Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Bone Fracture Risk in Middle-Aged Women: A Case Control Study

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 11; no. 10; p. 2508
• Main Authors: Palomeras-Vilches, Anna, Viñals-Mayolas, Eva, Bou-Mias, Concepció, Jordà-Castro, MªÀngels, Agüero-Martínez, MªÀngels, Busquets-Barceló, Montserrat, Pujol-Busquets, Georgina, Carrion, Carme, Bosque-Prous, Marina, Serra-Majem, Lluís, Bach-Faig, Anna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18.10.2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Alcohol; bone fracture risk; Breast cancer; Case-Control Studies; Cereals; Cohort Studies; Diabetes; Diet; Diet, Mediterranean; dietary pattern; Disease; Disease prevention; Exposure; Fatty acids; Female; Food; Fractures; Fractures, Bone - prevention & control; frax; Health care; Health risk assessment; Health sciences; Humans; Inflammation; lifestyle; Meat; mediterranean diet; Menopause; Meta-analysis; Middle Aged; Nutrition; Nutrition research; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis - complications; Post-menopause; Public health; Risk Factors; Risk reduction; Sun; Systematic review; Task forces; Trends; Vitamin D; Womens health; United States > US; Spain; FRAX; bone fracture risk; dietary pattern; osteoporosis; Mediterranean diet; lifestyle
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu11102508

The prevention of bone mass loss and related complications associated with osteoporosis is a significant public health issue. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is favorably associated with bone health, a potentially modifiable risk factor. The objective of this research was to determine MD adherence in a sample of women with and without osteoporosis. In this observational case-control study of 139 women (64 women with and 75 without osteoporosis) conducted in a primary-care health center in Girona (Spain), MD adherence, lifestyle, physical exercise, tobacco and alcohol consumption, pathological antecedents, and FRAX index scores were analyzed. Logistic multilinear regression modeling to explore the relationship between the MD and bone fracture risk indicated that better MD adherence was associated with a lower bone risk fracture. Non-pharmacological preventive strategies to reduce bone fracture risk were also reviewed to explore the role of lifestyle and diet in bone mass maintenance and bone fracture prevention.