Dissection of Targeting Molecular Mechanisms of Aristolochic Acid-induced Nephrotoxicity via a Combined Deconvolution Strategy of Chemoproteomics and Metabolomics

• Published in: International journal of biological sciences Vol. 18; no. 5; pp. 2003 - 2017
• Main Authors: Zhang, Qian, Luo, Piao, Chen, Jiayun, Yang, Chuanbin, Xia, Fei, Zhang, Junzhe, Tang, Huan, Liu, Dandan, Gu, Liwei, Shi, Qiaoli, He, Xueling, Yang, Tong, Wang, Jigang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Ivyspring International Publisher Pty Ltd 01.01.2022; Ivyspring International Publisher
• Subjects: Aerobic respiration; Apoptosis; Aristolochic acid; Aristolochic Acids - toxicity; ATP synthase; Binding; Biological activity; Biosynthesis; Carcinogens; Dehydrogenases; Electron transport; Enzymes; Experiments; Fatty acids; Female; Glucose metabolism; Homeostasis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney diseases; Kidney Diseases - chemically induced; Kinases; Krebs cycle; Labeling; Localization; Male; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; Mitochondria; Molecular modelling; Natural products; Nephritis; Nephropathy; Oxidation; Oxygen consumption; Proteins; Proteomics; Research Paper; Respiration; Toxicity; Tricarboxylic acid cycle; Urothelial cancer; apoptosis; chemical proteomics; metabolism; mitochondrial dysfunction; Aristolochic acid nephropathy
• DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.69618
• ISSN: 1449-2288

Aristolochic acid (AA), mainly derived from herbal and plants, was listed as a human carcinogen class I in 2002. Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is a rapidly progressive tubulointerstitial nephritis and urothelial cancer caused by AA. However, the targeting molecular mechanisms of AAs-induced nephrotoxicity are largely unclear. This study aims to dissect targeting molecular mechanisms of AA-induced nephrotoxicity. Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) in combination with cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) was performed to identify the AAs binding target proteins. Our data indicated that several key enzymes in the metabolic process and mitochondrial respiration including IDH2 and MDH2 (Krebs cycle), PKM and LDH (aerobic respiration), FASN (fatty acid beta-oxidation), HK2 (glucose metabolism), and ATP synthase were identified as directly binding targets of AAs. Metabolomics and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) experiments further confirmed that AAs targeting proteins disrupted metabolic biosynthesis processes and impaired mitochondrial functions. Ultimately, AAs induced renal cells apoptosis by disturbing various biological processes. Cumulatively, AAs may directly bind to key proteins involved in the metabolic process and mitochondrial homeostasis, and finally induce aristolochic acid nephropathy. Our findings provide novel insight into underlying mechanisms of AAs-induced kidney toxicity, which may help to develop therapeutic strategies for AAN.