A method to map real-time gamma-ray radiation in urban areas near the soil surface
Radiation exists naturally in the environment. However, human activities, especially those related to nuclear weapons, energy generation, and medical infrastructures, can increase radioactivity levels in air, soil, and water, threatening human health. Both urban and rural populations can be exposed...
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| Published in | MethodsX Vol. 14; p. 103414 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
01.06.2025
Elsevier |
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| Abstract | Radiation exists naturally in the environment. However, human activities, especially those related to nuclear weapons, energy generation, and medical infrastructures, can increase radioactivity levels in air, soil, and water, threatening human health. Both urban and rural populations can be exposed to radioactivity, making mapping an essential tool for a better understanding of radiation concentration. In this work, we developed a “walk-borne” survey methodology to map real-time gamma radiation (count and dose rate) in an urban area (Vilnius, Lithuania) using a small portable spectrometer (RadiaCode). A detailed method was developed considering 1) RadiaCode test in the field, 2) study site selection, 3) transect design to map count and dose rate, 4) RadiaCode map settings preparation, 5) fieldwork and data preparation, 6) data download and processing, and 7) statistical and spatial analysis. This method will be key to identifying potential radiation sources and accumulation that can be transferable to other environments.•A novel “walk-borne” survey methodology was developed to map real-time gamma-ray radiation using a small portable spectrometer;•High-resolution mapping of potential radiation sources can be identified with their implications for human health•This method can help identify areas with potential radiation risks.
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| AbstractList | Radiation exists naturally in the environment. However, human activities, especially those related to nuclear weapons, energy generation, and medical infrastructures, can increase radioactivity levels in air, soil, and water, threatening human health. Both urban and rural populations can be exposed to radioactivity, making mapping an essential tool for a better understanding of radiation concentration. In this work, we developed a “walk-borne” survey methodology to map real-time gamma radiation (count and dose rate) in an urban area (Vilnius, Lithuania) using a small portable spectrometer (RadiaCode). A detailed method was developed considering 1) RadiaCode test in the field, 2) study site selection, 3) transect design to map count and dose rate, 4) RadiaCode map settings preparation, 5) fieldwork and data preparation, 6) data download and processing, and 7) statistical and spatial analysis. This method will be key to identifying potential radiation sources and accumulation that can be transferable to other environments. • A novel “walk-borne” survey methodology was developed to map real-time gamma-ray radiation using a small portable spectrometer; • High-resolution mapping of potential radiation sources can be identified with their implications for human health • This method can help identify areas with potential radiation risks. Radiation exists naturally in the environment. However, human activities, especially those related to nuclear weapons, energy generation, and medical infrastructures, can increase radioactivity levels in air, soil, and water, threatening human health. Both urban and rural populations can be exposed to radioactivity, making mapping an essential tool for a better understanding of radiation concentration. In this work, we developed a “walk-borne” survey methodology to map real-time gamma radiation (count and dose rate) in an urban area (Vilnius, Lithuania) using a small portable spectrometer (RadiaCode). A detailed method was developed considering 1) RadiaCode test in the field, 2) study site selection, 3) transect design to map count and dose rate, 4) RadiaCode map settings preparation, 5) fieldwork and data preparation, 6) data download and processing, and 7) statistical and spatial analysis. This method will be key to identifying potential radiation sources and accumulation that can be transferable to other environments. • A novel “walk-borne” survey methodology was developed to map real-time gamma-ray radiation using a small portable spectrometer; • High-resolution mapping of potential radiation sources can be identified with their implications for human health • This method can help identify areas with potential radiation risks. Image, graphical abstract Radiation exists naturally in the environment. However, human activities, especially those related to nuclear weapons, energy generation, and medical infrastructures, can increase radioactivity levels in air, soil, and water, threatening human health. Both urban and rural populations can be exposed to radioactivity, making mapping an essential tool for a better understanding of radiation concentration. In this work, we developed a “walk-borne” survey methodology to map real-time gamma radiation (count and dose rate) in an urban area (Vilnius, Lithuania) using a small portable spectrometer (RadiaCode). A detailed method was developed considering 1) RadiaCode test in the field, 2) study site selection, 3) transect design to map count and dose rate, 4) RadiaCode map settings preparation, 5) fieldwork and data preparation, 6) data download and processing, and 7) statistical and spatial analysis. This method will be key to identifying potential radiation sources and accumulation that can be transferable to other environments.•A novel “walk-borne” survey methodology was developed to map real-time gamma-ray radiation using a small portable spectrometer;•High-resolution mapping of potential radiation sources can be identified with their implications for human health•This method can help identify areas with potential radiation risks. [Display omitted] Radiation exists naturally in the environment. However, human activities, especially those related to nuclear weapons, energy generation, and medical infrastructures, can increase radioactivity levels in air, soil, and water, threatening human health. Both urban and rural populations can be exposed to radioactivity, making mapping an essential tool for a better understanding of radiation concentration. In this work, we developed a "walk-borne" survey methodology to map real-time gamma radiation (count and dose rate) in an urban area (Vilnius, Lithuania) using a small portable spectrometer (RadiaCode). A detailed method was developed considering 1) RadiaCode test in the field, 2) study site selection, 3) transect design to map count and dose rate, 4) RadiaCode map settings preparation, 5) fieldwork and data preparation, 6) data download and processing, and 7) statistical and spatial analysis. This method will be key to identifying potential radiation sources and accumulation that can be transferable to other environments.•A novel "walk-borne" survey methodology was developed to map real-time gamma-ray radiation using a small portable spectrometer;•High-resolution mapping of potential radiation sources can be identified with their implications for human health•This method can help identify areas with potential radiation risks.Radiation exists naturally in the environment. However, human activities, especially those related to nuclear weapons, energy generation, and medical infrastructures, can increase radioactivity levels in air, soil, and water, threatening human health. Both urban and rural populations can be exposed to radioactivity, making mapping an essential tool for a better understanding of radiation concentration. In this work, we developed a "walk-borne" survey methodology to map real-time gamma radiation (count and dose rate) in an urban area (Vilnius, Lithuania) using a small portable spectrometer (RadiaCode). A detailed method was developed considering 1) RadiaCode test in the field, 2) study site selection, 3) transect design to map count and dose rate, 4) RadiaCode map settings preparation, 5) fieldwork and data preparation, 6) data download and processing, and 7) statistical and spatial analysis. This method will be key to identifying potential radiation sources and accumulation that can be transferable to other environments.•A novel "walk-borne" survey methodology was developed to map real-time gamma-ray radiation using a small portable spectrometer;•High-resolution mapping of potential radiation sources can be identified with their implications for human health•This method can help identify areas with potential radiation risks. |
| ArticleNumber | 103414 |
| Author | Pinto, Luis Barcelo, Damia Brevik, Eric C. Inacio, Miguel Brevik, Corinne E. Pereira, Paulo |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Paulo orcidid: 0000-0003-0227-2010 surname: Pereira fullname: Pereira, Paulo email: paulo@mruni.eu organization: Environmental Management Laboratory, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania – sequence: 2 givenname: Luis surname: Pinto fullname: Pinto, Luis organization: Environmental Management Laboratory, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania – sequence: 3 givenname: Miguel surname: Inacio fullname: Inacio, Miguel organization: Environmental Management Laboratory, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania – sequence: 4 givenname: Damia surname: Barcelo fullname: Barcelo, Damia organization: Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería, Spain – sequence: 5 givenname: Eric C. surname: Brevik fullname: Brevik, Eric C. organization: School of Agricultural Sciences and School of Earth Systems and Sustainability, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Corinne E. surname: Brevik fullname: Brevik, Corinne E. organization: School of Physics and Applied Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2023.09.011 10.1080/00223131.2021.1973608 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.03.007 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106282 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106189 10.4103/2277-9175.115821 10.1177/1178622120934441 10.1097/HP.0000000000001404 10.1080/18811248.2011.636550 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.02.020 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106695 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.001 10.1007/s10661-020-08402-2 10.1038/s41598-021-96516-z 10.1111/ejss.12451 10.1186/1735-2746-9-1 10.1016/j.net.2021.12.017 10.1177/09636625211054735 10.1002/arp.1859 10.1177/03611981211020008 10.1007/s00411-025-01121-7 10.1016/0265-931X(94)90065-5 10.1088/0952-4746/36/2/S82 |
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| Keywords | Spatial analysis Radiation mapping in urban areas Dose rate Land use Radiation Count rate |
| Language | English |
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| Title | A method to map real-time gamma-ray radiation in urban areas near the soil surface |
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