodynamic analysis of the surface pressure ( π) vs. average molecular area ( A) isotherms at temperatures in the range of 10–46 °C. The Langmuir monolayers of MAs were shown to exhibit various phases depending on the temperature ( T) and the π values. In the Langmuir monolayer of Keto-MA, the carbonyl group in the meromycolate chain apparently touches the water surface to give the molecule a W-shape in all the temperatures and surface pressures studied. Keto-MA formed a rigid solid condensed film, with four hydrocarbon chains packing together, not observed in the others. In contrast, the monolayer films of α-and MeO-MAs having no such highly hydrophilic intra-chain groups in the meromycolate chain were mostly in liquid condensed phase. This novel insight into the packing of mycolic acids opens up new avenues for the study of the role of mycolic acids in the mycobacterial cell envelopes and pathogenic processes.