Rejection and modeling of arsenate by nanofiltration: Contributions of convection, diffusion and electromigration to arsenic transport
Nanofiltration (NF) membranes, DK and DL, were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface charge titration, pore size determination and salt rejection. The results showed both membranes have amide I and carbonyl groups on their surfaces, and have th...
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| Published in | Journal of membrane science Vol. 453; pp. 42 - 51 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.03.2014
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Nanofiltration (NF) membranes, DK and DL, were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface charge titration, pore size determination and salt rejection. The results showed both membranes have amide I and carbonyl groups on their surfaces, and have the same basic structure of polyamide layer sitting on the top of a polysulfone layer. The DK membrane carries more negative charges in the entire pH range investigated. Arsenate rejections by the NF membranes were evaluated with a crossflow test setup. The effects of pH, ionic strength, operating pressure, arsenate initial concentration on the membrane performance were investigated. Mass transfer coefficients of the membranes were determined experimentally. The Donann Steric Pore Model and concentration polarization film theory were applied to calculate the arsenic rejection rate. The rejection mechanism was interpreted by calculating the contributions of convection, diffusion, and electrostatic migration to arsenic transport through the membranes. The calculated results showed that the contribution of diffusive transport dominated at low flux, and convection and electromigrative transport, especially the latter, play an increasingly important role at a high flux.
•As(V) rejection varied when operating parameters changed.•DSPM model and concentration polarization theory well predicted As(V) rejection.•With normalized volume charges |ξ|>10, diffusion dominates at low flux.•Contribution of diffusion decreased with the increasing flux.•The convection and electromigration play an increasing critical role at a high flux. |
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| AbstractList | Nanofiltration (NF) membranes, DK and DL, were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface charge titration, pore size determination and salt rejection. The results showed both membranes have amide I and carbonyl groups on their surfaces, and have the same basic structure of polyamide layer sitting on the top of a polysulfone layer. The DK membrane carries more negative charges in the entire pH range investigated. Arsenate rejections by the NF membranes were evaluated with a crossflow test setup. The effects of pH, ionic strength, operating pressure, arsenate initial concentration on the membrane performance were investigated. Mass transfer coefficients of the membranes were determined experimentally. The Donann Steric Pore Model and concentration polarization film theory were applied to calculate the arsenic rejection rate. The rejection mechanism was interpreted by calculating the contributions of convection, diffusion, and electrostatic migration to arsenic transport through the membranes. The calculated results showed that the contribution of diffusive transport dominated at low flux, and convection and electromigrative transport, especially the latter, play an increasingly important role at a high flux. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes, DK and DL, were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface charge titration, pore size determination and salt rejection. The results showed both membranes have amide I and carbonyl groups on their surfaces, and have the same basic structure of polyamide layer sitting on the top of a polysulfone layer. The DK membrane carries more negative charges in the entire pH range investigated. Arsenate rejections by the NF membranes were evaluated with a crossflow test setup. The effects of pH, ionic strength, operating pressure, arsenate initial concentration on the membrane performance were investigated. Mass transfer coefficients of the membranes were determined experimentally. The Donann Steric Pore Model and concentration polarization film theory were applied to calculate the arsenic rejection rate. The rejection mechanism was interpreted by calculating the contributions of convection, diffusion, and electrostatic migration to arsenic transport through the membranes. The calculated results showed that the contribution of diffusive transport dominated at low flux, and convection and electromigrative transport, especially the latter, play an increasingly important role at a high flux. •As(V) rejection varied when operating parameters changed.•DSPM model and concentration polarization theory well predicted As(V) rejection.•With normalized volume charges |ξ|>10, diffusion dominates at low flux.•Contribution of diffusion decreased with the increasing flux.•The convection and electromigration play an increasing critical role at a high flux. |
| Author | Deng, Baolin Fang, Jun |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jun orcidid: 0000-0002-9239-5833 surname: Fang fullname: Fang, Jun email: jun.fang@dcwater.com organization: OMAP Program at District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority, Delon Hampton and Associates, Chartered, Washington, DC 20032, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Baolin surname: Deng fullname: Deng, Baolin email: dengb@missouri.edu organization: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA |
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| Keywords | Electromigration Nanofiltration Transport Diffusion Arsenate Convection Membrane separation Arsenic Arsenates Membrane Modeling |
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| SubjectTerms | Arsenate Arsenates Arsenic artificial membranes Chemistry Colloidal state and disperse state Convection Diffusion Electromigration Exact sciences and technology General and physical chemistry infrared spectroscopy ionic strength mass transfer Mathematical models Membranes moieties Nanofiltration polyamides porosity Rejection titration Transport |
| Title | Rejection and modeling of arsenate by nanofiltration: Contributions of convection, diffusion and electromigration to arsenic transport |
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